The Chiral Looping of the Embryonic Heart Is Formed by the Combination of Three Axial Asymmetries.

ABSTRACT: In mammals and birds, embryonic development of the heart involves conversion of a straight tubular structure into a three-dimensional helical loop, which is a chiral structure. We investigated theoretically the mechanism of helical loop formation of the mouse embryonic heart, especially focusing on determination of left-/right-handedness of the helical loop. In geometrical terms, chirality is the result of the combination of three axial asymmetries in three-dimensional space. We hypothesized the following correspondences between axial asymmetries and morphogenesis (bending and displacement): the dorsal-ventral asymmetry by ventral bending of a straight tube of the initial heart and the left-right and anterior-posterior asymmetries, the left-right asymmetry by rightward displacement of the

SUBMITTER: Honda H 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC7002914 | biostudies-literature | 2020 Feb

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature