De novo adipocyte differentiation from Pdgfr?+ preadipocytes protects against pathologic visceral adipose expansion in obesity.

ABSTRACT: Pathologic expansion of white adipose tissue (WAT) in obesity is characterized by adipocyte hypertrophy, inflammation, and fibrosis; however, factors triggering this maladaptive remodeling are largely unknown. Here, we test the hypothesis that the potential to recruit new adipocytes from Pdgfr?+ preadipocytes determines visceral WAT health in obesity. We manipulate levels of Pparg, the master regulator of adipogenesis, in Pdgfr?+ precursors of adult mice. Increasing the adipogenic capacity of Pdgfr?+ precursors through Pparg overexpression results in healthy visceral WAT expansion in obesity and adiponectin-dependent improvements in glucose homeostasis. Loss of mural cell Pparg triggers pathologic visceral WAT expansion upon high-fat diet feeding. Moreover, the ability of the TZD class of anti-diabetic drugs to promote healthy visceral WAT remodeling is dependent on mural cell Pparg. These data highlight the protective effects of de novo visceral adipocyte differentiation in these settings, and suggest Pdgfr?+ adipocyte precursors as targets for therapeutic intervention in diabetes.

SUBMITTER: Shao M 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC5832777 | biostudies-literature | 2018 Mar

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature