Lifespan associations of resting-state brain functional networks with ADHD symptoms
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ABSTRACT:
SUBMITTER: Wang R
PROVIDER: S-EPMC9272385 | biostudies-literature | 2022 Jun
REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature
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Project description:Prior research has shown that during development, there is increased segregation between, and increased integration within, prototypical resting-state functional brain networks. Functional networks are typically defined by static functional connectivity over extended periods of rest. However, little is known about how time-varying properties of functional networks change with age. Likewise, a comparison of standard approaches to functional connectivity may provide a nuanced view of how network integration and segregation are reflected across the lifespan. Therefore, this exploratory study evaluated common approaches to static and dynamic functional network connectivity in a publicly available dataset of subjects ranging from 8 to 75 years of age. Analyses evaluated relationships between age and static resting-state functional connectivity, variability (standard deviation) of connectivity, and mean dwell time of functional network states defined by recurring patterns of whole-brain connectivity. Results showed that older age was associated with decreased static connectivity between nodes of different canonical networks, particularly between the visual system and nodes in other networks. Age was not significantly related to variability of connectivity. Mean dwell time of a network state reflecting high connectivity between visual regions decreased with age, but older age was also associated with increased mean dwell time of a network state reflecting high connectivity within and between canonical sensorimotor and visual networks. Results support a model of increased network segregation over the lifespan and also highlight potential pathways of top-down regulation among networks.
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Project description:Studies of large-scale brain functional connectivity using the resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging have advanced our understanding of human brain functions. Although the evidence of dynamic functional connectivity is accumulating, the variations of functional connectivity over time have not been well characterized. In the present study, we aimed to associate the variations of functional connectivity with the intrinsic activities of resting-state networks during a single resting-state scan by comparing functional connectivity differences between when a network had higher and lower intrinsic activities. The activities of the salience network, default mode network (DMN), and motor network were associated with changes of resting-state functional connectivity. Higher activity of the salience network was accompanied by greater functional connectivity between the fronto-parietal regions and the DMN regions, and between the regions within the DMN. Higher DMN activity was associated with less connectivity between the regions within the DMN, and greater connectivity between the regions within the fronto-parietal network. Higher motor network activity was correlated with greater connectivity between the regions within the motor network, and smaller connectivity between the DMN regions and fronto-parietal regions, and between the DMN regions and the motor regions. In addition, the whole brain network modularity was positively correlated with the motor network activity, suggesting that the brain is more segregated as sub-systems when the motor network is intrinsically activated. Together, these results demonstrate the association between the resting-state connectivity variations and the intrinsic activities of specific networks, which can provide insights on the dynamic changes in large-scale brain connectivity and network configurations.
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Project description:ObjectiveThe aim of this study was to investigate the compromised developmental trajectory of the functional connectivity among resting-state-related functional networks (RSFNs) in medication-naïve children with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD).Subjects and methodsUsing both independent component analysis and dual regression, subject-specific time courses of 12 RSFNs were extracted from both 20 medication-naïve children with ADHD, and 20 age and gender-matched control children showing typical development (TDC). Both partial correlation coefficients among the 12 RSFNs and a resting-state resource allocation index (rsRAI) of the salience network (SN) were entered into multiple linear regression analysis to investigate the compromised, age-related change in medication-naïve ADHD children. Finally, correlation analyses were performed between the compromised RSFN connections showing significant group-by-age interaction and rsRAI of SN or clinical variables.ResultsMedication-naïve ADHD subjects failed to show age-related increment of functional connectivity in both rsRAI of SN and two RSFN connections, SN-Sensory/motor and posterior default mode/precuneus network (pDMN/prec)--anterior DMN. Lower SN-Sensory/motor connectivity was related with higher scores on the ADHD Rating Scale, and with poor scores on the continuous performance test. The pDMN/prec-aDMN connectivity was positively related with rsRAI of SN.ConclusionsOur results suggest that medication-naïve ADHD subjects may have delayed maturation of the two functional connections, SN-Sensory/Motor and aDMN-pDMN/prec. Interventions that enhance the functional connectivity of these two connections may merit attention as potential therapeutic or preventive options in both ADHD and TDC.
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