Dataset Information

Low levels of salivary metals, oral microbiome composition and dental decay.

ABSTRACT: Salivary microbiome composition can change following exposure to environmental toxicants, e.g., heavy metals. We hypothesized that levels of salivary nutrients and metals would correlate with salivary microbiome composition and be associated with dental decay. Here we assess the salivary concentrations of 5 essential minerals (cobalt, copper, manganese, molybdenum, and zinc), 4 metals with some evidence of normal physiological function (chromium, nickel, tungsten, and vanadium), and 12 with known toxicity (antimony, arsenic, barium, beryllium, cadmium, cesium, lead, mercury, platinum, thallium, tin, and uranium), and their associations with salivary microbiome composition and dental decay in 61 children and adults. 16 metals were detected in 54% of participants; 8 were found in all. Marked differences in salivary bacterial taxa were associated with levels of antimony, arsenic, and mercury, after adjusting for multiple testing. Further, antimony levels were associated with the presence of decayed teeth. Thus, salivary metal levels, even at low concentrations, may impact oral health.

SUBMITTER: Davis E

PROVIDER: S-EPMC7474081 | biostudies-literature | 2020 Sep

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Low levels of salivary metals, oral microbiome composition and dental decay.

Davis Elyse E Bakulski Kelly M KM Goodrich Jaclyn M JM Peterson Karen E KE Marazita Mary L ML Foxman Betsy B

Scientific reports 20200904 1

Salivary microbiome composition can change following exposure to environmental toxicants, e.g., heavy metals. We hypothesized that levels of salivary nutrients and metals would correlate with salivary microbiome composition and be associated with dental decay. Here we assess the salivary concentrations of 5 essential minerals (cobalt, copper, manganese, molybdenum, and zinc), 4 metals with some evidence of normal physiological function (chromium, nickel, tungsten, and vanadium), and 12 with know ...[more]

PMID: 32887894

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Project description:Oral lichen planus (OLP) is a chronic Th1-mediated inflammatory mucocutaneous disease of the skin and oral mucosa that can have various clinical presentations. Lesions are usually bilateral and often painful. While cutaneous Lichen Planus (LP) lesions are self-limiting, the oral lesions are chronic and rarely remissive. The diagnosis of oral lichen planus (OLP) is often challenging, and confirmation by histopathological criterion is generally advised. The aim of our study was to identify the cytokines present in OLP-suggestive lesions and in non-specific inflammatory lesions (NSIL) used as controls. Moreover, assess cytokines protein levels and oral microbiota composition in whole saliva samples. Histopathological analysis, immunohistochemistry and gene expression were used as techniques to analyze the oral mucosal tissue samples. ELISA was conducted to analyze salivary cytokine levels and 16S rRNA sequencing was used to determine the salivary microbiome. As a result we observed larger number of infiltrated lymphocytes (p = 0.025), as well, more T CD4 lymphocytes in the epithelial tissue (p = 0.006) in OLP samples compared to NSIL. In addition, the OLP samples displayed more apoptotic cells compared to NSIL (p = 0.047). Regarding the cytokine analysis, IFN-γ and IL-33 were more expressed in OLP lesions than in NSIL samples (p < 0.001; p = 0.026). Furthermore, our results demonstrated higher levels of IFN-γ protein expression in the saliva of OLP group compared to controls (p = 0.0156). We also observed noted differences in the oral microbiota composition between OLP and NSIL saliva samples. In conclusion, OLP lesions presented larger numbers of apoptotic and inflammatory cells, higher levels of IFN-γ and IL-33 compared to NSIL, and these lesions also differ regarding oral microbiota composition. These results are consistent with the Th-1-mediated chronic inflammation nature of oral lichen planus investigated lesions and displayed unique features that could be used as a diagnostic tool.

Dataset Information

Low levels of salivary metals, oral microbiome composition and dental decay.

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Low levels of salivary metals, oral microbiome composition and dental decay.

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