Dataset Information

Knowledge, attitudes and practices of West Africans on genetic studies of stroke: Evidence from the SIREN Study.

ABSTRACT:

Background

It is crucial to assess genomic literacy related to stroke among Africans in preparation for the ethical, legal and societal implications of the genetic revolution which has begun in Africa.

Objective

To assess the knowledge, attitudes and practices (KAP) of West Africans about stroke genetic studies.

Methods

A comparative cross-sectional study was conducted among stroke patients and stroke-free controls recruited across 15 sites in Ghana and Nigeria. Participants' knowledge of heritability of stroke, willingness to undergo genetic testing and perception of the potential benefits of stroke genetic research were assessed using interviewer-administered questionnaire. Descriptive, frequency distribution and multiple regression analyses were performed.

Results

Only 49% of 2029 stroke patients and 57% of 2603 stroke-free individuals knew that stroke was a heritable disorder. Among those who knew, 90% were willing to undergo genetic testing. Knowledge of stroke heritability was associated with having at least post-secondary education (OR 1.51, 1.25-1.81) and a family history of stroke (OR 1.20, 1.03-1.39) while Islamic religion (OR=0.82, CI: 0.72-0.94), being currently unmarried (OR = 0.81, CI: 0.70-0.92), and alcohol use (OR = 0.78, CI: 0.67-0.91) were associated with lower odds of awareness of stroke as a heritable disorder. Willingness to undergo genetic testing for stroke was associated with having a family history of stroke (OR 1.34, 1.03-1.74) but inversely associated with a medical history of high blood pressure (OR = 0.79, 0.65-0.96).

Conclusion

To further improve knowledge of stroke heritability and willingness to embrace genetic testing for stroke, individuals with less formal education, history of high blood pressure and no family history of stroke require targeted interventions.

SUBMITTER: Akinyemi RO

PROVIDER: S-EPMC8325169 | biostudies-literature | 2019 Jan

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Publications

Knowledge, attitudes and practices of West Africans on genetic studies of stroke: Evidence from the SIREN Study.

Akinyemi Rufus O RO Sarfo Fred S FS Akinyemi Joshua J Singh Arti A Onoja Akpa Matthew M Akpalu Albert A Owolabi Lukman L Adeoye Abiodun M AM Obiako Reginald R Wahab Kolawole K Sanya Emmanuel E Komolafe Morenikeji M Ogbole Godwin G Fawale Michael M Adebayo Philip P Osaigbovo Godwin G Sunmonu Taofiki T Olowoyo Paul P Chukwuonye Innocent I Obiabo Yahaya Y Adeniji Olaleye O Fakunle Gregory G Melikam Ezinne E Saulson Raelle R Yaria Joseph J Uwanruochi Kelechi K Ibinaiye Phillip P Amusa Ganiyu Adeniyi GA Yahaya Isah Suleiman IS Dambatta Abdullahi Hamisu AH Faniyan Mercy M Olowoniyi Peter P Bock-Oruma Andrew A Joseph Odo Chidi OC Oguntade Ayodipupo A Kolo Philip P Laryea Ruth R Lakoh Sulaiman S Uvere Ezinne E Farombi Temitope T Akpalu Josephine J Oyinloye Olalekan O Appiah Lambert L Calys-Tagoe Benedict B Shidali Vincent V Tabari Nasir Abdulkadir NA Adebayo Oladimeji O Efidi Richard R Adeleye Osi O Owusu Dorcas D Ogunjimi Luqman L Aridegbe Olumayowa O Imoh Chidiebere Lucius CL Sanni Taofeeq T Gebreziabher Mulugeta M Hemant Tiwari T Arulogun Oyedunni O Ogunniyi Adesola A Jenkins Carolyn C Owolabi Mayowa M Ovbiagele Bruce B

International journal of stroke : official journal of the International Stroke Society 20180724 1

<h4>Background</h4>It is crucial to assess genomic literacy related to stroke among Africans in preparation for the ethical, legal and societal implications of the genetic revolution which has begun in Africa.<h4>Objective</h4>To assess the knowledge, attitudes and practices (KAP) of West Africans about stroke genetic studies.<h4>Methods</h4>A comparative cross-sectional study was conducted among stroke patients and stroke-free controls recruited across 15 sites in Ghana and Nigeria. Participant ...[more]

PMID: 30040054

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Project description:Background and purposeTo identify the qualitative and quantitative contributions of conventional risk factors for occurrence of ischemic stroke and its key pathophysiologic subtypes among West Africans.MethodsThe SIREN (Stroke Investigative Research and Educational Network) is a multicenter, case-control study involving 15 sites in Ghana and Nigeria. Cases include adults aged ≥18 years with ischemic stroke who were etiologically subtyped using the A-S-C-O-D classification into atherosclerosis, small-vessel occlusion, cardiac pathology, other causes, and dissection. Controls were age- and gender-matched stroke-free adults. Detailed evaluations for vascular, lifestyle, and psychosocial factors were performed. We used conditional logistic regression to estimate adjusted odds ratios with 95% CI.ResultsThere were 2431 ischemic stroke case and stroke-free control pairs with respective mean ages of 62.2±14.0 versus 60.9±13.7 years. There were 1024 (42.1%) small vessel occlusions, 427 (17.6%) large-artery atherosclerosis, 258 (10.6%) cardio-embolic, 3 (0.1%) carotid dissections, and 719 (29.6%) undetermined/other causes. The adjusted odds ratio (95% CI) for the 8 dominant risk factors for ischemic stroke were hypertension, 10.34 (6.91-15.45); dyslipidemia, 5.16 (3.78-7.03); diabetes, 3.44 (2.60-4.56); low green vegetable consumption, 1.89 (1.45-2.46); red meat consumption, 1.89 (1.45-2.46); cardiac disease, 1.88 (1.22-2.90); monthly income $100 or more, 1.72 (1.24-2.39); and psychosocial stress, 1.62 (1.18-2.21). Hypertension, dyslipidemia, diabetes were confluent factors shared by small-vessel, large-vessel and cardio-embolic subtypes. Stroke cases and stroke-free controls had a mean of 5.3±1.5 versus 3.2±1.0 adverse cardio-metabolic risk factors respectively (P<0.0001).ConclusionsTraditional vascular risk factors demonstrate important differential effect sizes with pathophysiologic, clinical and preventative implications on the occurrence of ischemic stroke among indigenous West Africans.

Project description:BackgroundThere are limited data from Africa on the burden and associations between pre-diabetes (pre-DM), diabetes mellitus (DM) and stroke occurrence in a region experiencing a profound rise in stroke burden.PurposeTo characterize the associations between stroke and dysglycemic status among West Africans.MethodsThe Stroke Investigative Research and Educational Network (SIREN) is a multicenter, case-control study involving 15 sites in Ghana and Nigeria. Cases include adults aged ≥18 years with clinical and radiological evidence of an acute stroke. Controls were age-and-gender matched stroke-free adults. Detailed evaluations for vascular factors were performed. Pre-diabetes was defined as HBA1c of 5.7%-6.4% or Fasting blood glucose (FBG) 5.6-7.0 mmol/L and DM as HBA1c >6.5% or FBG>7.0 mmol/L. We used conditional logistic regression to estimate adjusted odds ratios (aOR) with 95% Confidence Interval.ResultsAmong 2,935 stroke cases the mean age was 60.0 ± 14.2 years with 55.2% being males. By glycemic status, 931 (31.7%) were euglycemic, 633 (21.6%) had Pre-diabetes and 1371 (46.7%) had DM. Of the age- and sex-matched stroke-free controls 69.2% were euglycemic, 13.3% had pre-DM and 17.5% had DM. Pre-DM [aOR (95% CI): 3.68(2.61-5.21)] and DM [4.29 (3.19-5.74)] were independently associated with stroke. The aOR of Pre-DM for ischemic stroke 3.06 (2.01-4.64)] was lower than 4.82 (3.37-6.89) for DM. However, the aOR of Pre-DM for hemorrhagic stroke 6.81 (95% CI: 3.29 - 14.08)] was higher than 3.36 (1.94-5.86) for DM. Furthermore, the aOR of pre-DM for ischemic stroke subtypes were 9.64 (1.30-71.57) for cardio-embolic stroke, 3.64 (1.80-7.34) for small-vessel occlusive disease and 4.63 (0.80-26.65) for large-vessel disease.ConclusionPre-DM is strongly and independently associated with stroke in Africans. Improving glycemic control through screening, healthy lifestyle and pharmacotherapy at a population level may be strategic in reducing the rising burden of stroke in Africa.

Project description:IntroductionDental practice experienced two important evolutions: the development of the concept of evidence-based dentistry (EBD) and the changes in the relationship between dentists and patients. Thus, the practitioner is invited nowadays to give a treatment that reflects the best available evidence.The purpose of this study is to explore knowledge, attitudes, and practices of dentists toward the concept of EBD.MethodsThis is a cross sectional study that was conducted among dentists in public and private sector in Morocco. A self-administered questionnaire with 27 questions was delivered to practitioners. The comparison was carried out using the Khi2 test or Fisher's exact test, t-test or the Mann-Whitney. Logistic regression was performed to assess factors associated with the application of EBD. Linear regression was also performed to identify factors that impact knowledge, attitude and practice score.ResultsA total of 209 responses was received. 58% of the participants were in the private sector, and 32.7% were academics. The main reported obstacles were the lack of time 44% and lack of training on critical appraisal 60.3%. Knowledge of PICO question formulation and previous EBD training was significantly related to the implementation of EBD in multivariate analysis in logistic regression (OR = 8.163- CI95%: 2.095-31.80 and OR = 12.79- CI95%: 2.868-57 respectively). The total score of surveyed dentists was affected by the knowledge of PICO question formulation and the knowledge of relevant information sources (PubMed/Medline, the Cochrane library) (β = 3.04- CI95%: 0.411-5.66, β = 6.29- CI95%: 2.92-9.66 and β = 8.35- CI95%: 5.89-10.81 respectively).ConclusionBased on the findings of this study, application of EBD was associated with knowledge of PICO question formulation and previous EBD training. The lack of time was the most common obstacles identified by the participants applying EBD. Therefore, EBD educational programs should be developed for dental practitioners to enhance their knowledge and skills.

Dataset Information

Knowledge, attitudes and practices of West Africans on genetic studies of stroke: Evidence from the SIREN Study.

Background

Objective

Methods

Results

Conclusion

Publications

Knowledge, attitudes and practices of West Africans on genetic studies of stroke: Evidence from the SIREN Study.

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