Dataset Information

Rest-Activity Rhythm Is Associated With Obesity Phenotypes: A Cross-Sectional Analysis.

ABSTRACT:

Background

The prevalence of obesity continues to increase in spite of substantial efforts towards its prevention, posing a major threat to health globally. Circadian disruption has been associated with a wide range of preclinical and clinical disorders, including obesity. However, whether rest-activity rhythm (RAR), an expression of the endogenous circadian rhythm, is associated with excess adiposity is poorly understood. Here we aimed to assess the association of RAR with general and abdominal obesity.

Methods

Non-institutionalized adults aged ≥20 years participating in the US National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2011-2014 who wore accelerometers for at least four 24-hour periods were included (N=7,838). Amplitude, mesor, acrophase and pseudo-F statistic of RAR were estimated using extended cosinor model, and interdaily stability (IS) and intradaily variability (IV) were computed by nonparametric methods. We tested the association between rest-activity rhythm and general obesity defined by body mass index and abdominal obesity by waist circumference. Waist-to-height ratio, sagittal abdominal diameter, and total and trunk fat percentages measured by imaging methods were also analyzed.

Results

In multivariable analysis, low amplitude (magnitude of the rhythm), mesor (rhythm-corrected average activity level), pseudo-F statistic (robustness of the rhythm), IS (day-to-day rhythm stability), or high IV (rhythm fragmentation) were independently associated with higher likelihood of general or abdominal obesity (all Ps<.05). Consistently, RAR metrics were similarly associated with all adiposity measures (all Ps<.01). Delayed phase of RAR (later acrophase) was only significantly related to general and abdominal obesity in women.

Conclusions

Aberrant RAR is independently associated with anthropometric and imaging measures of general and abdominal obesity. Longitudinal studies assessing whether RAR metrics can predict weight gain and incident obesity are warranted.

SUBMITTER: Li J

PROVIDER: S-EPMC9273840 | biostudies-literature | 2022

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

ACCESS DATA

Publications

Rest-Activity Rhythm Is Associated With Obesity Phenotypes: A Cross-Sectional Analysis.

Li Jingen J Vungarala Soumya S Somers Virend K VK Di Junrui J Lopez-Jimenez Francisco F Covassin Naima N

Frontiers in endocrinology 20220628

<h4>Background</h4>The prevalence of obesity continues to increase in spite of substantial efforts towards its prevention, posing a major threat to health globally. Circadian disruption has been associated with a wide range of preclinical and clinical disorders, including obesity. However, whether rest-activity rhythm (RAR), an expression of the endogenous circadian rhythm, is associated with excess adiposity is poorly understood. Here we aimed to assess the association of RAR with general and a ...[more]

PMID: 35837304

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Project description:BackgroundRest-activity rhythm (RAR), a manifestation of circadian rhythms, has been associated with morbidity and mortality risk. However, RAR patterns in the general population and specifically the role of demographic characteristics in RAR pattern have not been comprehensively assessed. Therefore, we aimed to describe RAR patterns among non-institutionalized US adults and age, sex, and race/ethnicity variation using accelerometry data from a nationally representative population.MethodsThis cross-sectional study was conducted using the US National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2011-2014. Participants aged ≥20 years who were enrolled in the physical activity monitoring examination and had at least four 24-h periods of valid wrist accelerometer data were included in the present analysis. 24-h RAR metrics were generated using both extended cosinor model (amplitude, mesor, acrophase and pseudo-F statistic) and nonparametric methods (interdaily stability [IS] and intradaily variability [IV]). Multivariable linear regression was used to assess the association between RAR and age, sex, and race/ethnicity.ResultsEight thousand two hundred participants (mean [SE] age, 49.1 [0.5] years) were included, of whom 52.2% were women and 67.3% Whites. Women had higher RAR amplitude and mesor, and also more robust (pseudo-F statistic), more stable (higher IS) and less fragmented (lower IV) RAR (all P trend < 0.001) than men. Compared with younger adults (20-39 years), older adults (≥ 60 years) exhibited reduced RAR amplitude and mesor, but more stable and less fragmented RAR, and also reached their peak activity earlier (advanced acrophase) (all P trend < 0.001). Relative to other racial/ethnic groups, Hispanics had the highest amplitude and mesor level, and most stable (highest IS) and least fragmented (lowest IV) RAR pattern (P trend < 0.001). Conversely, non-Hispanic blacks had the lowest peak activity level (lowest amplitude) and least stable (lowest IS) RAR pattern (all P trend < 0.001).ConclusionsIn the general adult population, RAR patterns vary significantly according to sex, age and race/ethnicity. These results may reflect demographic-dependent differences in intrinsic circadian rhythms and may have important implications for understanding racial, ethnic, sex and other disparities in morbidity and mortality risk.

Project description:Rest-activity rhythm (RAR) disturbances are associated with mood disorders. But there remains a need to identify the particular RAR profiles associated with psychiatric symptom dimensions. Establishing such profiles would support the development of tools that track the 24-h sleep-wake phenotypes signaling clinical heterogeneity. We used data-driven clustering to identify RAR profiles in 145 adults aged 36-82 years (mean = 60, standard deviation = 9). Then we evaluated psychiatric symptom dimensions (including positive and negative affect, depressive, manic-hypomanic, panic-agoraphobic, and substance use symptoms) associated with these empirically-derived RAR profiles. Clustering identified three sub-groups characterized, on average, by: (1) earlier and more robust RARs ("earlier/robust," n = 55, 38%); (2) later and irregular RARs ("later/irregular," n = 31, 21%); and (3) later RARs and a narrower active period ("later/narrower," n = 59, 41%). Compared with the "earlier/robust" group: the "later/irregular" group had higher levels of lifetime manic-hypomanic symptoms (β (standard error) = 0.80 (0.22) higher standardized symptom units, p = 0.0004) and lifetime depression symptoms (β (standard error) = 0.73 (0.21) higher standardized symptom units, p = 0.0009); the "later/narrower" group had more lifetime depression symptoms (β (standard error) = 0.48 (0.18) higher standardized symptom units, p = 0.0076). These associations persisted after adjustments for sleep continuity and duration, suggesting that RARs are distinct behavioral correlates of clinical heterogeneity. Longitudinal studies are needed to confirm whether RAR characteristics contribute to the risk of manic and/or depressive episodes, and whether they reflect the consequences of psychiatric disturbance (e.g., on quality of life or disability). Opportunities to monitor or intervene on objectively-assessed RARs could facilitate better mental health related outcomes.

Dataset Information

Rest-Activity Rhythm Is Associated With Obesity Phenotypes: A Cross-Sectional Analysis.

Background

Methods

Results

Conclusions

Publications

Rest-Activity Rhythm Is Associated With Obesity Phenotypes: A Cross-Sectional Analysis.

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