Effectiveness of continuous allergenic food intake for acute food protein–induced enterocolitis syndrome
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ABSTRACT:
SUBMITTER: Hamada M
PROVIDER: S-EPMC10951517 | biostudies-literature | 2024 Feb
REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature
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Project description:The oral food challenge test (OFC) is the gold standard for evaluating the remission of food protein-induced enterocolitis syndrome (FPIES). Few acute FPIES remissions confirmed by OFC were reported. This study aimed to examine the OFC for Japanese children with acute FPIES to evaluate its remission. A retrospective cohort study was performed on children with acute FPIES with remission evaluation by OFC based on one food challenge dose (1/50, 1/10, 1/2, and full dose per day). Acute FPIES remission was observed in 65.2% of patients (15/23 patients). Vomiting episodes occurred with 1/50 full doses on the first day among 75% of positive patients. The median duration between the onset and OFC was 14 months (IQR, 8-24 months). Soy was the most common causative food, followed by egg yolk, milk, and wheat. All patients could receive OFC safely without intensive care unit care, based on the FPIES OFC protocol. The remission rate of acute FPIES was high. However, vomiting episodes commonly occurred with 1/50 full doses on the first day. This study suggested that our OFC protocol for acute FPIES was safe and feasible, but it might be safer for some patients to start at a minimal loading dose.
| S-EPMC9570973 | biostudies-literature
Project description: Not available
| S-EPMC11831709 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Reports of food protein-induced enterocolitis syndrome (FPIES) in Japan have been increasing. However, the disease itself and the treatment options are poorly understood by both patients and medical professionals. The objective of this study is to develop an action plan for acute FPIES in Japan. We prepared a single-sheet action plan that describes the management of acute FPIES episodes for caregivers on one side and medical professionals on the reverse side. To evaluate the content of the action plan, we distributed a questionnaire to caregivers of patients with FPIES and to physicians who would encounter patients with FPIES. Changes to the FPIES action plan were made based on the feedback from the participants. The Delphi method was utilized to finalize the action plan. The participants of the initial survey found the action plan to be useful but the process for determining severity to be impractical. After discussion, the authors made appropriate improvements. By the Delphi method, consensus was reached on the revised FPIES action plan. In conclusion, this Japanese FPIES action plan was created by physicians from multiple subspecialties and caregivers of patients with FPIES. The action plan may improve the management of acute FPIES reactions in the Japanese community.
| S-EPMC10282562 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Food protein-induced enterocolitis syndrome (FPIES) is a non-IgE-mediated gastrointestinal food-induced hypersensitivity disorder that occurs mostly in infants. Long considered a rare disease, a recent increase in physician awareness and publication of diagnosis of guidelines has resulted in an increase in recognized FPIES cases. We aimed to conduct a systematic review of FPIES studies in the past 10 years. A search was conducted on PubMed and Embase in March 2022. Our systematic review focused on 2 domains: (1) the most reported FPIES food triggers; and (2) the resolution rate and median age at resolution of patients with FPIES. We found that cow's milk was the most reported trigger globally. Patterns of the most common triggers varied by country, with fish being one of the most common triggers in the Mediterranean region. We also found that the rate and median age of resolution varied by trigger. Patients with FPIES to cow's milk acquired tolerance at a younger age (most by age 3 years), while fish-FPIES was more persistent (mean resolution by age 37 months-7 years). Overall, many studies found a resolution rate of 60% for any food.
| S-EPMC10273880 | biostudies-literature
Project description:BackgroundFood protein-induced enterocolitis syndrome (FPIES) is a non-IgE-mediated food allergy of infancy whose pathophysiology is poorly understood.ObjectivesWe set out to identify and phenotype allergen-responsive cells in peripheral blood of a cohort of subjects undergoing supervised food challenge for FPIES.MethodsWe profiled antigen-responsive cells in PBMCs by flow cytometry, and examined cells in whole blood obtained before and after challenge by CyTOF mass cytometry and RNAseq.ResultsUsing a CD154-based detection approach, we observed that milk, soy, or rice-responsive T cells, and TNF-α-producing CD154+ T cells, were significantly lower in those with outgrown FPIES compared with those with active FPIES. However, levels were within the normal range and were inconsistent with a role in the pathophysiology of FPIES. Profiling of whole blood by CyTOF demonstrated profound activation of cells of the innate immune system after food challenge, including monocytes, neutrophils, natural killer cells, and eosinophils. Activation was not observed in children with outgrown FPIES. We confirmed this pattern of innate immune activation in a larger cohort by RNAseq. Furthermore, we observed pan-T-cell activation and redistribution from the circulation after a positive food challenge but not in those who had outgrown their FPIES.ConclusionsOur data demonstrate a compelling role of systemic innate immune activation in adverse reactions elicited by foods in FPIES. Further investigation is needed to identify the mechanism of antigen specificity of adverse reactions to foods in FPIES.
| S-EPMC5461215 | biostudies-literature
Project description:BackgroundThere is a paucity of data on predictors of clinical history in oral food challenge (OFC) outcome for the initial diagnosis of food protein-induced enterocolitis syndrome (FPIES).ObjectiveThis study aimed to identify predictors for the diagnosis of FPIES.MethodsThe study included patients who underwent OFC to diagnose FPIES from 2010 to 2021. Patients with a positive OFC result were classified as belonging to the FPIES group, and those with negative OFC result within 120 days from the last symptomatic episode were classified as belonging to the no-allergy (NA) group. Background factors were analyzed in the groups.ResultsA total of 50 OFCs to 12 different foods were conducted in 50 patients. Of those 50 patients, 30 were classified as belonging to the FPIES group. No significant difference was observed between the FPIES and NA groups with respect to background factors, including the features of symptomatic episodes and examinations of immediate-type allergy. A history of asymptomatic ingestion was observed in 23 of 24 and 13 of 19 patients in the FPIES and NA groups, respectively; thus, it was significantly more common in patients with FPIES. The diagnostic rate of patients with fewer than 3 symptomatic episodes was 52%, and that of patients with 3 episodes or more was 75%, not considering a patient without available data.ConclusionsA definite diagnosis of FPIES should be based on OFC, as there are no predictors for OFC positivity other than a history of asymptomatic ingestion. The absence of asymptomatic ingestion history was a negative predictor for the diagnosis of FPIES.
| S-EPMC10509941 | biostudies-literature
Project description:BackgroundFood protein-induced enterocolitis (FPIES), an entity previously thought to only affect children, has been increasingly described in adults. In this study, we report a Canadian cohort of 19 adolescents and adults with recurrent non-immunoglobulin E (IgE)-mediated gastrointestinal symptoms after crustacean ingestion, consistent with FPIES.MethodsWe conducted a retrospective chart review of patients in an outpatient allergy clinic from January 2005 to May 2020. Electronic records were searched using keywords for crustaceans and for symptoms consistent with FPIES. We included patients with gastrointestinal symptoms specifically to crustaceans on more than one occasion, who were 14 years or older at the time of index reaction. Exclusion criteria included symptoms suggestive of an IgE-mediated anaphylactic reaction or a likely alternative diagnosis. We identified 19 patients for our cohort who met the criteria.ResultsOur cohort was 68.4% female (13) and 32.6% (6) male. The average age at first reaction to crustaceans was 34 years old with a range of 14-68 years (median = 28 years; IQR = 32 years). Time from ingestion to beginning of symptoms ranged from 3 min to 6.5 h, with an average of 2.8 h (median = 2 h; IQR = 3.25 h). Duration of reaction ranged from less than a minute to over 48 h, with a mean of 9.4 h (median = 4 h; IQR = 7.75 h). Patients had 4.8 reactions on average; however, number of reactions ranged from 2 to 12.5 (median = 3, IQR = 3). All patients identified a "trigger" food in the crustacean group, and 12 subjects identified additional reactions to other seafood.ConclusionsThis case series will better characterize and advance our understanding of this disease entity in adults. There are key differences in the presentation of FPIES in adults compared to children, namely female predominance, difference in solid food trigger, and unpredictable time course. Future studies are needed to examine the pathophysiology and natural history of adult FPIES. Specific guidelines should be developed for the diagnosis and management in adults.Trial registrationretrospectively registered.
| S-EPMC7659059 | biostudies-literature
Project description:When bloody stools occur in a very-low-birth-weight infant in the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU), necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) is a prime consideration, though food protein-induced enterocolitis syndrome (FPIES) can be causative and is difficult to distinguish from NEC. Food allergy is an adverse reaction following exposure to food due to an abnormal immunologic response to food, and cow's milk allergy (CMA) is the most likely form of food allergy in infants. The clinical features and proper management of patients with FPIES are important to differentiate FPIES from NEC. However, there are very few study reports of preterm infants presenting with food allergy-induced enterocolitis after NEC. Here, we report a case of a very-low-birth-weight infant born at 28 weeks of gestational age who developed recurrent episodes of bloody stools when he was fed cow's milk or given breast milk fortified with milk after NEC recovery on day of life (DOL) 29, 46, and 54. A male preterm infant born at 28 weeks of gestational age presented with bloody stools on DOL 7. He was diagnosed with early-onset NEC with abdominal tenderness, sluggish bowel sounds, increased C-reactive protein (CRP) level and pneumatosis intestinalis (PI). After recovery from NEC on DOL 20, the infant developed three recurrent episodes of bloody stools after being fed cow's milk or breast milk fortified with dairy milk. He was suspected of having recurrent episodes of NEC, but the infant was fairly healthy and did not present abdominal tenderness or abnormal bowel sounds on physical examination. Consecutive blood tests revealed normal CRP levels and increasing eosinophil levels. Abdominal radiograph revealed mild thickening of the small bowel, with no evidence of PI. The infant was finally diagnosed with FPIES in addition to NEC. After the infant received hydrolyzed formula, the bloody stool symptoms were finally resolved. Our case suggests that infants with recurrent episodes of bloody stools with increasing systemic eosinophils count should be considered for the diagnosis of FPIES with cow's milk formula. Rapid improvement and non-progression of systemic symptoms and signs after removing exposure to milk protein may differentiate FPIES from NEC.
| S-EPMC8192982 | biostudies-literature
Project description:BackgroundFood protein-induced enterocolitis syndrome (FPIES) is a form of non-IgE-mediated gastrointestinal food allergy. Insufficient data exist in regard to gastrointestinal history and outcome, particularly comorbidity, family history, food aversion, and poor body weight gain.ObjectiveWe sought to identify the gastrointestinal outcomes and related risk factors in FPIES.MethodsWe analyzed the clinical features and gastrointestinal outcomes of patients with FPIES retrospectively at 4 hospitals in Boston.ResultsTwo hundred three patients with FPIES were identified, including 180 only with acute FPIES, 8 with chronic FPIES, and 15 with both. Oat (34.5%), rice (29.6%), and cow's milk (19.2%) were the most common food triggers. The prevalence rates of personal history with allergic proctocolitis (23.2%) and family history with inflammatory bowel diseases (9.4%) and celiac disease (7.3%) were higher than those in the general population. Compared with patients with FPIES with 1 or 2 food triggers, the risk of developing food aversion increased in cases triggered by 3 or more foods (adjusted odds ratio, 3.07; 95% CI, 1.38-6.82; P = .006). The risk of poor body weight gain increased in FPIES triggered by cow's milk (adjusted odds ratio, 3.41; 95% CI, 1.21-9.63; P = .02) and banana (adjusted odds ratio, 7.63; 95% CI, 2.10-27.80; P = .002).ConclusionsGastrointestinal comorbidities and family history were common in patients with FPIES. Patients with FPIES with 3 or more triggers were at risk of food aversion. Patients with FPIES with cow's milk and banana as triggers were at risk of poor body weight gain.
| S-EPMC8360679 | biostudies-literature
Project description:BackgroundThe microbiome associations of food protein-induced enterocolitis syndrome (FPIES) are understudied. We sought to prospectively define the clinical features of FPIES in a birth cohort, and investigate for the evidence of gut dysbiosis.MethodsWe identified children diagnosed with FPIES in the Gastrointestinal Microbiome and Allergic Proctocolitis Study, a healthy infant cohort. Children were assessed and stools were collected at each well child visit. The clinical features of the children with FPIES were summarized. Stool microbiome was analyzed using 16S rRNA sequencing comparing children with and without FPIES.ResultsOf the 874 children followed up for 3 years, 8 FPIES cases (4 male) were identified, yielding a cumulative incidence of 0.92%. The most common triggers were oat and rice (n = 3, each) followed by milk (n = 2). The children with FPIES were more likely to have family history of food allergy (50% vs. 15.9% among unaffected, p = .03). The average age of disease presentation was 6 months old. During the first 6 months of life, stool from children with FPIES contained significantly less Bifidobacterium adolescentis, but more pathobionts, including Bacteroides spp. (especially Bacteroides fragilis), Holdemania spp., Lachnobacterium spp., and Acinetobacter lwoffii. The short-chain fatty acid (SCFA)-producing Bifidobacterium shunt was expressed significantly less in the stool from FPIES children.ConclusionsIn this cohort, the cumulative incidence over the 3-year study period was 0.92%. During the first 6 months of life, children with FPIES had evidence of dysbiosis and SCFA production pathway was expressed less in their stool, which may play an important role in the pathogenesis of FPIES.
| S-EPMC10534226 | biostudies-literature