OTUB1 Promotes Glioblastoma Growth by Inhibiting the JAK2/STAT1 Signaling Pathway
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ABSTRACT:
SUBMITTER: Yang J
PROVIDER: S-EPMC11242346 | biostudies-literature | 2024 Jan
REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature
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Project description:ObjectiveThe E3 ubiquitin ligase is well recognized as a significant contributor to glioblastoma (GBM) progression and has promise as a prospective therapeutic target. This study explores the contribution of E3 ubiquitin ligase RNF122 in the GBM progression and the related molecular mechanisms.MethodsRNF122 expression levels were evaluated using qRT-PCR, WB, and IHC, while functional assays besides animal experiments were used to assess RNF122's effect on GBM progression. We also tested the RNF122 impact on JAK2/STAT3/c-Myc signaling using WB.ResultsRNF122 was upregulated in GBM and correlated to the advanced stage and poor clinical outcomes, representing an independent prognostic factor. Based on functional assays, RNF122 promotes GBM growth and cell cycle, which was validated further in subsequent analyses by JAK2/STAT3/c-Myc pathway activation. Moreover, JAK2/STAT3 signaling pathway inhibitor WP1066 can weaken the effect of overexpression RNF122 on promoting GBM progression.ConclusionOur results revealed that RNF122 caused an aggressive phenotype to GBM and was a poor prognosticator; thus, targeting RNF122 may be effectual in GBM treatment.
| S-EPMC11366496 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Background and objective: Abnormal activation of Janus kinase 2 (JAK2) promotes the pathogenesis and progress of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) by stimulating the cytokine traffic. Based on docking studies, arbutin, a natural product extracted from a traditional medicinal plant bearberry, was found to bind to JAK2. The study aimed to investigate the effects and mechanisms of regulating JAK2 by arbutin on colitis in mice. Methods: A mice colitis model was established to mimic human IBD. The mice freely drank water containing dextran sulfate sodium. Inflammation in epithelial (IEC6) and immune (RAW264.7) cells was analyzed following treatment with lipopolysaccharides (LPS). Results: Colitis symptoms, including body weight loss, increased disease activity index, and increased colon weight/length ratio, were significantly alleviated by arbutin. Mediators of colonic pro-inflammatory cytokines as well as apoptosis markers in colitis were suppressed by the glycoside. High expression of phosphorylated JAK2 in colitis was significantly reversed by arbutin. The effects of arbutin treatment on colitis were considerably inhibited by the JAK2 inhibitor AG490. LPS-induced inflammatory responses were also suppressed by arbutin, which was notably inhibited by the JAK2 inhibitor AG490. Conclusion: The findings obtained herein suggest the protective role of arbutin and provide novel insights into alternative colitis treatments, which involve inhibition of the JAK2 signaling pathway.
| S-EPMC8477021 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Cholangiocarcinoma is the most common primary malignant tumor of the bile duct. The current standard first-line treatment for advanced or metastatic cholangiocarcinoma is gemcitabine and cisplatin. However, few effective treatment choices exist for refractory cholangiocarcinoma, and additional therapeutic drugs are urgently required. Our previous work demonstrated that the ALDH isoform 1A3 plays a vital role in the malignant behavior of cholangiocarcinoma and may serve as a new therapeutic target. In this study, we found a positive correlation between ALDH1A3 protein expression levels and the cell migration abilities of three cholangiocarcinoma cell lines, which was verified using ALDH1A3-overexpressing and ALDH1A3-knockdown clones. We also used ALDH1A3-high and ALDH1A3-low populations of cholangiocarcinoma cell lines from the library of integrated network-based cellular signatures (LINCS) program and assessed the effects of ruxolitinib, a commercially available JAK2 inhibitor. Ruxolitinib had a higher cytotoxic effect when combined with gemcitabine. Furthermore, the nuclear translocation STAT1 and STAT3 heterodimers were markedly diminished by ruxolitinib treatment, possibly resulting in decreased ALDH1A3 activation. Notably, ruxolitinib alone or combined with gemcitabine led to significantly reduced tumor size and weight. Collectively, our studies suggest that ruxolitinib might suppress the ALDH1A3 activation through the JAK2/STAT1/3 pathway in cholangiocarcinoma, and trials should be undertaken to evaluate its efficacy in clinical therapy.
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Project description:Gastric cancer is still one of the most common cancer types and third leading cause of cancer deaths worldwide. Recent studies have showed that the Hippo signaling pathway plays a critical role in progression of gastric cancer. It is of great importance to demonstrate the regulation of Hippo signaling pathway and the degradation of YAP protein in gastric cancer. In this study, we found that OTUB1 is a critical factor to facilitate gastric cancer cell stemness and progression, which deubiquitinated and stabilized YAP protein.
2022-02-24 | GSE197135 | GEO
Project description:BackgroundChemokine (C-C motif) ligand 18 (CCL18) affects the malignant progression of varying cancers by activating chemokine receptors. Our previous work has shown that CCL18 promotes hyperplasia and invasiveness of oral cancer cells; however, the cognate receptors of CCL18 involved in the pathogenesis of oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) have not yet been identified. This study aimed to investigate the molecular mechanisms which underlie promotive effects of CCL18 on OSCC progression by binding to functional receptors.MethodsThe expression of CCL18 receptor-NIR1 in OSCC was determined by conducting western blot, immunofluorescence, and immunocytochemistry assays. Chi square test was applied to analyze the relationship between expression levels of NIR1 and clinicopathological variables. Recombinant CCL18 (rCCL18), receptor siRNA and JAK specific inhibitor (AG490) were used in experiments investigating the effects of the CCL18-NIR1 axis on growth of cancer cells (i.e., proliferation, and metastasis), epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and the activation of the JAK2/STAT3 signaling pathway.ResultsNIR1 as functional receptor of CCL18 in OSCC, was found to be significantly upregulated in OSCC and positively related to the TNM stage of OSCC patients. rCCL18 induced the phenotypical alterations in oral cancer cells including cell growth, metastasis and EMT. The JAK2/STAT3 signaling pathway was confirmed to be a downstream pathway mediating the effects of CCL18 in OSCC. AG490 and knockdown of NIR1 could block the effects of rCCL18-induced OSCC.ConclusionCCL18 can promote the progression of OSCC by binding NIR1, and the CCL18-NIR1 axis can activate JAK2/STAT3 signaling pathway. The identification of the mechanisms underlying CCL18-mediated promotion of OSCC progression could highlight potential therapeutic targets for treating oral cancer.
| S-EPMC7346480 | biostudies-literature
Project description:BackgroundGlioblastoma (GBM) is the most aggressive brain tumor. Reportedly, circular RNAs (circRNAs) participate in regulation of the development and progression of diverse cancers, including GBM.MethodsDysregulated circRNAs in GBM tissues were screened out from GEO database. The expression of candidate circRNAs in GBM cells was measured by qRT-PCR. Loss-of function assays, including colony formation assay, EdU assay, TUNEL assay, and flow cytometry analysis were conducted to determine the effects of circ-AHCY knockdown on GBM cell proliferation and apoptosis. Animal study was further used to prove the inhibitory effect of circ-AHCY silencing on GMB cell growth. Mechanistic experiments like luciferase reporter, RNA pull-down and RNA-binding protein immunoprecipitation (RIP) assays were performed to unveil the downstream molecular mechanism of circ-AHCY. Nanosight Nanoparticle Tracking Analysis (NTA) and PKH67 staining were applied to identify the existence of exosomes.ResultsCirc-AHCY was confirmed to be highly expressed in GBM cells. Circ-AHCY silencing suppressed GBM cell proliferation both in vitro and in vivo. Mechanistically, circ-AHCY activates Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway by sequestering miR-1294 to up-regulate MYC which activated CTNNB1 transcription. It was also found that circ-AHCY recruited EIF4A3 to stabilize TCF4 mRNA. Enhanced levels of TCF4 and β-catenin contributed to the stability of TCF4/β-catenin complex. In turn, TCF4/β-catenin complex strengthened the transcriptional activity of circ-AHCY. Exosomal circ-AHCY derived from GBM cells induced abnormal proliferation of normal human astrocytes (NHAs).ConclusionExosomal circ-AHCY forms a positive feedback loop with Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway to promote GBM cell growth.
| S-EPMC10270256 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Although renal cell carcinoma (RCC) is a prevalent type of cancer, the most common pathological subtype, clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC), still has poorly understood molecular mechanisms of progression. Moreover, interferon-stimulated gene 15 (ISG15) is associated with various types of cancer; however, its biological role in ccRCC remains unclear.This study aimed to explore the role of ISG15 in ccRCC progression.ISG15 expression was upregulated in ccRCC and associated with poor prognosis. RNA sequence analysis and subsequent experiments indicated that ISG15 modulated IL6/JAK2/STAT3 signaling to promote ccRCC proliferation, migration, and invasion. Additionally, our animal experiments confirmed that sustained ISG15 knockdown reduced tumor growth rate in nude mice and promoted cell apoptosis. ISG15 modulates the IL6/JAK2/STAT3 pathway, making it a potential therapeutic target and prognostic biomarker for ccRCC.
| S-EPMC11217101 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Intrauterine adhesion (IUA) is characterized by endometrial fibrosis. S100A8/A9 plays an important role in inflammation and fibroblast activation. However, the role of S100A8/A9 in IUA remains unclear. In this study, we collect normal and IUA endometrium to verify the expression of S100A8/A9. Human endometrial stromal cells (hEnSCs) are isolated to evaluate fibrosis progression after S100A8/A9 treatment. A porcine IUA model is established by electrocautery injury to confirm the therapeutic effect of menstrual blood-derived stromal cells (MenSCs) on IUA. Our study reveals increased S100A8/A9 expression in IUA endometrium. S100A8/A9 significantly enhances hEnSCs proliferation and upregulates fibrosis-related and inflammation-associated markers. Furthermore, S100A8/A9 induces hEnSCs fibrosis through the RAGE-JAK2-STAT3 pathway. Transplantation of MenSCs in a porcine IUA model notably enhances angiogenesis, mitigates endometrial fibrosis and downregulates S100A8/A9 expression. In summary, S100A8/A9 induces hEnSCs fibrosis via the RAGE-JAK2-STAT3 pathway, and MenSCs exhibit marked effects on endometrial restoration in the porcine IUA model.
| S-EPMC10803310 | biostudies-literature
Project description:RIG-I like receptors (RLRs) recognize cytosolic viral RNA and initiate innate immunity; they increase the production of type I interferon (IFN) and the transcription of a series of antiviral genes to protect the host organism. Accurate regulation of the RLR pathway is important for avoiding tissue injury induced by excessive immune response. HSCARG is a newly reported negative regulator of NF-κB. Here we demonstrated that HSCARG participates in innate immunity. HSCARG inhibited the cellular antiviral response in an NF-κB independent manner, whereas deficiency of HSCARG had an opposite effect. After viral infection, HSCARG interacted with tumor necrosis receptor-associated factor 3 (TRAF3) and inhibited its ubiquitination by promoting the recruitment of OTUB1 to TRAF3. Knockout of HSCARG attenuated the de-ubiquitination of TRAF3 by OTUB1, and knockdown of OTUB1 abolished the effect of HSCARG. HSCARG also interacted with Ikappa-B kinase epsilon (IKKε) after viral infection and impaired the association between TRAF3 and IKKε, which further decreased the phosphorylation of IKKε and interferon response factor 3 (IRF3), thus suppressed the dimerization and nuclear translocation of IRF3. Moreover, knockdown of TRAF3 dampened the inhibitory effect of IFN-β transcription by HSCARG, suggesting that TRAF3 is necessary for HSCARG to down-regulate RLR pathway. This study demonstrated that HSCARG is a negative regulator that enables balanced antiviral innate immunity.
| S-EPMC3999155 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Electroacupuncture (EA) has been used for treating visceral hypersensitivity (VH). However, the underlying molecular mechanism remains unclear. This study was aim to testify the effect of EA on ileitis-provoked VH, and to confirm whether EA attenuates VH through Janus kinase 2 (JAK2)/signal transducers and activators of transcription 3 (STAT3) signaling pathway in the periaqueductal gray (PAG)-the rostral ventromedial medulla (RVM)-the spinal cord dorsal horn (SCDH) axis. Methods: Goats were anesthetized and laparotomized for injecting 2,4,6-trinitro-benzene-sulfonic acid (TNBS)-ethanol solution (30mg TNBS dissolved in 40% ethanol) into the ileal wall to induce VH. EA was treated for 30min from day 7, then every 3 days for six times. VH was assessed by visceromotor response (VMR) and pain behavior response to 20, 40, 60, 80, and 100 mmHg colorectal distension pressures at day 7, 10, 13, 16, 19, and 22. The spinal cord in the eleventh thoracic vertebra and the brain were collected at day 22. The protein and mRNA levels of IL-6, JAK2, and STAT3 in the SCDH were detected with western blot and qPCR, respectively. The distribution of these substances was observed with immunohistochemistry in the ventrolateral PAG (vlPAG), RVM (mainly the nucleus raphe magnus, NRM), SCDH, the nucleus tractus solitaries (NTS) and the dorsal motor nucleus of vagi (DMV). Results: Goats administered with TNBS-ethanol solution showed diarrhea, enhanced VMR and pain behavior response, and increased IL-6, phosphorylated JAK2 and STAT3 (pJAK2 and pSTAT3) in the vlPAG, NRM, NTS and DMV, and their protein and mRNA levels in the SCDH. EA relieved diarrhea, VMR and pain behavior response, decreased IL-6, pJAK2 and pSTAT3 levels in the vlPAG, NRM, SCDH, NTS, and DMV except for pSTAT3 in the DMV, but did not affect mRNA level of these three substances in the SCDH. Conclusion: EA attenuates VH probably through inhibiting JAK2/STAT3 signaling pathway in the PAG-RVM-SCDH axis.
| S-EPMC5701938 | biostudies-literature