Dataset Information

Association Between Liver Fat and Bone Density is Confounded by General and Visceral Adiposity in a Community-Based Cohort.

ABSTRACT:

Objective

Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is associated with low bone mineral density (BMD); however, it is not known whether early-stage NAFLD may be associated with BMD after accounting for BMI or visceral adipose tissue (VAT).

Methods

This was a cross-sectional study of 3,462 Framingham Heart Study participants who underwent computed tomographic measurement of liver fat, VAT volume, volumetric spine BMD, vertebral cross-sectional area (CSA), and vertebral compressive strength. This study excluded heavy alcohol consumers. Multivariable linear regression models were used to assess the association between NAFLD and volumetric BMD, CSA, and vertebral compressive strength after accounting for covariates, including BMI or VAT.

Results

A total of 2,253 participants (mean age, 51.2 [SD 10.7] years; 51.1% women) were included. In multivariable-adjusted models, positive associations between NAFLD and integral BMD, trabecular BMD, and vertebral compressive strength were observed. However, results were attenuated and no longer significant after additionally adjusting for BMI or VAT. NAFLD was observed to be weakly associated with a lower vertebral CSA in adjusted models.

Conclusions

In a community-based cohort, the associations between NAFLD and BMD and vertebral strength were confounded by BMI and VAT. However, NAFLD was associated with a reduced vertebral CSA in adjusted models.

SUBMITTER: Li BT

PROVIDER: S-EPMC7904629 | biostudies-literature | 2021 Mar

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

ACCESS DATA

Publications

Association Between Liver Fat and Bone Density is Confounded by General and Visceral Adiposity in a Community-Based Cohort.

Li Belinda T BT Simon Tracey G TG Wang Na N Chung Raymond T RT Corey Kathleen E KE Dichtel Laura E LE Samelson Elizabeth J EJ Kiel Douglas P DP Long Michelle T MT

Obesity (Silver Spring, Md.) 20210202 3

<h4>Objective</h4>Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is associated with low bone mineral density (BMD); however, it is not known whether early-stage NAFLD may be associated with BMD after accounting for BMI or visceral adipose tissue (VAT).<h4>Methods</h4>This was a cross-sectional study of 3,462 Framingham Heart Study participants who underwent computed tomographic measurement of liver fat, VAT volume, volumetric spine BMD, vertebral cross-sectional area (CSA), and vertebral compressive s ...[more]

PMID: 33528915

Similar Datasets

Project description:BackgroundThe storage of adipose tissue in ectopic compartments is a hallmark attribute linking greater body mass index (BMI) with cardiometabolic diseases. Despite ample evidence to confirm that increased visceral adipose tissue (VAT) deposition occurs with obesity, the interrelations between altered fat partitioning and regional muscle and bone quality are less well understood.ObjectiveWe examined the association between adiposity and spinal muscle and bone quality across a large, heterogeneous cohort of adults.DesignWe identified 8833 thoracic or abdominal computed tomography scans from patients in the University of Michigan Health System who were aged 18-64.9 y. We measured trabecular bone densities, cortical bone densities, VAT areas, and subcutaneous adipose tissue (SAT) areas at vertebral levels T7 to L5. Psoas muscle attenuation (an indicator of fat infiltration in muscle) was measured at the L4 level.ResultsMuscle attenuation as well as trabecular and cortical bone densities revealed negative correlations with BMI, SAT, and VAT. The correlation between BMI and psoas attenuation was -0.321, between BMI and the density of cortical bone was -0.250, and between BMI and trabecular bone was -0.143 (all P < 0.001). However, correlations between VAT and lower muscle attenuation were stronger as were those between VAT and lower bone densities. Inverse correlations between VAT and densities of psoas muscle and cortical and trabecular bone were -0.460, -0.407, and -0.434, respectively (P < 0.001). Even after adjustment for age, sex, and BMI, partial correlations between VAT, muscle attenuation, and bone densities remained significant at -0.250, -0.119, and -0.216, respectively (P < 0.001).ConclusionsContrary to previous reports that high body mass is associated with increased bone quality, our data show a significant negative association between BMI and muscle and bone densities, suggesting fat infiltration into these tissues. More importantly, correlations between VAT and decreased bone and muscle densities remained statistically significant even after adjustment for age, sex, and BMI.

Project description:BackgroundThe effects of visceral fat and body fat on osteoporosis (OP) have long been controversial. This study investigated the correlation between visceral fat and bone mineral density (BMD) in perimenopausal women aged 40-60. The goal was to evaluate the current state of BMD and its influencing factors, with the specific objective of establishing a foundation for preventing and treating osteoporosis in this demographic.MethodsThis case-control study included female participants (n = 330), aged 40-60 years, from the Health Management Center of Guilin Medical College Affiliated Hospital, China, between January 2020 to August 2023. Their BMD was assessed using an ultrasound bone mineral density meter, and the visceral fat area was determined utilizing a body composition analyzer. Furthermore, past medical history, dietary habits, and lifestyle factors were collected through a telephonic questionnaire survey. Additionally, we analyzed the baseline characteristics of the population, bone status and visceral fat status, and the relationship between these variables.ResultsAmong perimenopausal women with varying bone mineral density statuses, there was no significant difference regarding body fat percentage (p = 0.359). In contrast, a statistically significant difference was observed regarding visceral fat area (p < 0.001) and vitamin D (p < 0.001). The visceral fat area exhibited an inverse correlation with bone density (r = -0.313, p < 0.001). Additionally, mediation analysis outcomes did not support the hypothesis that visceral fat affects bone density through its influence on vitamin D levels (p = 0.92).ConclusionsAmong perimenopausal women, visceral fat is negatively associated with bone density, suggesting that the distribution of body fat rather than the total amount plays a pivotal role in the development of osteoporosis. These findings suggest the significance of regular physical exercise and the abdominal fat distribution for perimenopausal women.

Project description:Few studies have explored the genetic underpinnings of intra-abdominal visceral fat deposition, which varies substantially by sex and race/ethnicity. Among 1,787 participants in the Multiethnic Cohort (MEC)-Adiposity Phenotype Study (MEC-APS), we conducted a genome-wide association study (GWAS) of the percent visceral adiposity tissue (VAT) area out of the overall abdominal area, averaged across L1-L5 (%VAT), measured by abdominal magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). A genome-wide significant signal was found on chromosome 2q14.3 in the sex-combined GWAS (lead variant rs79837492: Beta per effect allele = -4.76; P = 2.62 × 10-8) and in the male-only GWAS (lead variant rs2968545: (Beta = -6.50; P = 1.09 × 10-9), and one suggestive variant was found at 13q12.11 in the female-only GWAS (rs79926925: Beta = 6.95; P = 8.15 × 10-8). The negatively associated variants were most common in European Americans (T allele of rs79837492; 5%) and African Americans (C allele of rs2968545; 5%) and not observed in Japanese Americans, whereas the positively associated variant was most common in Japanese Americans (C allele of rs79926925, 5%), which was all consistent with the racial/ethnic %VAT differences. In a validation step among UK Biobank participants (N = 23,699 of mainly British and Irish ancestry) with MRI-based VAT volume, both rs79837492 (Beta = -0.026, P = 0.019) and rs2968545 (Beta = -0.028, P = 0.010) were significantly associated in men only (n = 11,524). In the MEC-APS, the association between rs79926925 and plasma sex hormone binding globulin levels reached statistical significance in females, but not in males, with adjustment for total adiposity (Beta = -0.24; P = 0.028), on the log scale. Rs79837492 and rs2968545 are located in intron 5 of CNTNAP5, and rs79926925, in an intergenic region between GJB6 and CRYL1. These novel findings differing by sex and racial/ethnic group warrant replication in additional diverse studies with direct visceral fat measurements.

Project description:The global rise in fatty liver is a major public health problem. Thus, it is critical to identify both global and population-specific genetic variants associated with liver fat. We conducted a genome-wide association study (GWAS) of percent liver fat and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) assessed by magnetic resonance imaging in 1,709 participants from the population-based Multiethnic Cohort Adiposity Phenotype Study. Our participants comprised older adults of five U.S. racial/ethnic groups: African Americans (n = 277), Japanese Americans (n = 424), Latinos (n = 348), Native Hawaiians (n = 274), and European Americans (n = 386). The established missense risk variant rs738409 located in patatin-like phospholipase domain containing 3 (PNPLA3) at 22q13 was confirmed to be associated with percent liver fat (P = 3.52 × 10-15) but more strongly in women than men (P heterogeneity = 0.002). Its frequency correlated with the prevalence of NAFLD across the five ethnic/racial groups. Rs738409 was also associated with homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) (beta = 0.028; P = 0.009) and circulating levels of insulin (beta = 0.022; P = 0.020) and alanine aminotransferase (beta = 0.016; P = 0.030). A novel association of percent liver fat with rs77249491 (located at 6q13 between limb region 1 domain containing 1 [LMBRD1] and collagen type XIX alpha 1 chain [COL19A1] (P = 1.42 × 10-8) was also observed. Rs7724941 was associated with HOMA-IR (beta = 0.12; P = 0.0005), insulin (beta = 0.11; P = 0.0003), triglycerides (beta = 0.059; P = 0.01), high-density lipoprotein (beta = -0.046; P = 0.04), and sex hormone binding globulin (beta = -0.084; P = 0.0012). This variant was present in Japanese Americans (minor allele frequency [MAF], 8%) and Native Hawaiians (MAF, 2%). Conclusion: We replicated the PNPLA3 rs738409 association in a multiethnic population and identified a novel liver fat risk variant in Japanese Americans and Native Hawaiians. GWASes of percent liver fat in East Asian and Oceanic populations are needed to replicate the rs77249491 association.

Project description:BackgroundVisceral adiposity is an important risk factor for cardiometabolic diseases.ObjectiveTo determine whether the Metabolic Score for Visceral Fat (METS-VF) is more effective than other adiposity indices in predicting visceral fat area (VFA).MethodsIn this single-center and cross-sectional study, we included patients aged 20-50 years, without diabetes and coronary artery disease, who underwent computed tomography (CT) including the third lumbar vertebra. Age, blood pressure, waist circumference (WC), hip circumference, fasting lipids, and glucose were assessed. VFA was measured by cross-sectional examination of CT. The correlation of WC, body mass index (BMI), waist-hip ratio (WHR), lipid accumulation product (LAP), visceral adiposity index (VAI), a body shape index (ABSI), body roundness index (BRI), and METS-VF with VFA was analyzed by correlation analysis. The cut-off values and area under the curve (AUC) for identifying increased VFA (>130 cm2) were determined.ResultsWe included 185 individuals with mean age 38.2 ± 8 and female predominance (58.4%). There was a significant positive correlation between all indices and VFA (p<0.001). ROC analysis revealed that METS-VF and WC demonstrated the highest predictive value for identifying increased VFA. In both men (p=0.001) and women (p<0.001), METS-VF (AUC 0.922 and 0.939, respectively) showed a significant superiority over ABSI (AUC 0.702 and 0.658, respectively), and VAI (AUC 0.731 and 0.725, respectively). Additionally, in women, its superiority over WHR (AUC 0.807) was also statistically significant (p=0.003). We identified a METS-VF cut-off point >6.4 in males >6.5 in females and WC cut-off point >88 cm in males (AUC 0.922), >90.5 cm in females (AUC 0.938).ConclusionMETS-VF is strongly associated with visceral adiposity and better to predict increased VFA. However, its superiority over WC, BMI, BRI, and LAP was not significant. The results emphasize that WC is more appealing as screening indicator for visceral adiposity considering its easy use.Clinical trial registry nameClinicaltrials.gov (http://www.clinicaltrials.gov).Clinical trial registry urlhttps://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT05648409.Clinical trial registry numberNCT05648409.

Project description:BackgroundCardiometabolic risk is high in patients with hypogonadism. Visceral adiposity index (VAI) and triglyceride/high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (TG/HDL-C) ratio are the practical markers of atherosclerosis and insulin resistance and independent predictors of cardiaovascular risk. To date, no study has evaluated VAI levels and TG/HDL-C ratio in hypogonadism.Subjects and methodsA total of 112 patients with congenital hypogonadotrophic hypogonadism (CHH) (mean age, 21.7 ± 2.06 years) and 124 healthy subjects (mean age, 21.5 ± 1.27 years) were enrolled. The demographic parameters, VAI, TG/HDL-C ratio, asymmetric dimethylarginine (ADMA), high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP), and homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) levels were measured for all participants.ResultsThe patients had higher total cholesterol (p = 0.04), waist circumference, triglycerides, insulin, and HOMA-IR levels (p = 0.001 for all) than the healthy subjects. VAI and ADMA and TG/HDL-C levels were also higher in patients than in healthy subjects (p < 0.001 for all). VAI was weakly correlated with ADMA (r = 0.27, p = 0.015), HOMA-IR (r = 0.22, p = 0.006), hs-CRP (r = 0.19, p = 0.04), and total testosterone (r = -0.21, p = 0.009) levels, whereas TG/HDL-C ratio was weakly correlated weakly with ADMA (r = 0.30, p = 0.003), HOMA-IR (r = 0.22, p = 0.006), and total testosterone (r = -0.16, p = 0.03) levels. Neither VAI nor TG/HDL-C ratio determined ADMA, HOMA-IR, and hs-CRP levels.ConclusionsThe results of this study demonstrate that patients with hypogonadism have elevated VAI and TG/HDL-C ratio. These values are significantly correlated with the surrogate markers of endothelial dysfunction, inflammation, and insulin resistance. However, the predictive roles of VAI and TG/HDL-C ratio are not significant. Prospective follow-up studies are warranted to clarify the role of VAI and TG/HDL-C ratio in predicting cardiometabolic risk in patients with hypogonadism.

Dataset Information

Association Between Liver Fat and Bone Density is Confounded by General and Visceral Adiposity in a Community-Based Cohort.

Objective

Methods

Results

Conclusions

Publications

Association Between Liver Fat and Bone Density is Confounded by General and Visceral Adiposity in a Community-Based Cohort.

Similar Datasets

OmicsDI is part of the ELIXIR infrastructure

Tweets