Differences in the Presentation and Progression of Parkinson's Disease by Sex.

ABSTRACT:

Background

Previous studies reported various symptoms of Parkinson's disease (PD) associated with sex. Some were conflicting or confirmed in only one study.

Objectives

We examined sex associations to PD phenotypes cross-sectionally and longitudinally in large-scale data.

Methods

We tested 40 clinical phenotypes, using longitudinal, clinic-based patient cohorts, consisting of 5946 patients, with a median follow-up of 3.1 years. For continuous outcomes, we used linear regressions at baseline to test sex-associated differences in presentation, and linear mixed-effects models to test sex-associated differences in progression. For binomial outcomes, we used logistic regression models at baseline and Cox regression models for survival analyses. We adjusted for age, disease

SUBMITTER: Iwaki H 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC7883324 | biostudies-literature | 2021 Jan

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature