Dataset Information

Type I Interferon Autoantibodies Correlate With Cellular Immune Alterations in Severe COVID-19.

ABSTRACT:

Background

Infection with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) can lead to severe disease with increased morbidity and mortality among certain risk groups. The presence of autoantibodies against type I interferons (aIFN-Abs) is one mechanism that contributes to severe coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19).

Methods

This study aimed to investigate the presence of aIFN-Abs in relation to the soluble proteome, circulating immune cell numbers, and cellular phenotypes, as well as development of adaptive immunity.

Results

aIFN-Abs were more prevalent in critical compared to severe COVID-19 but largely absent in the other viral and bacterial infections studied here. The antibody and T-cell response to SARS-CoV-2 remained largely unaffected by the presence aIFN-Abs. Similarly, the inflammatory response in COVID-19 was comparable in individuals with and without aIFN-Abs. Instead, presence of aIFN-Abs had an impact on cellular immune system composition and skewing of cellular immune pathways.

Conclusions

Our data suggest that aIFN-Abs do not significantly influence development of adaptive immunity but covary with alterations in immune cell numbers.

SUBMITTER: Strunz B

PROVIDER: S-EPMC11326830 | biostudies-literature | 2024 Aug

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Publications

Type I Interferon Autoantibodies Correlate With Cellular Immune Alterations in Severe COVID-19.

Strunz Benedikt B Maucourant Christopher C Mehta Adi A Wan Hui H Du Likun L Sun Dan D Chen Puran P Nordlander Anna A Gao Yu Y Cornillet Martin M Bister Jonna J Kvedaraite Egle E Christ Wanda W Klingström Jonas J Geanon Daniel D Parke Åsa Å Ekwall-Larson Anna A Rivino Laura L MacAry Paul A PA Aleman Soo S Buggert Marcus M Ljunggren Hans-Gustaf HG Pan-Hammarström Qiang Q Lund-Johansen Fridtjof F Strålin Kristoffer K Björkström Niklas K NK

The Journal of infectious diseases 20240801 2

<h4>Background</h4>Infection with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) can lead to severe disease with increased morbidity and mortality among certain risk groups. The presence of autoantibodies against type I interferons (aIFN-Abs) is one mechanism that contributes to severe coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19).<h4>Methods</h4>This study aimed to investigate the presence of aIFN-Abs in relation to the soluble proteome, circulating immune cell numbers, and cellular phenoty ...[more]

PMID: 38421006

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Project description:BackgroundSeveral autoimmune features occur during coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), with possible implications for disease course, immunity, and autoimmune pathology. In this study, we longitudinally screened for clinically relevant systemic autoantibodies to assess their prevalence, temporal trajectory, and association with immunity, comorbidities, and severity of COVID-19.MethodsWe performed highly sensitive indirect immunofluorescence assays to detect antinuclear antibodies (ANA) and antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies (ANCA), along with serum proteomics and virome-wide serological profiling in a multicentric cohort of 175 COVID-19 patients followed up to 1 year after infection, eleven vaccinated individuals, and 41 unexposed controls.ResultsCompared with healthy controls, similar prevalence and patterns of ANA were present in patients during acute COVID-19 and recovery. However, the paired analysis revealed a subgroup of patients with transient presence of certain ANA patterns during acute COVID-19. Furthermore, patients with severe COVID-19 exhibited a high prevalence of ANCA during acute disease. These autoantibodies were quantitatively associated with higher SARS-CoV-2-specific antibody titers in COVID-19 patients and in vaccinated individuals, thus linking autoantibody production to increased antigen-specific humoral responses. Notably, the qualitative breadth of antibodies cross-reactive with other coronaviruses was comparable in ANA-positive and ANA-negative individuals during acute COVID-19. In autoantibody-positive patients, multiparametric characterization demonstrated an inflammatory signature during acute COVID-19 and alterations of the B-cell compartment after recovery.ConclusionHighly sensitive indirect immunofluorescence assays revealed transient autoantibody production during acute SARS-CoV-2 infection, while the presence of autoantibodies in COVID-19 patients correlated with increased antiviral humoral immune responses and inflammatory immune signatures.

Dataset Information

Type I Interferon Autoantibodies Correlate With Cellular Immune Alterations in Severe COVID-19.

Background

Methods

Results

Conclusions

Publications

Type I Interferon Autoantibodies Correlate With Cellular Immune Alterations in Severe COVID-19.

Similar Datasets

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