Unveiling the Enigma: Exploring capsular contracture–Unraveling its link with autoimmune disorders and comprehensive examination of predisposing factors
Ontology highlight
ABSTRACT:
SUBMITTER: Ghosh B
PROVIDER: S-EPMC10914416 | biostudies-literature | 2024 Feb
REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature
Similar Datasets
Project description: Not available
| S-EPMC11842228 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Bone morphogenetic proteins are a diverse group of morphogens with influences not only on bone tissue, as the nomenclature suggests, but on multiple tissues in the body and often at crucial and influential periods in development. The purpose of this review is to identify and discuss current knowledge of one vertebrate BMP, Bone Morphogenetic Protein 13 (BMP13), from a variety of research fields, in order to clarify BMP13's functional contribution to developing and maintaining healthy tissues, and to identify potential future research directions for this intriguing morphogen. BMP13 is highly evolutionarily conserved (active domain >95%) across diverse species from Zebrafish to humans, suggesting a crucial function. In addition, mutations in BMP13 have recently been associated with Klippel-Feil Syndrome, causative of numerous skeletal and developmental defects including spinal disc fusion. The specific nature of BMP13's crucial function is, however, not yet known.The literature for BMP13 is focused largely on its activity in the healing of tendon-like tissues, or in comparisons with other BMP family molecules for whom a clear function in embryo development or osteogenic differentiation has been identified. There is a paucity of detailed information regarding BMP13 protein activity, structure or protein processing. Whilst some activity in the stimulation of osteogenic or cartilaginous gene expression has been reported, and BMP13 expression is found in post natal cartilage and tendon tissues, there appears to be a redundancy of function in the BMP family, with several members capable of stimulating similar tissue responses. This review aims to summarise the known or potential role(s) for BMP13 in a variety of biological systems.
| S-EPMC2536705 | biostudies-literature
Project description:BackgroundSubfascial breast augmentation is a technique originally developed to reduce the risks of capsular contracture while decreasing the postoperative pain associated with subpectoral augmentation. It was pioneered in Brazil by Dr. Graf and others, and recently this technique has gained interest in the aesthetic world.ObjectivesThe goal of this study was to provide a systematic analysis of subfascial breast augmentation to assess the combined reported rates of capsular contracture, animation deformity and complications.MethodsThe PubMed, Embase, and Web of Science databases were searched for the use of the subfascial plane for breast augmentation. We included studies that reported on capsular contracture and other outcomes following subfascial breast augmentation.ResultsThrough the initial search, 26 articles were identified. Of which, 22 were included in the final study. A total of 3743 patients were identified across these studies with a total number of 38 cases of capsular contracture representing a rate of 1.01% of capsular contracture. Several articles reported on demographics, perioperative and long-term complications, and outcomes with regards to the aesthetic outcome from the surgeon's perspective. Several infections were reported representing a rate of 0.1%. Animation deformity was not reported, although rippling was occasionally reported as was malrotation, axillary banding, sensory deficit, and asymmetry. Subfascial breast augmentation appears to have a low complication rate and an extremely low rate of capsular contracture at approximately 1%.ConclusionsSubfascial breast augmentation may provide the benefits of low rates of capsular contracture while avoiding the discomfort and future animation deformity of subpectoral augmentation.Level of evidence 4
| S-EPMC7671235 | biostudies-literature
Project description:BackgroundDiffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) represents the most prevalent form of aggressive non-Hodgkin lymphoma. Despite receiving standard treatment, a subset of patients undergoes refractory or recurrent cases, wherein the involvement of cancer stem cells (CSCs) could be significant.MethodsWe comprehensively characterized B cell subpopulations using single-cell RNA sequencing data from three DLBCL samples and one normal lymph tissue. The CopyKat R package was employed to assess the malignancy of B cell subpopulations based on chromosomal copy number variations. CIBERSORTx software was utilized to estimate the proportions of B cell subpopulations in 230 DLBCL tissues. Furthermore, we employed the pySCENIC to identify key transcription factors that regulate the functionality of B cell subpopulations. By employing CellphoneDB, we elucidated the interplay among tumor microenvironment components within the B cell subpopulations. Finally, we validated our findings through immunofluorescence experiments.ResultsOur analysis revealed a specific cancer stem cell-like B cell subpopulation exhibiting self-renewal and multilineage differentiation capabilities based on the exploration of B cell subpopulations in DLBCL and normal lymph tissues at the single-cell level. Notably, a high infiltration of cancer stem cell-like B cells correlated with a poor prognosis, potentially due to immune evasion mediated by low expression of major histocompatibility complex molecules. Furthermore, we identified key transcription factor regulatory networks regulated by HMGB3, SAP30, and E2F8, which likely played crucial roles in the functional characterization of the cancer stem cell-like B cell subpopulation. The existence of cancer stem cell-like B cells in DLBCL was validated through immunofluorescent staining. Finally, cell communication between B cells and tumor-infiltrating T cell subgroups provided further insights into the functional characterization of the cancer stem cell-like B cell subpopulation.ConclusionsOur research provides a systematic description of a specific cancer stem cell-like B cell subpopulation associated with a poor prognosis in DLBCL. This study enhances our understanding of CSCs and identifies potential therapeutic targets for refractory or recurrent DLBCL patients.
| S-EPMC10750418 | biostudies-literature
Project description: Not available
| S-EPMC8343468 | biostudies-literature
Project description:BackgroundCapsular contracture is a critical complication of silicone implantation caused by fibrotic tissue formation from excessive foreign body responses. Various approaches have been applied, but targeting the mechanisms of capsule formation has not been completely solved. Myofibroblast differentiation through the transforming growth factor beta (TGF-β)/p-SMADs signaling is one of the key factors for capsular contracture development. In addition, biofilm formation on implants may result chronic inflammation promoting capsular fibrosis formation with subsequent contraction. To date, there have been no approaches targeting multi-facted mechanisms of capsular contracture development.MethodsIn this study, we developed a multi-targeting nitric oxide (NO) releasing bionanomatrix coating to reduce capsular contracture formation by targeting myofibroblast differentiation, inflammatory responses, and infections. First, we characterized the bionanomatrix coating on silicon implants by conducting rheology test, scanning electron microcsopy analysis, nanoindentation analysis, and NO release kinetics evaluation. In addition, differentiated monocyte adhesion and S. epidermidis biofilm formation on bionanomatrix coated silicone implants were evaluated in vitro. Bionanomatrix coated silicone and uncoated silicone groups were subcutaneously implanted into a mouse model for evaluation of capsular contracture development for a month. Fibrosis formation, capsule thickness, TGF-β/SMAD 2/3 signaling cascade, NO production, and inflammatory cytokine production were evaluated using histology, immunofluorescent imaging analysis, and gene and protein expression assays.ResultsThe bionanomatrix coating maintained a uniform and smooth surface on the silicone even after mechanical stress conditions. In addition, the bionanomatrix coating showed sustained NO release for at least one month and reduction of differentiated monocyte adhesion and S. epidermidis biofilm formation on the silicone implants in vitro. In in vivo implantation studies, the bionanomatrix coated groups demonstrated significant reduction of capsule thickness surrounding the implants. This result was due to a decrease of myofibroblast differentiation and fibrous extracellular matrix production through inhibition of the TGF-β/p-SMADs signaling. Also, the bionanomatrix coated groups reduced gene expression of M1 macrophage markers and promoted M2 macrophage markers which indicated the bionanomatrix could reduce inflammation but promote healing process.ConclusionsIn conclusion, the bionanomatrix coating significantly reduced capsular contracture formation and promoted healing process on silicone implants by reducing myfibroblast differentiation, fibrotic tissue formation, and inflammation. A multi-targeting nitric oxide releasing bionanomatrix coating for silicone implant can reduce capsular contracture and improve healing process. The bionanomatrix coating reduces capsule thickness, α-smooth muscle actin and collagen synthesis, and myofibroblast differentiation through inhibition of TGF-β/SMADs signaling cascades in the subcutaneous mouse models for a month.
| S-EPMC10122329 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Background:The Poly Implant Prothèse (PIP) implants were withdrawn from the market in 2010 due to the use of low-grade silicone, causing a high risk for implant rupture. The aim of this study was to investigate the implant dynamics of PIP breast implants, as well as to determine the rate and predictors of implant gel bleeding, rupture, and capsular contracture in PIP implants. Methods:Eighty women with a total of 152 PIP implants who underwent a reoperation in 2012 were enrolled in this study. Physical investigation included assessing the Baker score and demographics were retrospectively traced in medical records. The pre- and post-operative volumes of the implants were calculated and their state was determined intraoperatively by the surgeon. Results:The implants were removed after a mean implant duration of 11?±?2.1 years. Gel bleed and implant rupture occurred in respectively 42 and 25% of the implants. Intact implants had post-operative volume increase as well as decrease. There was a correlation between gel bleeding and more post-operative implant volume increase (P???0.05). Capsular contracture had a protective effect against post-operative implant volume increase (P???0.05), while a post-operative implant volume increase provided a protective influence in developing capsular contracture (P???0.05). Additionally, implant rupture led to a higher risk of capsular contracture (P???0.05). Conclusions:We managed to illustrate that PIP implant shells were too permeable and that there is a correlation between gel bleeding and the increase of the post-operative implant volume. Implant rupture led to a higher risk for developing capsular contracture.Level of evidence: Level III, risk / prognostic study.
| S-EPMC6153863 | biostudies-other
Project description:Capsular contracture (CC) is the most relevant complication of both aesthetic and reconstructive breast implant surgery. For many years, experimental and clinical trials have attempted to analyze CC risk factors, clinical features, and appropriate management strategies. It is commonly accepted that a multifactorial etiology promotes CC development. However, the heterogeneity in patients, implants and surgical techniques make it difficult to suitably compare or analyze specific factors. As a consequence, discordant data are present in literature, and a true systematic review is often limited in its conclusions. Hence, we decided to present a comprehensive review of current theories on prevention and management strategies, rather than a specific "solution" to this complication.MethodsThe PubMed database was searched for literature regarding CC prevention and management strategies. Pertinent articles in English, published before December 1, 2022, were compared with selection criteria and eventually included in this review.ResultsThrough the initial search, 97 articles were identified, of which 38 were included in the final study. Several articles explored different medical and surgical preventive and therapeutic strategies, showing numerous controversies on appropriate CC management.ConclusionsThis review provides a clear overview of the complexity of CC. The wide variety of clinical situations in term of patients, implants, and surgical techniques prevent the standardization of CC management strategies. By contrast, a patient-customized approach should be preferred, and different strategies should be considered depending on the specific case. Further research is desirable to better ascertain evidence-based protocols with regard to CC prevention and treatment.
| S-EPMC10256414 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Fibrosis has been considered as a major cause of capsular contracture. Hypoxia has widely emerged as one of the driving factors for fibrotic diseases. The aim of this study was to examine the association between hypoxia-induced fibrosis and breast capsular contracture formation. Fibrosis, epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), expression levels of hypoxia-inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α), vimentin, fibronectin, and matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) in tissues from patients with capsular contracture were determined according to the Baker classification system. Normal breast skin cells in patients with capsular contracture after implant-based breast surgery and NIH3T3 mouse fibroblasts were cultured with cobalt chloride (CoCl2) to mimic hypoxic conditions. Treatment responses were determined by detecting the expression of HIF-1α, vimentin, fibronectin, N-cadherin, snail, twist, occludin, MMP-9, tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase-1 (TIMP-1) and -2, as well as phosphorylated ERK. The expression levels of HIF-1α, vimentin, fibronectin, and fibrosis as well as EMT were positively correlated with the severity of capsular contracture. MMP-9 expression was negatively correlated the Baker score. Hypoxia up-regulated the expression of HIF-1α, vimentin, fibronectin, N-cadherin, snail, twist, TIMP-1 and -2, as well as phosphorylated ERK in normal breast skin cells and NIH3T3. Nonetheless, the expression levels of MMP-9 and occludin were down-regulated in response to CoCl2 treatment. This study is the first to demonstrate the association of hypoxia-induced fibrosis and capsular contracture.
| S-EPMC6635377 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Capsular contracture (CC) is one of the most common post-operative complication associated with breast-implant associated infections. The mechanisms that lead to CC remain poorly understood. Plasma is an ideal biospecimen for early proteomics biomarker discovery. However, as higher-abundant proteins mask signals from low-abundance proteins, the identification of novel or specific proteins as biomarkers for a particular disease has been hampered. Here, we employed depletion of high-abundance plasma proteins followed by Tandem Mass Tag (TMT)-based quantitative proteomics to compare 10 healthy control patients against 10 breast implant CC patients. A total of 450 proteins were identified from these samples, 43 of which were significantly (p < 0.05) identified in this study. Among them 16 proteins were significantly differentially expressed in which 5 proteins were upregulated and 11 downregulated in breast implant CC patients compared to healthy controls. GO enrichment analysis revealed that proteins related to cell, cellular processes and catalytic activity were highest in the cellular component, biological process, and molecular function categories, respectively. Further, pathway analysis revealed that inflammatory responses, focal adhesion, platelet activation, complement and coagulation cascades were enriched pathways. The differentially expressed proteins from TMT-based quantitative proteomics has the potential to provide important information for future mechanistic studies and in the development of breast implant CC biomarkers
2024-10-17 | PXD044649 | Pride