Supplemental educational program to heighten the impact of research – an opportunity for OA imaging
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ABSTRACT:
SUBMITTER: Burstein D
PROVIDER: S-EPMC10552445 | biostudies-literature | 2023 Jun
REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature
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Project description:Educational opportunities for investigators and staff to promote inclusive research practices are a critical piece of the effort to increase diversity in study participation and promote health equity. However, few trainings to date have empirically been shown to result in behavior changes. We present preliminary evaluation findings for the Just Research workshop offered at the University of Wisconsin-Madison between October 2022 and August 2023. These sessions included 80 participants who made up 4 cohorts. Data was collected through a retrospective pre/post-test survey administered 0-7 days following the workshop (n = 70), and a follow-up survey administered 9-12 months following the workshop (n = 21). Participants demonstrate significant increases in knowledge and self-efficacy regarding implementing inclusive practices post-intervention (p < .001). 85.7% of participants who completed the follow-up survey reported implementing inclusive practices.
| S-EPMC11428049 | biostudies-literature
Project description:IntroductionThe Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program (SNAP) is the largest federal food assistance program designed to alleviate food insecurity and improve dietary intake. This study assessed the opinions of SNAP participants and food-insufficient nonparticipants on their perceptions of the program and strategies to improve its nutritional impact.MethodsThis study surveyed 387 individuals via Amazon Mechanical Turk, of whom 118 were SNAP participants and 269 were food insufficient but not enrolled in SNAP (nonparticipants). Open-ended questions were coded and analyzed for thematic content. For closed-ended questions, response frequencies were compared using chi-square tests. Data were analyzed in 2016.ResultsSNAP participants reported that the program successfully served its primary purpose: to allow individuals to buy enough food to make ends meet and reduce food insecurity. Importance was placed on buying food for their children/families and the ability to allocate money for other expenses. To improve the nutritional impact, SNAP participants suggested more nutrition education, increasing the benefit allotment, incentivizing healthful foods, and excluding unhealthful foods for purchase with SNAP. When participants and nonparticipants were asked to choose between SNAP and a nutritionally enhanced program combining healthy incentives with exclusions for sugary beverages (i.e., SNAP+), 68% of participants and 83% of nonparticipants chose SNAP+. Of those who initially chose SNAP, 68% of participants and 64% of nonparticipants chose SNAP+ if paired with a 50% increase in total benefits.ConclusionsSNAP participants and food-insufficient nonparticipants support policies that facilitate purchases of healthful foods and limit purchases of unhealthful foods, specifically sugary beverages.
| S-EPMC5264317 | biostudies-literature
Project description:The development of translational clinical research protocols is complex. To assist investigators, we developed a structured supportive guidance process (Navigation) to expedite protocol development to the standards of good clinical practice (GCP), focusing on research ethics and integrity. Navigation consists of experienced research coordinators leading investigators through a concerted multistep protocol development process from concept initiation to submission of the final protocol. To assess the effectiveness of Navigation, we collect data on the experience of investigators, the intensity of support required for protocol development, IRB review outcomes, and protocol start and completion dates. One hundred forty-four protocols underwent Navigation and achieved IRB approval since the program began in 2007, including 37 led by trainee investigators, 26 led by MDs, 9 by MD/PhDs, 57 by PhDs, and 12 by investigators with other credentials (e.g., RN, MPH). In every year, more than 50% of Navigated protocols were approved by the IRB within 30 days. For trainees who had more than one protocol navigated, the intensity of Navigation support required decreased over time. Navigation can increase access to translational studies for basic scientists, facilitate GCP training for investigators, and accelerate development and approval of protocols of high ethical and scientific quality.
| S-EPMC4074027 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Coarse measures of socioeconomic status, such as parental income or parental education, have been linked to differences in white matter development. However, these measures do not provide insight into specific aspects of an individual's environment and how they relate to brain development. On the other hand, educational intervention studies have shown that changes in an individual's educational context can drive measurable changes in their white matter. These studies, however, rarely consider socioeconomic factors in their results. In the present study, we examined the unique relationship between educational opportunity and white matter development, when controlling other known socioeconomic factors. To explore this question, we leveraged the rich demographic and neuroimaging data available in the ABCD study, as well the unique data-crosswalk between ABCD and the Stanford Education Data Archive (SEDA). We find that educational opportunity is related to accelerated white matter development, even when accounting for other socioeconomic factors, and that this relationship is most pronounced in white matter tracts associated with academic skills. These results suggest that the school a child attends has a measurable relationship with brain development for years to come.
| S-EPMC11636918 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Pediatricians play a crucial role in the identification and management of child abuse and neglect (CAN) but they often don't have a formal specialized training.We analysed retrospectively data about patients, 0 - 18 years of age, victims of CAN between 1 April 2005 and 30 April 2015. The aim of the study was to evaluate the effect of a multidisciplinary educational program, "CAN: prevention strategies, individuation and treatment", on the knowledge, case recognition, treatment and follow-up of physicians of Gemelli University Hospital in Rome, regarding physical, sexual abuse and neglect. This program, in 3 different editions biannually, respectively in May-July 2010, November-January 2012 and February-May 2014, was based on 4 sessions, each one of 2 days.Considering the number of victims of CAN between 2005 and 2015 we observed 66 cases of maltreatment. We divided the study population in 2 groups: group A, before the educational programs, patients evaluated from 1 April 2005 to 30 July 2010; group B, after the educational program from 1 August 2010 to 30 April 2015. We observed 23 children in group A and 43 children in group B with an improvement of 87%. Analyzing our data about sex, nationality, type of perpetrators, we found that: 37/66 (56%) of children were females compared to 29/66 (44%) males; 41/66 (62%) of children came from Italy compared to 25/66 (38%) of foreign children; 52/66 (79%) of the perpetrators of abuse were parents or family members compared to acquaintances 10/66 (15%) and to strangers 4/66 (6%).Considering the prevalence of CAN, the need to develop clinically competent clinicians and the improving of residency education in child maltreatment is imperative. Improving the clinical skills of pediatricians to identify and evaluate CAN may lead to reduce morbidity and mortality of these children.
| S-EPMC5557001 | biostudies-other
Project description:More residency training programs are involved in the National Resident Matching Program (NRMP) Supplemental Offer and Acceptance Program (SOAP) than in the past, which is unanticipated by many. Without an action plan in place, the SOAP process can be chaotic and could result in offers to incompletely vetted residency applicants and unfilled residency slots. Faced with this challenge, it is important that programs have a unified, clear process and action plan for the SOAP. Our instution has created a SOAP tool kit that documents our strategies, scripts, and timelines in preparation of SOAP. The success of our approach has been gauged by the positive response from the key stakeholders who found this easy to use without significant advanced training. Faculty and staff noted significant efficiencies and improvements in the process when using the SOAP tool kit. Applicants indicated that the process was more organized than other residency programs they interacted with during the SOAP week. We anticipate that the use of the documents in the SOAP tool kit will help other training programs improve their performance during the SOAP process.
| S-EPMC7977028 | biostudies-literature
Project description:In osteoarthritis (OA), impairment of cartilage regeneration can be related to a defective chondrogenic differentiation of mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs). Therefore, understanding the proteomic- and metabolomic-associated molecular events during the chondrogenesis of MSCs could provide alternative targets for therapeutic intervention. Here, a SILAC-based proteomic analysis identified 43 proteins related with metabolic pathways whose abundance was significantly altered during the chondrogenesis of OA human bone marrow MSCs (hBMSCs). Then, the level and distribution of metabolites was analyzed in these cells and healthy controls by matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry imaging (MALDI-MSI), leading to the recognition of characteristic metabolomic profiles at the early stages of differentiation. Finally, integrative pathway analysis showed that UDP-glucuronic acid synthesis and amino sugar metabolism were downregulated in OA hBMSCs during chondrogenesis compared to healthy cells. Alterations in these metabolic pathways may disturb the production of hyaluronic acid (HA) and other relevant cartilage extracellular matrix (ECM) components. This work provides a novel integrative insight into the molecular alterations of osteoarthritic MSCs and potential therapeutic targets for OA drug development through the enhancement of chondrogenesis.
2020-01-27 | PXD012879 | Pride
Project description:ObjectivesThis study aimed to describe the "how-to" details and processes for developing and evaluating a short-term international student research and education program.MethodsThis study included two parts: development and implementation, and evaluation of the program. A foreign doctoral nursing student requested to visit the West Virginia University School of Nursing for research training and academic teaching experience. The global nursing program coordinator and the lead mentor met and identified the program basis and team participants. Learning activities were related to this student's interest in older adults and in-home end-of-life care, included four contents: research; educational engagement; practice/clinical engagement; special activities & professional development training and courses. The program evaluation was conducted at the end of the six-month visit using a focus group and an anonymous short survey. Participants (n = 10) included the host university's faculty, graduate students, and one short-term international student.ResultsContent analysis of the participant's short survey answers and the focus group discussion resulted in three themes: 1) lessons learned from participating in the program (enhanced diversity in education and research, gaining new global healthcare knowledge, and self-reflection on and promoting cultural awareness); 2) program barriers and challenges (the visa application process, the English language barrier, the lack of public transportation in the town, and scheduling conflicts); and 3) strategies to overcome these barriers and challenges (adding cultural diversity information into curriculum; attending English proficiency with others in the class; using different communication techniques; continuous collaboration with the University's Office of Global Affairs for the Visa application process; providing interactive experiences). All participants rated their engagement in the program as very satisfactory (Mean = 4.67, SD = 0.50), and highly impacted their nursing skills in research, teaching, and clinical practice (Mean = 4.67, SD = 0.50).ConclusionsAll the participants have gained some experience in this program, which can be used for future teaching guidance. Further, international nursing students need assistance to adjust and thrive in the host university learning community. Faculty must be culturally sensitive, understand the visiting foreign nursing student' learning needs, and advocate for an environment suitable for enhancing the students' learning.
| S-EPMC10859586 | biostudies-literature
Project description:In this opinion paper, I argue that the Covid-19 pandemic, as tragic and disastrous as it undoubtedly is, has also given us a rare opportunity to deeply examine the research and practice of information management in particular and information systems in general. To cope with the pandemic, we have retreated to the digital world and drastically changed the way we work. Yet these very practices can well shape the way we work in the post-pandemic world. Moreover, the pandemic is also a sharp lens through which we can study deep-rooted theoretical issues that otherwise would not have surfaced, or at least remained in the background. My call to the research community is to seize this rare opportunity.
| S-EPMC7261442 | biostudies-literature
Project description:This study evaluates the effect of an integrated health care educational program on several behavioral changes related to environmental health among Laotian students. Students in the experimental group received education concerning environmental health-related issues, including air pollution and chemical exposure. Analyses of covariance (ANCOVA) and paired t-tests were conducted for the statistical analysis of the pre- and post-survey scores. The post-test scores of the experimental group regarding their risk perception and information-seeking behaviors towards air pollution and chemical exposure were higher than those of the control group after controlling for the pre-test scores. Moreover, in the experimental group, the girls' risk perception scores significantly increased after receiving the education, which was not observed in the control group. The risk perception score among non-drinking students also significantly increased after the program. These results indicate that the education program effectively enhanced the students' risk perception, especially that of girls and nondelinquent students.
| S-EPMC7400243 | biostudies-literature