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An Exploratory Analysis of Potential New Biomarkers of Cognitive Function.

ABSTRACT: We examined the relationship between serially measured, novel serum biomarkers and a measure of cognitive functioning in older adults. We assayed stored serum samples from two Fels Longitudinal Study visits in N = 100 adult participants (visit 1 ages 59.3 ± 8.5 years; 53% female), and Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) scores also assessed at the second visit. Assays included acylcarnitines, amino acids, and 2-hydroxybutyric acid (b-HBA). Cross-sectional correlations between acylcarnitines and amino acids and MoCA were identified. Serial change in short-chain acylcarnitines and visit 2 MoCA were also correlated. Participants with MoCA scores <26 were more likely to have an increase in short-chain acylcarnitines between visits 1 and 2 [adjusted odds ratio (OR) = 5.24; 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.07-25.9]. b-HBA was also correlated with acylcarnitines. Several cross-sectional and serial associations between novel serum biomarkers and cognitive functioning were identified. b-HBA may also be a cost-effective marker of dysregulation associated with cognitive decline.

SUBMITTER: Peterson MJ

PROVIDER: S-EPMC6376149 | biostudies-literature | 2019 Feb

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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An Exploratory Analysis of Potential New Biomarkers of Cognitive Function.

Peterson Matthew J MJ Geoghegan Sheena S Lawhorne Larry W LW

The journals of gerontology. Series A, Biological sciences and medical sciences 20190201 3

We examined the relationship between serially measured, novel serum biomarkers and a measure of cognitive functioning in older adults. We assayed stored serum samples from two Fels Longitudinal Study visits in N = 100 adult participants (visit 1 ages 59.3 ± 8.5 years; 53% female), and Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) scores also assessed at the second visit. Assays included acylcarnitines, amino acids, and 2-hydroxybutyric acid (b-HBA). Cross-sectional correlations between acylcarnitines and ...[more]

PMID: 29846522

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Project description:BackgroundCognitive functions are altered in patients with CKD. However, it is suggested that cognitive functions improve after kidney transplantation, at least partially. A possible cause for this improvement could be the reduction of uremic retention solutes after transplantation. This study assessed the association between the changes in uremic toxin concentration with the changes in cognitive function in patients after kidney transplantation.MethodsTen recipients of kidney transplants were compared with 18 controls (nine patients on hemodialysis, and nine patients with CKD stage 4 or 5 [eGFR <30 ml/min per 1.73 m2] who were not on dialysis). An extensive neuropsychological assessment, covering the five major cognitive domains (i.e., memory, attention and concentration, information processing speed, abstract reasoning, and executive function), was done before transplantation, at 1 week post-transplant, and 3 months after transplantation. Similarly, assessments of the 18 matched, control patients were performed longitudinally over a period of 3-5 months. Concentrations of 16 uremic retention solutes (indoxyl glucuronide, p-cresyl glucuronide, phenylglucuronide, 3-carboxy-4-methyl-5-propyl-2-furanpropanoic acid, indoxyl sulfate, p-cresyl sulfate, hippuric acid, phenyl sulfate, kynurenine, tryptophan, kynurenic acid, tyrosine, indole-3-acetic acid, phenylalanine, trimethylamine N-oxide, and phenylacetylglutamine) were measured in serum samples collected at the time of the neuropsychological assessments.ResultsA significant improvement in cognitive function was only found in the processing-speed domain, and this was observed in both patients who received a transplant and patients with CKD. No significant differences between patients who received a transplant and the control groups were seen in the other cognitive domains. As expected, the serum concentration of most uremic toxins decreased significantly within 1 week after kidney transplantation.ConclusionsThere was no significant improvement in cognitive function that could be specifically related to kidney transplantation in the first 3 months after the procedure. These data do not support the notion that uremic toxins exert an immediate effect on cognitive function.

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An Exploratory Analysis of Potential New Biomarkers of Cognitive Function.

Publications

An Exploratory Analysis of Potential New Biomarkers of Cognitive Function.

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