Biomarkers of ketamine's antidepressant effect: a clinical review of genetics, functional connectivity, and neurophysiology.

ABSTRACT: Major depressive disorder (MDD) is one of the leading causes of morbidity and all-cause mortality (including suicide) worldwide, and, unfortunately, first-line monoaminergic antidepressants and evidence-based psychotherapies are not effective for all patients. Subanesthetic doses of the N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor antagonists and glutamate modulators ketamine and S-ketamine have rapid and robust antidepressant efficacy in such treatment-resistant depressed patients (TRD). Yet, as with all antidepressant treatments including electroconvulsive therapy (ECT), not all TRD patients adequately respond, and we are presently unable to a priori predict who will respond or not respond to ketamine. Therefore, antidepressant treatment response biomarkers to ketamine have been a major focus of

SUBMITTER: Alario AA 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC8186113 | biostudies-literature | 2021 Jan-Dec

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature