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On the permittivity of titanium dioxide.

ABSTRACT: Conductive rutile TiO₂ has received considerable attention recently due to multiple applications. However, the permittivity in conductive, reduced or doped TiO₂ appears to cause controversy with reported values in the range 100-10,000. In this work, we propose a method for measurements of the permittivity in conductive, n-type TiO₂ that involves: (i) hydrogen ion-implantation to form a donor concentration peak at a known depth, and (ii) capacitance-voltage measurements for donor profiling. We cannot confirm the claims stating an extremely high permittivity of single crystalline TiO₂. On the contrary, the permittivity of conductive, reduced single crystalline TiO₂ is similar to that of insulating TiO₂ established previously, with a Curie-Weiss type temperature dependence and the values in the range 160-240 along with the c-axis.

SUBMITTER: Bonkerud J

PROVIDER: S-EPMC8203734 | biostudies-literature | 2021 Jun

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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On the permittivity of titanium dioxide.

Bonkerud Julie J Zimmermann Christian C Weiser Philip Michael PM Vines Lasse L Monakhov Eduard V EV

Scientific reports 20210614 1

Conductive rutile TiO2 has received considerable attention recently due to multiple applications. However, the permittivity in conductive, reduced or doped TiO2 appears to cause controversy with reported values in the range 100-10,000. In this work, we propose a method for measurements of the permittivity in conductive, n-type TiO2 that involves: (i) hydrogen ion-implantation to form a donor concentration peak at a known depth, and (ii) capacitance-voltage measur ...[more]

PMID: 34127766

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Project description:Interventions: This study is a cross-over design, including only healthy volunteers. A cross-over design was chosen because it is the most appropriate design for this study: it will reduce the individual differences by allowing every subject to be his own control. This study will be done in 4 weeks and include 2 periods. The volunteers will be randomized in two groups: one group will start with the intervention period and the other one will start with the control period. After, these 2 weeks of intervention or control periods, the volunteers will start the control period and intervention period respectively for another 2 weeks. The time of exposure is 2 weeks. Indeed, it takes 5 to 7 days for the turnover of the epithelial cells in the gut. This will ensure the exposure of all the cells of the luminal surface of the colon. The control period, is meant to reduce to a minimum the ingestion of E171 in order to have all the volunteers to start the same level of E171. During this period the volunteers will receive a list of products to avoid like cookies, chewing gum, certain toothpaste that are known to contain a significant amount of E171. The intervention period, is meant to control the amount of E171 that the volunteers will ingest. A concentration, 0.82 mg/kg bw/day, corresponding to a normal daily consumption will be given to the volunteers. The quantity will be adjusted to the body weight and dispersed in yoghurt that will be eaten at breakfast, lunch and dinner. In order to verify the compliance of the subjects, once in every period the subjects will prepare a package that include exactly what they ate and drank all day. This food package will be mixed and tested for TiO2 content. Primary outcome(s): The primary outcome parameters are differences in transcriptomic markers after consumption of food additive E171. These outcomes in humans will shed light on the relevance of markers identified in preclinical studies, and how the animal data on the risk of facilitation of tumour growth can be extrapolated to humans Study Design: Randomized controlled trial, Single blinded (masking used), N/A , unknown, Crossover

Dataset Information

On the permittivity of titanium dioxide.

Publications

On the permittivity of titanium dioxide.

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