Dataset Information

Body Composition and Metabolomics in the Alberta Physical Activity and Breast Cancer Prevention Trial.

ABSTRACT:

Background

Obesity is correlated with many biomarkers, but the extent to which these correlate with underlying body composition is poorly understood.

Objectives

Our objectives were to 1) describe/compare distinct contributions of fat/lean mass with BMI-metabolite correlations and 2) identify novel metabolite biomarkers of fat/lean mass.

Methods

The Alberta Physical Activity and Breast Cancer Prevention Trial was a 2-center randomized trial of healthy, inactive, postmenopausal women (n = 304). BMI (in kg/m2) was calculated using weight and height, whereas DXA estimated fat/lean mass. Ultra-performance liquid chromatography and mass spectrometry measured relative concentrations of serum metabolite concentrations. We estimated partial Pearson correlations between 1052 metabolites and BMI, adjusting for age, smoking, and site. Fat mass index (FMI; kg/m2) and lean mass index (LMI; kg/m2) correlations were estimated similarly, with mutual adjustment to evaluate independent effects.

Results

Using a Bonferroni-corrected α level <4.75 × 10-5, we observed 53 BMI-correlated metabolites (|r| = 0.24-0.42). Of those, 21 were robustly correlated with FMI (|r| > 0.20), 25 modestly (0.10 ≤ |r| ≤ 0.20), and 7 virtually null (|r| < 0.10). Ten of 53 were more strongly correlated with LMI than with FMI. Examining non-BMI-correlated metabolites, 6 robustly correlated with FMI (|r| = 0.24-0.31) and 2 with LMI (r = 0.25-0.26). For these, correlations for fat and lean mass were in opposing directions compared with BMI-correlated metabolites, in which correlations were mostly in the same direction.

Conclusions

Our results demonstrate how a thorough evaluation of the components of fat and lean mass, along with BMI, provides a more accurate assessment of the associations between body composition and metabolites than BMI alone. Such an assessment makes evident that some metabolites correlated with BMI predominantly reflect lean mass rather than fat, and some metabolites related to body composition are not correlated with BMI. Correctly characterizing these relations is important for an accurate understanding of how and why obesity is associated with disease.

SUBMITTER: McClain KM

PROVIDER: S-EPMC8826845 | biostudies-literature | 2022 Feb

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Publications

Body Composition and Metabolomics in the Alberta Physical Activity and Breast Cancer Prevention Trial.

McClain Kathleen M KM Friedenreich Christine M CM Matthews Charles E CE Sampson Joshua N JN Check David P DP Brenner Darren R DR Courneya Kerry S KS Murphy Rachel A RA Moore Steven C SC

The Journal of nutrition 20220201 2

<h4>Background</h4>Obesity is correlated with many biomarkers, but the extent to which these correlate with underlying body composition is poorly understood.<h4>Objectives</h4>Our objectives were to 1) describe/compare distinct contributions of fat/lean mass with BMI-metabolite correlations and 2) identify novel metabolite biomarkers of fat/lean mass.<h4>Methods</h4>The Alberta Physical Activity and Breast Cancer Prevention Trial was a 2-center randomized trial of healthy, inactive, postmenopaus ...[more]

PMID: 34791348

Similar Datasets

Project description:There is strong evidence that physical activity (PA) reduces risk, recurrence, and mortality from breast cancer. Emerging data suggest that PA induces changes in inflammatory and immune mediators that may contribute to beneficial effects on breast cancer outcomes. Thus, the goal of this review was to evaluate the evidence linking the protective benefit of PA to modulation of immune responses in breast cancer. A literature search was conducted to identify studies that evaluated the impact of PA on tumor and immune outcomes in breast cancer patients and in mammary tumor models. Nineteen studies investigated the effect of PA interventions on cancer immune outcomes using preclinical breast cancer models. Tumor growth was reduced in 11 studies, unchanged in three studies, and increased in one study. Spontaneous metastasis was reduced in two studies and survival was improved in four studies. Frequently assessed immune outcomes include splenic cell number and function, circulating inflammatory cytokines, and intratumoral immune cells and inflammatory markers. Circulating inflammatory cytokine responses were heterogeneous in preclinical models. Within the tumor microenvironment (TME), several studies documented a change in the infiltration of immune cells with an increase in effector cells and a reduction in immune suppressive cells. Twenty-three studies investigated the effect of PA interventions on immune outcomes in breast cancer patients. Thirteen studies used aerobic PA interventions and 10 studies used a combination of aerobic and resistance exercise interventions. Cycling and treadmill activities were the most commonly used PA modalities. Circulating immune cells and inflammatory cytokines were the most frequently assessed immune outcomes in the clinical studies. Among the 19 studies that evaluated a PA intervention during the post treatment period, 10 reported a reduction in the levels of at least one inflammatory cytokine. No inflammatory cytokines were quantified in the three studies that evaluated a PA intervention during treatment with chemotherapy. Immune outcomes within the tumor were assessed in only one study performing a PA intervention prior to surgery. Results from preclinical and clinical studies suggest that PA exerts heterogeneous effects on inflammatory cytokines, but may alter the gene expression profile and immune infiltrates in the tumor which may result in a reduction in immunosuppressive factors. However, additional studies are needed to better understand the effect of PA on immune outcomes in the TME.

Dataset Information

Body Composition and Metabolomics in the Alberta Physical Activity and Breast Cancer Prevention Trial.

Background

Objectives

Methods

Results

Conclusions

Publications

Body Composition and Metabolomics in the Alberta Physical Activity and Breast Cancer Prevention Trial.

Similar Datasets

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