Dataset Information

Association between lifestyle modifications and improvement of early cardiac damage in children and adolescents with excess weight and/or high blood pressure.

ABSTRACT:

Background

It is not known whether, in children and adolescents with alterations in weight and/or blood pressure (BP), lifestyle modifications are associated with an improvement of early cardiac damage.

Methods

In a pediatric population referred for excess weight, high BP, or both (n = 278, 10.6 (2.3) years), echocardiography was performed at enrollment and after 15 months of follow-up, during which participants received nonpharmacological treatment, based on correcting unhealthy lifestyles and improving dietary habits. Left ventricular mass was indexed for height (g/m^2.7, LVMI), and an LVMI value higher than or equal to age- and gender-specific 95^th percentile was the criterion for defining left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH). Multiple linear and logistic regression analyses were carried out to determine associations between changes in BMI and BP z-scores and changes of LVMI values and LVH prevalence, from baseline to follow-up.

Results

At baseline, 33.1% of study participants were hypertensive, 52.9% obese, and 36.3% had LVH. At follow-up, the prevalence of hypertension, obesity, and LVH was 18.7%, 30.2%, and 22.3%, respectively (p < 0.001 for all). A decrease in LVMI from 37.1 to 35.2 g/m^2.7 (p < 0.001) was observed. Only delta BMI z-score positively related to an improvement of LVMI. Reductions of BMI (OR = 0.22, 95% CI 0.07-0.64) and diastolic BP (OR = 0.64, 95% CI 0.42-0.93) z-scores from baseline to follow-up and family history of hypertension (OR = 0.36, 95% CI 0.16-0.78) were associated with a lower prevalence of LVH.

Conclusions

In a pediatric population at cardiovascular risk, changing incorrect lifestyle and dietary habits is associated with both reduction of BMI and BP values and regression of early cardiac damage. A higher resolution version of the Graphical abstract is available as Supplementary information.

SUBMITTER: Genovesi S

PROVIDER: S-EPMC10584714 | biostudies-literature | 2023 Dec

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Publications

Association between lifestyle modifications and improvement of early cardiac damage in children and adolescents with excess weight and/or high blood pressure.

Genovesi Simonetta S Tassistro Elena E Giussani Marco M Antolini Laura L Lieti Giulia G Orlando Antonina A Montemerlo Massimo M Patti Ilenia I Parati Gianfranco G

Pediatric nephrology (Berlin, Germany) 20230622 12

<h4>Background</h4>It is not known whether, in children and adolescents with alterations in weight and/or blood pressure (BP), lifestyle modifications are associated with an improvement of early cardiac damage.<h4>Methods</h4>In a pediatric population referred for excess weight, high BP, or both (n = 278, 10.6 (2.3) years), echocardiography was performed at enrollment and after 15 months of follow-up, during which participants received nonpharmacological treatment, based on correcting unhealthy ...[more]

PMID: 37349569

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Project description:Introduction:Weekend oversleep or catchup sleep is a frequent occurrence in children, but there are relatively little data concerning its impact on weight and blood pressure. The aim of this study was to assess the association between sleep duration and oversleep, and weight and blood pressure in adolescents. Methods:Sleep duration, weight and blood pressure of 327 children (51.4% boys, mean age 13.3 ± 1.7 years) who had polysomnograms performed during both exam cycles of the Tucson Children's Assessment of Sleep Apnea study (TuCASA) were analyzed. Sleep duration on school nights and non-school nights was used to compute a weighted average of child and parent reported overall sleep duration respectively. Oversleep was defined as the difference between self and parent reported weekend sleep and weekday sleep separately. Simple correlations between overall sleep duration, sleep on school and non-school nights and oversleep, and blood pressure, standardized body mass index (BMI), snoring, respiratory disturbance index (RDI) and age were calculated. Significant bivariate associations then were used to develop multivariate partial correlation models. Results:Unadjusted negative correlations with BMI were noted for parent reported total sleep duration at the 1st exam cycle, parent and child reported total sleep and school night sleep duration, and parent reported non-school night sleep duration at the 2nd exam cycle. Additionally, for BMI, positive correlations were observed for log RDI at both exam cycles and snoring at the 2nd exam cycle. For blood pressure, there were positive associations with age, parent reported oversleep, caffeine consumption and snoring. Additionally, for blood pressure, negative relationships were observed with parent reported total sleep duration at the 1st exam cycle, and parent and child reported total sleep and school night sleep durations at the 2nd exam cycle. Partial correlations found that BMI was negatively correlated with parent reported total sleep duration at the 1st exam cycle and parent reported total sleep duration at the 2nd exam cycle, and positively correlated with snoring and log RDI at both exam cycles. Systolic blood pressure was only associated with age and snoring. Diastolic blood pressure was positively correlated with age and caffeine consumption, and negatively correlated with parent reported total and school night sleep duration. Oversleep and child reported sleep duration were not represented in any of these models. Conclusion:Lower amounts of sleep especially on school nights is associated with higher body weight and blood pressure. Oversleep was not associated with either body weight or blood pressure.

Dataset Information

Association between lifestyle modifications and improvement of early cardiac damage in children and adolescents with excess weight and/or high blood pressure.

Background

Methods

Results

Conclusions

Publications

Association between lifestyle modifications and improvement of early cardiac damage in children and adolescents with excess weight and/or high blood pressure.

Similar Datasets

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