Dataset Information

Opioid Prescription and Long-Term Survival Outcomes in Adults: A Nationwide Cohort Study in Korea.

ABSTRACT:

Background

We aimed to investigate the association between short- and long-term opioid use and long-term mortality in Korea.

Methods

In this population-based retrospective cohort study, data were obtained from the National Health Insurance Service of South Korea. The study included all adult individuals who were prescribed opioids in 2016. The control group comprised adults not prescribed opioids in 2016 selected using a 1:1 stratified random sampling technique. Participants were categorized into three groups: non-user, opioid 1-89 days user (short-term), and opioid ≥ 90 days user (long-term) groups. The primary endpoint in this study was 5-year all-cause mortality, evaluated from January 1, 2017 to December 31, 2021.

Results

In total, 4,556,606 adults were included in this study. Of these, 2,070,039 were prescribed opioids at least once. Specifically, 1,592,883 adult individuals were prescribed opioids for 1-89 days, while 477,156 adults were prescribed opioid for ≥ 90 days. In the multivariable Cox regression modelling, the opioid user group had a 28% (hazard ratio [HR], 1.28; 95% confidence interval [95% CI], 1.26-1.29; P < 0.001) higher risk of 5-year all-cause mortality than had the non-user group. Moreover, the opioid 1-89 days and opioid ≥ 90 days user groups had 15% (HR, 1.15; 95% CI, 1.14-1.17; P < 0.001) and 49% (HR, 1.49; 95% CI, 1.47-1.51; P < 0.001) higher risks of 5-year all-cause mortality than had the non-user group, respectively.

Conclusion

Both short and long-term opioid prescriptions were associated with increased long-term mortality among the Korean adult population.

SUBMITTER: Oh TK

PROVIDER: S-EPMC10927394 | biostudies-literature | 2024 Mar

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Publications

Opioid Prescription and Long-Term Survival Outcomes in Adults: A Nationwide Cohort Study in Korea.

Oh Tak Kyu TK Song In-Ae IA

Journal of Korean medical science 20240311 9

<h4>Background</h4>We aimed to investigate the association between short- and long-term opioid use and long-term mortality in Korea.<h4>Methods</h4>In this population-based retrospective cohort study, data were obtained from the National Health Insurance Service of South Korea. The study included all adult individuals who were prescribed opioids in 2016. The control group comprised adults not prescribed opioids in 2016 selected using a 1:1 stratified random sampling technique. Participants were ...[more]

PMID: 38469961

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Project description:ImportanceAndrogen deficiency is common among male opioid users, and opioid use has emerged as a common antecedent of testosterone treatment. The long-term health outcomes associated with testosterone therapy remain unknown, however.ObjectiveTo compare health outcomes between long-term opioid users with testosterone deficiency who filled testosterone prescriptions and those with the same condition but who did not receive testosterone treatment.Design, setting, and participantsThis cohort study focused on men in the care of the Veterans Health Administration (VHA) facilities throughout the United States from October 1, 2008, to September 30, 2014. It included male veterans who were long-term opioid users, had low testosterone levels (<300 ng/dL), and received either a testosterone prescription or any other prescription. It excluded male patients with HIV infection, gender dysphoria, or prostate cancer and those who received testosterone in fiscal year 2008. Data were analyzed from April 1, 2017, to April 30, 2019.ExposurePrescription for testosterone.Main outcomes and measuresAll-cause mortality and incidence of major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE), vertebral or femoral fractures, and anemia during the 6-year follow-up through September 30, 2015.ResultsAfter exclusions, 21 272 long-term opioid users (mean [SD] age, 53 [10] years; n = 16 689 [78.5%] white) with low total or free testosterone levels were included for analysis, of whom 14 121 (66.4%) received testosterone and 7151 (33.6%) did not. At baseline, compared with opioid users who did not receive testosterone, long-term opioid users who received testosterone treatment were more likely to have obesity (43.7% vs 49.0%; P < .001), hyperlipidemia (43.0% vs 48.8%; P < .001), and hypertension (53.9% vs 55.2%; P = .07) but had lower prevalence of coronary artery disease (15.9% vs 12.9%; P < .001) and stroke (2.4% vs 1.3%; P < .001). After adjusting for covariates, opioid users who received testosterone had significantly lower all-cause mortality (hazard ratio [HR] = 0.51; 95% CI, 0.42-0.61) and lower incidence of MACE (HR = 0.58; 95% CI, 0.51-0.67), femoral or hip fractures (HR = 0.68; 95% CI, 0.48-0.96), and anemia (HR = 0.73; 95% CI, 0.68-0.79) during the follow-up period of up to 6 years, compared with their counterparts without a testosterone prescription. In covariate-adjusted models, men who received opioids plus testosterone were more likely to have resolved anemia compared with those who received opioids only during the 6-year follow-up (HR = 1.16; 95% CI, 1.02-1.31). Similar results were obtained in propensity score-matched models and when analyses were restricted to opioid users with noncancer pain or those who did not receive glucocorticoids.Conclusions and relevanceThis study found that, in the VHA system, male long-term opioid users with testosterone deficiency who were treated with opioid and testosterone medications had significantly lower all-cause mortality and significantly lower incidence of MACE, femoral or hip fractures, and anemia after a multiyear follow-up. These results warrant confirmation through a randomized clinical trial to ascertain the efficacy of testosterone in improving health outcomes for opioid users with androgen deficiency.

Project description:BackgroundLong-term survival after single-ventricle palliation and the effect of dominant ventricle morphology in large, unselected series of patients are scarcely reported.Methods and resultsThis nationwide cohort study included all children undergoing operation with single-ventricle palliation during their first year of life in Sweden between January 1994 and December 2019. Data were obtained from institutional records and assessment of underlying cardiac anomaly and dominant ventricular morphology was based on complete review of medical records, surgical reports, and echocardiographic examinations. Data on vital status and date of death were retrieved from the Swedish Cause of Death Register, allowing for complete data on survival. Among 766 included patients, 333 patients (43.5%) were classified as having left or biventricular dominance, and 432 patients (56.4%) as having right ventricular (RV) dominance (of whom 231 patients had hypoplastic left heart syndrome). Follow-up was 98.7% complete (10 patients emigrated). Mean follow-up was 11.3 years (maximum, 26.7 years). Long-term survival was significantly higher in patients with left ventricular compared with RV dominance (10-year survival: 91.0% [95% CI, 87.3%-93.6%] versus 71.1% [95% CI, 66.4%-75.2%]). RV dominance had a significant impact on outcomes after first-stage palliation but was also associated with impaired survival after completed total cavopulmonary connection. In total, 34 (4.4%) patients underwent heart transplantation. Of these 34 patients, 25 (73.5%) had predominant RV morphology.ConclusionsThis study provides clinically relevant knowledge about the long-term prognosis in patients with different underlying cardiac anomalies undergoing single-ventricle palliation. RV dominance had a significant impact on outcomes after initial surgical treatment but was also associated with impaired survival after completed Fontan circulation.RegistrationURL: https://www.clinicaltrials.gov; Unique identifier: NCT03356574.

Dataset Information

Opioid Prescription and Long-Term Survival Outcomes in Adults: A Nationwide Cohort Study in Korea.

Background

Methods

Results

Conclusion

Publications

Opioid Prescription and Long-Term Survival Outcomes in Adults: A Nationwide Cohort Study in Korea.

Similar Datasets

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