Staff at WHO HQ stop work in protest at conditions
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PROVIDER: S-EPMC1309682 | biostudies-literature | 2005 Dec
REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature
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Project description:The refugee and homeless population has been increasing worldwide in recent years. Staff in social work provide practical help to these populations, but often struggle with high job demands. This scoping review aims to systematically map the job demands, resources, mental health problems, coping strategies and needs of staff in social work with refugees and homeless individuals. Relevant studies were identified by searching seven electronic databases from their inception until the end of May 2018, as well as Google Scholar and reference lists of included articles. The methodological quality of the included studies was assessed using the Mixed Methods Appraisal Tool. A thematic analysis was conducted. Twenty-five studies were included in the review. Fourteen studies followed a quantitative approach, six a qualitative approach and five a mixed-method approach. Most studies were conducted in the homeless sector (56%), in North America (52%) and published after the year 2009 (68%). Common job demands included the bureaucratic system, high caseloads, clients' suffering and little experience of success. Maintaining professional boundaries counted both as a job demand and a coping strategy. Deriving meaning from work and support from the team were identified as important job resources. The prevalence of mental health problems among staff was high, but difficult to compare due to the use of different instruments in studies. Staff expressed a need for ongoing training, external counselling and supervision. Further studies should examine the effectiveness of workplace health interventions.
| S-EPMC6850100 | biostudies-literature
Project description: Not available
| S-EPMC6857494 | biostudies-literature
Project description:BackgroundHealthcare workers (HCWs) had a greater occupational risk of exposure to coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) and reported higher rates of long COVID (LC). This has implications for the provision of health care in already stretched health services.AimsThis study explored the impact of LC on a range of UK National Health Service (NHS) HCWs, their health and well-being, the effect on work patterns, and occupational support received.MethodsMixed-methods study, online survey and qualitative interviews. Participants self-reporting LC symptoms were recruited through social media and NHS channels. Interviews used maximum variation sampling of 50 HCWs including healthcare professionals, ancillary and administration staff. Thematic analysis was conducted using NVivo software.ResultsA total of 471 HCWs completed the online survey. Multiple LC symptoms were reported, revealing activity limitations for 90%. Two-thirds had taken sick leave, 18% were off-work and 33% reported changes in work duties. There were few differences in work practices by occupational group. Most participants were working but managing complex and dynamic symptoms, with periods of improvement and exacerbation. They engaged in a range of strategies: rest, pacing, planning and prioritizing, with work prioritized over other aspects of life. Symptom improvements were often linked to occupational medicine, managerial, colleague support and flexible workplace adjustments.ConclusionsLC has a significant impact on the lives of HCWs suffering prolonged symptoms. Due to the variability and dynamic nature of symptoms, workplace support and flexible policies are needed to help retain staff.
| S-EPMC10875925 | biostudies-literature
Project description:ANRI submissions of Staff/Non-staff samples
| PRJEB75684 | ENA
Project description:In modern work environments, it can be difficult for workers to avoid becoming distracted from their current task. This study investigates person-situation interactions to predict thought control activities (kind of self-control), which aim to stop distracting thoughts that enter the mind. Specifically, it was examined (1) how challenging work demands (time pressure, task complexity) activate workers' thought control to stop distractive thoughts (n level 2 = 143) and relate to the effort to do so (n level 2 = 91) in daily working life and (2) how these relationships differ according workers' general cognitive ability to suppress unwanted thoughts. To understand these person-situation interactions, an experience sampling study was combined with a laboratory task assessing the ability to suppress unwanted thoughts (think/no-think task). Multilevel modeling revealed that workers' engage more often and more intensively in thought control activities at a moderate level of time pressure but only when they had a higher general ability to suppress unwanted thoughts. For workers with a lower ability to suppress unwanted thoughts, increasing time pressure was negatively related to thought control activities, even at very low levels of time pressure. Thus, whether time pressure activates or hinders thought control depends on individuals' ability to suppress distractive thoughts.
| S-EPMC7399160 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Background/purposeResearch on work stress and occupational burnout among Taiwanese dental staff is scarce. Thus, this study aimed to explore work stress and occupational burnout among dental staff in a medical center.Materials and methodsThis study is a cross-sectional survey that included the dental staff of a medical center in Taiwan. They were asked to complete self-reported questionnaires anonymously. The Questionnaire on Medical Workers' Stress (QMWS) was used to assess work stress, and the Maslach Burnout Inventory-Human Service Survey (MBI-HSS) was used to evaluate occupational burnout. In total, 108 valid questionnaires were collected, with a response rate of 79.9%. Data were analyzed using independent t-tests, one-way analysis of variance, Pearson's correlation, and stepwise linear regression.ResultsOverall QMWS score indicated that visiting staff perceived significantly higher stress than post-graduate year residents. Average scores of MBI-HSS showed dental assistants' scores as similar to those of high burnout groups; visiting staff and moderate burnout groups had similar scores. Stepwise regression analyses revealed that the significant predictor of emotional exhaustion was the QMWS score, of depersonalization were working as a dental assistant and QMWS score, and of personal accomplishment was holding a teaching position.ConclusionWork stress and occupational burnout were common among dental staff; this may affect patient safety and should be valued. A stress management program is recommended to promote mental health of dental staff, along with adjustment of working environment, performance evaluation, and promotion systems.
| S-EPMC6739458 | biostudies-literature
Project description:BackgroundEpidemiological studies indicate that disruption of circadian rhythm by shift work increases the risk of breast and prostate cancer. Our studies demonstrated that carcinogens disrupt the circadian expression of circadian genes (CGs) and circadian-controlled genes (CCGs) during the early stages of rat mammary carcinogenesis. A chemopreventive regimen of methylselenocysteine (MSC) restored the circadian expression of CGs and CCGs, including PERIOD 2 (PER2) and estrogen receptor β (ERS2), to normal. The present study evaluated whether changes in CG and CCG expression in whole blood can serve as indicators of circadian disruption in shift workers.MethodsFifteen shift workers were recruited to a crossover study. Blood samples were drawn before (6 PM) and after (8 AM) completing a night shift after at least seven days on floating night-shift rotation, and before (8 AM), during (1 PM), and after (6 PM) completing seven days on day shift. The plasma melatonin level and messenger RNA (mRNA) expression of PER2, nuclear receptor subfamily 1, group d, member 1 (NR1D1), and ERS2 were measured, and the changes in levels of melatonin and gene expression were evaluated with statistical analyses.ResultsThe mRNA expression of PER2 was affected by shift (p = 0.0079); the levels were higher in the evening for the night shift, but higher in the morning for the day shift. Increased PER2 expression (p = 0.034) was observed in the evening on the night versus day shifts. The melatonin level was higher in the morning for both day shifts (p = 0.013) and night shifts (p <0.0001).ConclusionChanges in the level of PER2 gene expression can serve as a biomarker of disrupted circadian rhythm in blood cells. Therefore, they can be a useful intermediate indicator of efficacy in future MSC-mediated chemoprevention studies.
| S-EPMC4621493 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Most women experience some premenstrual symptoms during their reproductive years. Yet, this is an under-researched health issue, particularly in the context of work. This study aimed to: (i) understand the prevalence and severity of premenstrual symptoms experienced by working females, and their association with key work outcomes; (ii) explore factors that may be influencing these symptoms and their severity; and (iii) examine how organizations might help staff with premenstrual symptoms that may be impacting their working lives. An online, anonymous survey collected quantitative and qualitative data from 125 working women in the UK. Over 90% of the sample reported some premenstrual symptoms; 40% experienced premenstrual symptoms moderately or severely. Higher symptom severity was significantly (p < 0.05) associated with poor presenteeism, intention to reduce working hours, and higher work absence (time off work, being late, leaving early). Moderate/severe symptoms were significantly associated with several individual-related variables: lower perceived general health, higher alcohol consumption, poorer sleep quality, anxiety, depression, hormonal contraception, and using fewer coping approaches towards premenstrual symptoms (avoiding harm, adjusting energy levels); and work-related variables: poorer work-life balance, lower levels of psychological resilience, higher perceived work demands, less control over work. Disclosure of premenstrual symptoms and sickness absence because of premenstrual symptoms was very low, typically because of perceptions of appropriateness as a reason for work absence, gender of line managers (male), and it being a personal or embarrassing topic. Staff with moderate to severe premenstrual symptoms were statistically more likely to disclose reason for absence than those with milder symptoms. Recommendations and suggestions for employers and line managers include the need to train staff to improve knowledge about women's experience of premenstrual symptoms, to be able to communicate effectively with women and to provide tailored support and resources for those who need it. Implications for future research, policy and practice are discussed.
| S-EPMC8036722 | biostudies-literature
Project description:BackgroundWork-related musculoskeletal symptoms (WMSs) are common injuries or pains that primarily affect various body structures. It is difficult to estimate the burden of WMSs in developing countries such as Ethiopia due to a lack of evidence, particularly among university academic staff. There is a universal and rapidly growing need for information about WMSs, as this is the main challenge to public health and economic burden. The purpose of this study was to determine the magnitude of work-related musculoskeletal symptoms and their associated factors among academic staff in Ethiopian universities.MethodsFrom February 2 to March 24, 2021, a web-based cross-sectional study was conducted among 422 academic staff members working in Ethiopian universities. A structured and self-administered Google Form questionnaire was sent and shared with the academic staff via their email addresses, Facebook, and Telegram accounts. Using a p-value of <0.05 and a 95% confidence interval, multivariable logistic regression was used to identify factors associated with the outcome variable.ResultsAround 321 (77.2%) of the 416 participants were reported to have work-related musculoskeletal symptoms at least in one part of the body (95% CI: 73.1, 81.5%), with 28.1% reporting lower back pain. Respondents working in second-stage universities (AOR = 7.35, 95% CI 3.21, 16.79), being 44 years old or older (AOR = 7.89, 95% CI 2.10, 21.57), having a Ph.D. (AOR = 7.09, 95% CI 1.50, 17.93), engaging in physical activity (AOR = 3.32, 95% CI 1.43, 7.74), and working on a computer (AOR = 6.89, 95% CI 2. 0.72, 19.15) were the factors associated with work-related musculoskeletal symptoms.ConclusionAlmost three-quarters of academic staff reported work-related musculoskeletal symptoms in this survey. Factors such as university establishment stage, age, educational status, physical activity, and frequent computer use were found to be significantly associated with work-related musculoskeletal symptoms.
| S-EPMC9619926 | biostudies-literature
Project description:BackgroundNursing home staff often face challenges in achieving a satisfactory work-life balance, particularly because of the nature of shift work. While long shifts offer extended periods off work, their impact on the delicate balance between work and leisure remains understudied in the context of nursing homes. This study investigated the experiences of nursing home staff in Norway working long shifts lasting 12-14 h and their perceptions of the balance between family life and work.MethodsEighteen nursing home staff members were interviewed following a semi-structured qualitative approach. The participants worked in three types of long shifts and provided insights into their experiences, addressing issues such as work hours, shift patterns, and work-family balance.ResultsThe study revealed four main categories: (1) impact of long shifts on family life-the highs and lows; (2) maximizing time off with long shifts; (3) reducing job stress with long shifts; and (4) full-time work leads to predictable hours and stable income. The participants emphasised the distinct separation between work and leisure during long shifts, acknowledging limited social life during working periods but appreciating extended periods off. Family life posed challenges, especially with young children, but the participants found benefits in the longer periods of family time during days off. Longer rest periods and reduced commuting time were perceived as advantages of long shifts, contributing to better sleep, reduced stress and overall well-being. Long shifts also allowed for more predictable working hours and income, supporting a stable work-life balance.ConclusionBalancing work and family life involves more than just the number of hours spent at work; it also encompasses the quality of those hours both at work and at home. Our findings underscore the complex interplay between work and family life for nursing home staff working long shifts. While challenges exist, benefits such as extended time off, improved sleep, reduced stress, and predictable working hours contribute positively to their work-life balance. Long shifts in nursing homes offer a unique perspective on achieving work-life balance, revealing both the challenges and advantages inherent in such schedules. Understanding the experiences of nursing home staff in this context can inform future innovations in shift scheduling, promoting a more balanced and sustainable work environment for healthcare professionals. For some healthcare staff, extended shifts can lead to a better work-life balance.
| S-EPMC11264412 | biostudies-literature