Dataset Information

Frailty but not sarcopenia nor malnutrition increases the risk of developing COVID-19 in older community-dwelling adults.

ABSTRACT:

Background

The identification of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) risk factors is requested to implement prevention strategies.

Aim

To explore the associations between the COVID-19 incidence and malnutrition, sarcopenia, and frailty, identified as potential risk factors in previous cross-sectional studies.

Methods

Malnutrition, sarcopenia, and frailty were assessed at the last available follow-up from the Sarcopenia and Physical Impairments with Advancing Age (SarcoPhAge) cohort (i.e., the fifth year that ended in 2019) according to the Mini-Nutritional Assessment short-form, the European Working Group on Sarcopenia in Older People (EWGSOP2), and the Fried criteria, respectively. Information regarding the COVID-19 was gathered by phone calls interviews in April 2021 to measure its self-declared incidence. Adjusted Cox regressions and Kaplan-Meier curves were performed.

Results

The present study included 241 participants [median age 75.6 (73.0-80.6) years, 63.1% women]. Among them, 27 participants (11.2%) developed the non-fatal Covid-19. No significant increased risks of COVID-19 were observed in patients with malnutrition [adjusted HR 1.14 (0.26-5.07)] and sarcopenia [adjusted HR 1.25 (0.35-4.42)]. Nevertheless, the incidence of COVID-19 was significantly higher in frail (44.4%) than in robust participants (8.5%) [Adjusted HR 7.01 (2.69-18.25)], which was confirmed by the Kaplan-Meier curves (p < 0.001). Among the frailty syndrome components, a low physical activity level was the only one significantly associated with an increased risk of COVID-19 [adjusted HR 5.18 (1.37-19.54)].

Conclusion

Despite some limitations in the methodology of this study (i.e., limited sample size, COVID-19 incidence self-reported and not assessed systematically using objective measurements) requiring careful consideration, an increased risk to develop COVID-19 was observed in the presence of the frailty syndrome. Further investigations are needed to elaborate on our findings.

SUBMITTER: Lengele L

PROVIDER: S-EPMC8541803 | biostudies-literature | 2022 Jan

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Publications

Frailty but not sarcopenia nor malnutrition increases the risk of developing COVID-19 in older community-dwelling adults.

Lengelé Laetitia L Locquet Médéa M Moutschen Michel M Beaudart Charlotte C Kaux Jean-François JF Gillain Sophie S Reginster Jean-Yves JY Bruyère Olivier O

Aging clinical and experimental research 20211023 1

<h4>Background</h4>The identification of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) risk factors is requested to implement prevention strategies.<h4>Aim</h4>To explore the associations between the COVID-19 incidence and malnutrition, sarcopenia, and frailty, identified as potential risk factors in previous cross-sectional studies.<h4>Methods</h4>Malnutrition, sarcopenia, and frailty were assessed at the last available follow-up from the Sarcopenia and Physical Impairments with Advancing Age (SarcoPhAge ...[more]

PMID: 34689315

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Project description:BackgroundThere is an increasingly strong association between sarcopenia and malnutrition in research findings. We aimed to determine the prevalence and factors associated with sarcopenia in community-dwelling older adults (≥ 65 years) at risk of malnutrition based on Malnutrition Universal Screening Tool (MUST).MethodsThis was a cross-sectional study of 811 participants. Participants were recruited from the general population, community centers, senior activity centers, polyclinics, and hospital. Community-dwelling older adults at risk of malnutrition participated in the study. Participants' data and measurements were collected at the baseline visit. Data included socio-demographic information, anthropometric measurements, body composition, dietary intakes, and functional assessments. Sarcopenia was defined using the Asian Working Group for Sarcopenia 2019 consensus.ResultsOf the 694 participants with complete datasets, overall prevalence of sarcopenia was 76% (n = 530); 57% (n = 393) had severe sarcopenia. In the overall cohort, compared to participants without sarcopenia, those with sarcopenia were older, had lower physical activity scale for the elderly score, leg strength, handgrip endurance, mid-upper arm circumference, calf circumference, and bone mass, and had lower dietary protein intake and poorer nutritional status (all p ≤ 0.015). After adjusting for confounders, sarcopenia was significantly associated with older age, male gender, higher risk of malnutrition, lower calf circumference, and lower bone mass (all p ≤ 0.044).ConclusionsIn community-dwelling older adults at risk of malnutrition, there is a high prevalence of sarcopenia and severe sarcopenia. As such, screening positive for either malnutrition risk or sarcopenia in older adults should prompt screening for the other risk factor, to allow early institution of disease modifying interventions to forestall adverse outcomes for both malnutrition and sarcopenia.Trial registrationThe study was registered at clinicaltrials.gov as NCT03245047 .

Dataset Information

Frailty but not sarcopenia nor malnutrition increases the risk of developing COVID-19 in older community-dwelling adults.

Background

Aim

Methods

Results

Conclusion

Publications

Frailty but not sarcopenia nor malnutrition increases the risk of developing COVID-19 in older community-dwelling adults.

Similar Datasets

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