Dataset Information

Effects of Weight Loss on Adipose and Muscular Neuropilin 1 mRNA Expression in Obesity: Potential Implication in SARS-CoV-2 Infections?

ABSTRACT:

Introduction

Neuropilin 1 (NRP-1) is a novel co-receptor promoting SARS-CoV-2 infectivity. Animal data indicate a role in trans-endothelial lipid transport and storage. As human data are sparse, we aimed to assess the role of NRP-1 in 2 metabolic active tissues in human obesity and in the context of weight loss-induced short- and long-term metabolic changes.

Methods

After a standardized 12-week weight reduction program, 143 subjects (age >18; body mass index ≥27 kg/m2, 78% female) were randomized to a 12-month lifestyle intervention or a control group using a stratified randomization scheme. This was followed by 6-month follow-up without any intervention. Phenotyping was performed before and after weight loss, after 12-month intervention and after subsequent 6 months of follow-up. Tissue-specific insulin sensitivity was estimated by HOMA-IR (whole body and mostly driven by liver), insulin sensitivity index (ISI)Clamp (predominantly skeletal muscle), and free fatty acid (FFA) suppression during hyperinsulinemic-euglycemic clamp (FFASupp) (predominantly adipose tissue). NRP-1 mRNA expression was measured in subcutaneous adipose tissue (NRP-1AT) and skeletal muscle (NRP-1SM) before and after weight loss.

Results

NRP-1 was highly expressed in adipose tissue (7,893 [7,303-8,536] counts), but neither NRP-1AT nor NRP-1SM were related to estimates of obesity. Higher NRP-1AT was associated with stronger FFASupp (r = -0.343, p = 0.003) and a tendency to higher ISIClamp (r = 0.202, p = 0.085). Weight loss induced a decline of NRP-1AT but not NRP-1SM. This was more pronounced in subjects with stronger reduction of adipose ACE-2 mRNA expression (r = 0.250; p = 0.032) but was not associated with short- and long-term improvement of FFASupp and ISIClamp.

Conclusion

NRP-1AT is related to adipose insulin sensitivity in obesity. Weight loss-induced decline of NRP-1AT seems not to be involved in metabolic short- and long-term improvements after weight loss. However, weight loss-induced reduction of both NRP-1AT and ACE-2AT indicates a lower susceptibility of adipose tissue for SARS-CoV-2 after body weight reduction.

SUBMITTER: Soll D

PROVIDER: S-EPMC8820135 | biostudies-literature | 2022

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Publications

Effects of Weight Loss on Adipose and Muscular Neuropilin 1 mRNA Expression in Obesity: Potential Implication in SARS-CoV-2 Infections?

Soll Dominik D Beer Finja F Spranger Leonard L Li Linna L Spranger Joachim J Mai Knut K

Obesity facts 20211210 1

<h4>Introduction</h4>Neuropilin 1 (NRP-1) is a novel co-receptor promoting SARS-CoV-2 infectivity. Animal data indicate a role in trans-endothelial lipid transport and storage. As human data are sparse, we aimed to assess the role of NRP-1 in 2 metabolic active tissues in human obesity and in the context of weight loss-induced short- and long-term metabolic changes.<h4>Methods</h4>After a standardized 12-week weight reduction program, 143 subjects (age >18; body mass index ≥27 kg/m2, 78% female) ...[more]

PMID: 34903696

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Project description:Background & aimsAngiotensin converting enzyme (ACE)-2 is a modulator of adipose tissue metabolism. However, human data of adipose ACE-2 is rarely available. Considering that, ACE-2 is believed to be the receptor responsible for cell entry of SARS-CoV-2, a better understanding of its regulation is desirable. We therefore characterized the modulation of subcutaneous adipose ACE-2 mRNA expression during weight loss and the impact of ACE-2 expression on weight loss induced short- and long-term improvements of glucose metabolism.Methods143 subjects (age > 18; BMI ≥ 27 kg/m2) were analyzed before and after a standardized 12-week dietary weight reduction program. Afterwards subjects were randomized to a 12-month lifestyle intervention or a control group (Maintain-Adults trial). Insulin sensitivity (IS) was estimated by HOMA-IR (as an estimate of liver IS) and ISIClamp (as an estimate of skeletal muscle IS). ACE-2 mRNA expression (ACE-2AT) was measured in subcutaneous adipose tissue before and after weight loss.ResultsACE-2AT was not affected by obesity, but was reduced in insulin resistant subjects. Weight loss resulted in a decline of ACE-2AT (29.0 (20.0-47.9) vs. 21.0 (13.0-31.0); p = 1.6 ∗ 10-7). A smaller reduction of ACE-2 AT (ΔACE-2AT) was associated with a larger improvement of ISIClamp (p = 0.013) during weight reduction over 3 months, but not with the extend of weight loss. The degree of changes in insulin resistance were preserved until month 12 and was also predicted by the weight loss induced degree of ΔACE-2AT (p = 0.011).ConclusionsOur data indicate that subcutaneous adipose ACE-2 expression correlates with insulin sensitivity. Weight loss induced decline of subcutaneous adipose ACE-2 expression might affect short- and long-term improvement of myocellular insulin sensitivity, which might be also relevant in the context of ACE-2 downregulation by SARS-CoV-2.Trial registrationClinicalTrials.gov number: NCT00850629, https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT00850629, date of registration: February 25, 2009.

Dataset Information

Effects of Weight Loss on Adipose and Muscular Neuropilin 1 mRNA Expression in Obesity: Potential Implication in SARS-CoV-2 Infections?

Introduction

Methods

Results

Conclusion

Publications

Effects of Weight Loss on Adipose and Muscular Neuropilin 1 mRNA Expression in Obesity: Potential Implication in SARS-CoV-2 Infections?

Similar Datasets

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