Human thymic MR1-restricted MAIT cells are innate pathogen-reactive effectors that adapt following thymic egress.

ABSTRACT: Human mucosal-associated invariant T (MAIT) cells express the semi-invariant T-cell receptor (TCR) V?7.2 and are restricted by the major histocompatibility complex-Ib molecule MR1. While MAIT cells share similarities with other innate T cells, the extent to which MAIT cells are innate and their capacity to adapt is unknown. We evaluated the function of V?7.2(+) T cells from the thymus, cord blood, and peripheral blood. Although antigen-inexperienced MAIT cells displayed a naïve phenotype, these had intrinsic effector capacity in response to Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb)-infected cells. V?7.2(+) effector thymocytes contained signal joint TCR gene excision circles (sjTRECs) suggesting limited replication and thymic origin. In evaluating the capacity of Mtb-reactive MAIT cells to adapt, we found that those from the peripheral blood demonstrated a memory phenotype and had undergone substantial expansion, suggesting that they responded to antigenic stimulation. MAIT cells, an evolutionarily conserved T-cell subset that detects a variety of intracellular infections, share features of innate and adaptive immunity.

SUBMITTER: Gold MC 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC3443511 | biostudies-literature | 2013 Jan

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature