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Pregnancy-specific responses to COVID-19 are revealed by high-throughput proteomics of human plasma.

ABSTRACT: Pregnant women are at greater risk of adverse outcomes, including mortality, as well as obstetrical complications resulting from COVID-19. However, pregnancy-specific changes that underlie such worsened outcomes remain unclear. Herein, we profiled the plasma proteome of pregnant and non-pregnant COVID-19 patients and controls and showed alterations that display a dose-response relationship with disease severity; yet, such proteomic perturbations are dampened during pregnancy. In both pregnant and non-pregnant state, the proteome response induced by COVID-19 showed enrichment of mediators implicated in cytokine storm, endothelial dysfunction, and angiogenesis. Shared and pregnancy-specific proteomic changes were identified: pregnant women display a tailored response that may protect the conceptus from heightened inflammation, while non-pregnant individuals display a stronger response to repel infection. Furthermore, the plasma proteome can accurately identify COVID-19 patients, even when asymptomatic or with mild symptoms. This study represents the most comprehensive characterization of the plasma proteome of pregnant and non-pregnant COVID-19 patients.

SUBMITTER: Gomez-Lopez N

PROVIDER: S-EPMC9413722 | biostudies-literature | 2022 Aug

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Pregnancy-specific responses to COVID-19 are revealed by high-throughput proteomics of human plasma.

Gomez-Lopez Nardhy N Romero Roberto R Escobar María Fernanda MF Carvajal Javier Andres JA Echavarria Maria Paula MP Albornoz Ludwig L LL Nasner Daniela D Miller Derek D Gallo Dahiana M DM Galaz Jose J Arenas-Hernandez Marcia M Bhatti Gaurav G Done Bogdan B Zambrano Maria Andrea MA Ramos Isabella I Fernandez Paula Andrea PA Posada Leandro L Chaiworapongsa Tinnakorn T Jung Eunjung E Garcia-Flores Valeria V Suksai Manaphat M Gotsch Francesca F Bosco Mariachiara M Than Nandor Gabor NG Tarca Adi L AL

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Pregnant women are at greater risk of adverse outcomes, including mortality, as well as obstetrical complications resulting from COVID-19. However, pregnancy-specific changes that underlie such worsened outcomes remain unclear. Herein, we profiled the plasma proteome of pregnant and non-pregnant COVID-19 patients and controls and showed alterations that display a dose-response relationship with disease severity; yet, such proteomic perturbations are dampened during pregnancy. In both pregnant an ...[more]

PMID: 36032966

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Project description:The urgent need for diagnostics and therapeutics against the COVID-19 pandemic has shown the great potential of antibodies, proteomics and metabolomics in this direction. Several clinical trials are underway using antibodies from COVID-19 patients that show very specific and strong binding to viral proteins leading to neutralization. On the other hand, proteomic and metabolomic profiles of COVID-19 patients present novel diagnostic biomarkers to predict patient outcomes and enable the development of personalized therapeutics to target the dysregulated pathways, as revealed by those profiles. Here, we discuss how studies based on antibodies, proteomics and metabolomics contribute to the development of diagnostics and therapeutics against COVID-19. The elegant technology can extend to high-throughput, rapid and reliable drug discovery strategies of the future. Lay abstract In order to prevent and treat the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic, several groups around the world are focused on a detailed understanding of the biology of SARS-CoV-2 infection, the biological events occurring inside the patients and the response of the patients to the infection. SARS-CoV-2 is the coronavirus that causes COVID-19. Some of the approaches to combat the pandemic have provided important results that can help toward therapeutic developments against COVID-19. This review discusses three such areas – antibody treatment to prevent COVID-19 infection, analysis of changes in protein profiles of COVID-19 patients, and analysis of metabolism or energy-related changes in COVID-19 patients. Antibodies are molecules produced in the host’s body as a defense response to infection. Antibodies extracted from patients who recovered from COVID-19 have been used to successfully manufacture large amounts of antibodies to treat COVID-19 patients. The analysis of protein and metabolism profiles of COVID-19 patients has shown that several proteins and metabolism-related entities in the body are either upregulated or downregulated in COVID-19. These abnormal levels can either be attenuated by medical intervention or can be monitored as indicators of COVID-19 diagnosis. Overall, antibodies, protein and metabolism profiles are three important tools, among several others, that are helpful in combating the COVID-19 pandemic.

Dataset Information

Pregnancy-specific responses to COVID-19 are revealed by high-throughput proteomics of human plasma.

Publications

Pregnancy-specific responses to COVID-19 are revealed by high-throughput proteomics of human plasma.

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