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Raman spectroscopy and mass spectrometry identifies a unique group of epidermal lipids in active discoid lupus erythematosus.

ABSTRACT: Discoid lupus erythematosus (DLE) is the most common form of cutaneous lupus¹. It can cause permanent scarring. The pathophysiology of is not fully understood. Plasmacytoid dendritic cells are found in close association with apoptotic keratinocytes inferring close cellular signalling. Matrix Associated Laser Desorption Ionisation (MALDI) combined with Fourier Transform Ion Cyclotron Resonance Mass Spectrometry (FT-ICR-MS) is an exquisitely sensitive combination to examine disease processes at the cellular and molecular level. Active areas of discoid lupus erythematosus were compared with normal perilesional skin using MALDI combined with FT-ICR-MS. A unique set of biomarkers, including epidermal lipids is identified in active discoid lupus. These were assigned as sphingomyelins, phospholipids and ceramides. Additionally, increased levels of proteins from the keratin, and small proline rich family, and aromatic amino acids (tryptophan, phenylalanine, and tyrosine) in the epidermis are observed. These techniques, applied to punch biopsies of the skin, have shown a distinctive lipid profile of active discoid lupus. This profile may indicate specific lipid signalling pathways. Lipid rich microdomains (known as lipid rafts) are involved in cell signalling and lipid abnormalities have been described with systemic lupus erythematosus which correlate with disease activity.

SUBMITTER: Holtkamp HU

PROVIDER: S-EPMC10542761 | biostudies-literature | 2023 Sep

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Raman spectroscopy and mass spectrometry identifies a unique group of epidermal lipids in active discoid lupus erythematosus.

Holtkamp Hannah U HU Aguergaray Claude C Prangnell Kalita K Pook Christopher C Amirapu Satya S Grey Angus A Simpson Cather C Nieuwoudt Michel M Jarrett Paul P

Scientific reports 20230930 1

Discoid lupus erythematosus (DLE) is the most common form of cutaneous lupus<sup>1</sup>. It can cause permanent scarring. The pathophysiology of is not fully understood. Plasmacytoid dendritic cells are found in close association with apoptotic keratinocytes inferring close cellular signalling. Matrix Associated Laser Desorption Ionisation (MALDI) combined with Fourier Transform Ion Cyclotron Resonance Mass Spectrometry (FT-ICR-MS) is an exquisitely sensitive combination to examine disease proc ...[more]

PMID: 37777584

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Project description:ImportanceClassification criteria are the standardized definitions that are used to enroll uniform cohorts for research studies. They emphasize high specificity and are distinct from diagnostic criteria. No universally recognized classification criteria currently exist for discoid lupus erythematosus (DLE), which has led to problematic heterogeneity in observational and interventional clinical studies across the field.ObjectiveTo create and validate classification criteria for DLE using 12 previously defined candidate criteria items.Design, setting, and participantsFor this diagnostic study, candidate criteria items were prospectively applied by dermatologists and dermatopathologists at clinical visits of patients with DLE or a condition that could be confused for DLE, termed a DLE mimicker, at academic dermatology practices across the United States, Poland, Japan, and South Korea. Data were collected from December 1, 2017, to February 1, 2019, and analyzed from March 1 to September 19, 2019.Main outcomes and measuresClinical features among these 2 groups were calculated and compared with χ2 or Fisher exact tests. Candidate models were identified using best subsets logistic regression analysis. Improvement tests, fit statistics, and discrimination were considered to choose a final model.ResultsNine sites contributed 215 patients, 15 of whom had missing or incomplete data. The final model for DLE classification criteria includes only clinical variables: atrophic scarring (3 points), location in the conchal bowl (2 points), preference for the head and neck (2 points), dyspigmentation (1 point), follicular hyperkeratosis and/or plugging (1 point), and erythematous to violaceous in color (1 point), with an area under the receiving operating characteristic curve of 0.91 (95% CI, 0.87-0.95). A score of at least 5 points yields a sensitivity of 84.1% and a specificity of 75.9% in the classification of DLE, with increasing scores yielding higher specificity.Conclusions and relevanceThese findings provide the initial validation of classification criteria for DLE for use in observational and clinical trials.

Dataset Information

Raman spectroscopy and mass spectrometry identifies a unique group of epidermal lipids in active discoid lupus erythematosus.

Publications

Raman spectroscopy and mass spectrometry identifies a unique group of epidermal lipids in active discoid lupus erythematosus.

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