Dataset Information

Variant-Specific IgA Protects Against Omicron Infection.

ABSTRACT:

Background

The emergence of rapidly evolving severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) variants, coupled with waning vaccine-induced immunity, has contributed to the rise of vaccine breakthrough infections. It is crucial to understand how vaccine-induced protection is mediated.

Methods

We examined 2 prospective cohorts of mRNA vaccinated and boosted individuals during the Omicron wave of infection in Singapore.

Results

We found that individuals who remain uninfected over the follow-up period had a higher variant-specific IgA, but not IgG, antibody response at 1 month after booster vaccination, compared with individuals who became infected.

Conclusions

We conclude that IgA may have a potential contributory role in protection against Omicron infection. Clinical Trials Registration . NCT05142319.

SUBMITTER: Goh YS

PROVIDER: S-EPMC11326848 | biostudies-literature | 2024 Aug

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

ACCESS DATA

Publications

Variant-Specific IgA Protects Against Omicron Infection.

Goh Yun Shan YS Fong Siew-Wai SW Hor Pei Xiang PX Loh Chiew Yee CY Wang Bei B Salleh Siti Nazihah Mohd SNM Ngoh Eve Zi Xian EZX Lee Raphael Tze Chuen RTC Poh Xuan Ying XY Rao Suma S Chia Po Ying PY Ong Sean W X SWX Lee Tau Hong TH Lim Clarissa C Teo Jefanie J Pada Surinder S Sun Louisa Jin LJ Ong Desmond Luan Seng DLS Somani Jyoti J Lee Eng Sing ES Maurer-Stroh Sebastian S Wang Cheng-I CI Leo Yee-Sin YS Lye David C DC Young Barnaby Edward BE Ng Lisa F P LFP Renia Laurent L

The Journal of infectious diseases 20240801 2

<h4>Background</h4>The emergence of rapidly evolving severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) variants, coupled with waning vaccine-induced immunity, has contributed to the rise of vaccine breakthrough infections. It is crucial to understand how vaccine-induced protection is mediated.<h4>Methods</h4>We examined 2 prospective cohorts of mRNA vaccinated and boosted individuals during the Omicron wave of infection in Singapore.<h4>Results</h4>We found that individuals who remain ...[more]

PMID: 37996071

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Project description:Mucosal immunity plays a pivotal role in providing comprehensive protection against upper-airway infections and effectively limiting the shedding and transmission of SARS-CoV-2. Despite its critical importance, there remains a notable absence of nasal spray vaccines endorsed for global use by the World Health Organization. This could be due to the inability of current intranasal vaccines to induce strong mucosal and systemic responses in humans, thus urgently entailing a next-generation of intranasal COVID-19 vaccines with novel and safe technologies. In this study, we prepared a two-component intranasal vaccine that combines adenovirus vectors with a self-assembled subunit protein. Specifically, the adenovirus vector expresses the spike protein of XBB.1.5 variant (Ad5XBB.1.5), and were mixed with the recombinant protein that developed derived from the receptor binding domain (RBD) of XBB.1.5 (RBDXBB.1.5-HR). Combination of Ad5XBB.1.5 and RBDXBB.1.5-HR elicited superior humoral and cellular immunity against XBB.1.5-included variants compared with the individual components. Importantly, the STING signaling pathway was found to be crucial for the adjuvant effect of the adenovirus vector. In addition, to increase the broad-spectrum neutralizing capacities, a trimeric protein derived from the BA.5 variant (RBDBA.5-HR) was incorporated to formulate a three-component vaccine (Ad5XBB.1.5+RBDXBB.1.5-HR+RBDBA.5-HR), indicating the utilization of a combination of an adenovirus-vectored and subunit protein vaccines has the potential to serve as a next-generation intranasal vaccine platform. Of note, intranasally delivery of two-component vaccine provided protective immunity against live Omicron XBB.1.16 virus challenge in mice. Furthermore, the combination of adenovirus and subunit protein vaccine demonstrates excellent tolerability and safety in human subjects, and is able to induce enhanced mucosal immunity as well as high levels of sera neutralizing antibody in all participants. These findings underscore its suitability for clinical application in the prevention of SARS-CoV-2 variants encompassing XBB lineages.

Dataset Information

Variant-Specific IgA Protects Against Omicron Infection.

Background

Methods

Results

Conclusions

Publications

Variant-Specific IgA Protects Against Omicron Infection.

Similar Datasets

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