Dataset Information

Deep Brain Stimulation and Swimming Performance: A Randomized Within-Person Crossover Study.

ABSTRACT:

Objective

To determine whether deep brain stimulation (DBS) causes swimming impairment, we systematically compared swimming ability between DBS on vs off in 18 patients.

Methods

We conducted a randomized blinded crossover study, comparing swimming ability between DBS on vs off, within participants. Participants swam 3 laps of front crawl and 3 laps of breaststroke. Prespecifed primary outcomes were proportion of lap completed, lap time, and Aquatic Skills Proficiency Assessment (ASPA) score. Prespecified secondary outcomes were a qualitative description of marked changes observed.

Results

Eighteen participants with Parkinson disease (n = 13), essential tremor (n = 3), Tourette syndrome (n = 1), or posttraumatic brain injury proximal tremor (n = 1), treated with posterior subthalamic area (n = 15) or globus pallidus interna (n = 3) DBS were assessed. There was no significant effect of DBS on/off status on any outcome measure for front crawl or breaststroke. Three participants showed changes in both qualitative and quantitative assessments. Of these, 1 participant displayed reduction in swimming ability: impairment in all outcomes with DBS on, normalizing with DBS off (the same individual as previously reported). The participant displayed difficulty coordinating limb movement as well as postural control. Two participants showed improvements in lap time and ASPA scores with DBS on.

Conclusion

Overall DBS did not impair swimming performance, although 1 patient demonstrated a stimulation-induced drowning hazard. There were no anatomic or clinical features unique to the individual with swimming impairment. Patients should be warned about the possibility of DBS-induced drowning hazard and should swim with capable supervision after DBS.

Classification of evidence

This study provides Class IV evidence that for patients with implanted DBS electrodes, the stimulation on condition, compared with stimulation off, did not significantly impair swimming performance. A formal assessment of unblinding would have been helpful.

SUBMITTER: Morgan SK

PROVIDER: S-EPMC8610528 | biostudies-literature | 2021 Oct

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

ACCESS DATA

Publications

Deep Brain Stimulation and Swimming Performance: A Randomized Within-Person Crossover Study.

Morgan Sarah Katherine SK Bangash Omar Khan OK Benjanuvatra Nat N Thorburn Megan M Du Plessis Irné I Jacques Angela A Powers Georgina G Lind Christopher R P CRP

Neurology. Clinical practice 20211001 5

<h4>Objective</h4>To determine whether deep brain stimulation (DBS) causes swimming impairment, we systematically compared swimming ability between DBS on vs off in 18 patients.<h4>Methods</h4>We conducted a randomized blinded crossover study, comparing swimming ability between DBS on vs off, within participants. Participants swam 3 laps of front crawl and 3 laps of breaststroke. Prespecifed primary outcomes were proportion of lap completed, lap time, and Aquatic Skills Proficiency Assessment (A ...[more]

PMID: 34840886

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Project description:BackgroundSaudi Arabia implemented a plain tobacco packaging regulation, one of the World Health Organization's recommended initiatives to help reduce smoking rates, in August 2019. A few weeks after implementation, a large number of smokers complained via various media channels, especially social media (eg, Twitter), that an extreme change in cigarette taste had occurred, frequency of coughing had increased, and for some, shortness of breath had led to hospitalization.ObjectiveThe main objective is to determine whether smokers blinded to cigarette branding report differences in taste between branded and unbranded cigarettes. The secondary objective is to observe the frequency of immediate cough or shortness of breath.MethodsThis study employed a within-person, randomized crossover design that recruited current smokers 18 years and older who were cleared upon physical assessment before the experiment. Participants received 6 sequences of different random exposures (3 puffs) to 3 plain-packaged cigarettes (2 from their favorite brand and 1 from another brand as a control) and 3 branded cigarettes (2 from the favorite brand and 1 from another brand as a control). Participants wore virtual reality goggles accompanied by special software to alter visual reality and gloves to alter the touch sensation.ResultsThis study recruited 18 participants, measured at 6 time points, to produce 108 experiments. Participants were not able to identify the correct type of cigarettes (plain or branded, estimate of fixed effect=-0.01, P=.79). Moreover, there were no differences in the ability of the participants to identify their favorite brand (t107=-0.63, mean 0.47, P=.53). In terms of immediate coughing, out of the 108 experiments, 1 episode of short coughing was observed, which was attributed to the branded cigarette, not the plain-packaged cigarette.ConclusionsAfter controlling the visual and touch sensations, participants were not able to differentiate between branded and plain-packaged cigarettes in terms of taste or inducing immediate shortness of breath or cough. Interestingly, participants were not able to identify their favorite brand.

Dataset Information

Deep Brain Stimulation and Swimming Performance: A Randomized Within-Person Crossover Study.

Objective

Methods

Results

Conclusion

Classification of evidence

Publications

Deep Brain Stimulation and Swimming Performance: A Randomized Within-Person Crossover Study.

Similar Datasets

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