Dataset Information

Examination of host genetic effects on nasal microbiome composition.

ABSTRACT:

Background

Genetic predisposition increases risk for asthma, and distinct nasal microbial compositions are associated with asthma. Host genetics might shape nasal microbiome composition.

Objective

We examined associations between host genetics and nasal microbiome composition.

Methods

Nasal samples were collected from 584 participants from the Mount Sinai Health System, New York. Seventy-seven follow-up samples were collected from a subset of 40 participants. 16S rRNA sequencing and RNA sequencing were performed on nasal samples. Beta diversity was calculated, variant calling on RNA sequencing data was performed, and genetic relatedness between individuals was determined. Using linear regression models, we tested for associations between genetic relatedness and nasal microbiome composition.

Results

The median age of the cohort was 14.6 (interquartile range 11.2-19.5) years, with participants representing diverse ancestries and 52.7% of the cohort being female. For participants who provided follow-up samples, the median time between samples was 5.1 (interquartile range 1.4-7.2) months. Nasal microbiome composition similarity as reflected by beta diversity was significantly higher within subjects over time versus between subjects (coefficient = 0.091, P = 2.84^-⁷). There was no significant association between genetic relatedness and beta diversity (coefficient = -0.05, P = .29). Additional analyses exploring the relationship between beta diversity and genetic variance yielded similar results.

Conclusion

Host genetics has little influence on nasal microbiome composition.

SUBMITTER: Irizar H

PROVIDER: S-EPMC9643606 | biostudies-literature | 2022 Nov

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Publications

Examination of host genetic effects on nasal microbiome composition.

Irizar Haritz H Chun Yoojin Y Arditi Zoe Z Do Anh A Grishina Galina G Grishin Alexander A Vicencio Alfin A Bunyavanich Supinda S

The Journal of allergy and clinical immunology 20220616 5

<h4>Background</h4>Genetic predisposition increases risk for asthma, and distinct nasal microbial compositions are associated with asthma. Host genetics might shape nasal microbiome composition.<h4>Objective</h4>We examined associations between host genetics and nasal microbiome composition.<h4>Methods</h4>Nasal samples were collected from 584 participants from the Mount Sinai Health System, New York. Seventy-seven follow-up samples were collected from a subset of 40 participants. 16S rRNA seque ...[more]

PMID: 35718139

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Project description:Bacterial vaginosis (BV) affects 20% of women worldwide and is associated with adverse reproductive health outcomes and increased risk for HIV. Typically, BV represents a shift in the vaginal microbiome from one that is dominated by Lactobacillus to one that is diverse. Persistent racial differences in BV and diverse vaginal microbiome composition overlap with racial disparities in risks for HIV and sexually transmitted infection, especially among women of African descent. Risk factors for BV and nonoptimal vaginal microbiome include sexual practices, yet racial differences persist when adjusted for behavioral factors, suggesting a host genetic component. Here, we perform a genome-wide association study on vaginal microbiome traits in Kenyan women. Linear regression and logistic regression were performed, adjusting for age and principal components of genetic ancestry, to evaluate the association between Lactobacillus crispatus, Lactobacillus iners, Gardnerella vaginalis, Shannon diversity index, and community state type (CST) with host genetic single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs). We identified novel genomic loci associated with the vaginal microbiome traits, though no SNP reached genome-wide significance. During pathway enrichment analysis, Toll-like receptors (TLRs), cytokine production, and other components of innate immune response were associated with L. crispatus, L. iners, and CST. Multiple previously reported genomic loci were replicated, including IL-8 (Shannon, CST), TIRAP (L. iners, Shannon), TLR2 (Shannon, CST), MBL2 (L. iners, G. vaginalis, CST), and MYD88 (L. iners, Shannon). These genetic associations suggest a role for the innate immune system and cell signaling in vaginal microbiome composition and susceptibility to nonoptimal vaginal microbiome.IMPORTANCE Globally, bacterial vaginosis (BV) is a common condition in women. BV is associated with poorer reproductive health outcomes and HIV risk. Typically, BV represents a shift in the vaginal microbiome from one that is dominated by Lactobacillus to one that is diverse. Despite many women having similar exposures, the prevalence of BV and nonoptimal vaginal microbiome is increased for women of African descent, suggesting a possible role for host genetics. We conducted a genome-wide association study of important vaginal microbiome traits in Kenyan women. We identified novel genetic loci and biological pathways related to mucosal immunity, cell signaling, and infection that were associated with vaginal microbiome traits; we replicated previously reported loci associated with mucosal immune response. These results provide insight into potential host genetic influences on vaginal microbiome composition and can guide larger longitudinal studies, with genetic and functional comparison across microbiome sites within individuals and across populations.

Dataset Information

Examination of host genetic effects on nasal microbiome composition.

Background

Objective

Methods

Results

Conclusion

Publications

Examination of host genetic effects on nasal microbiome composition.

Similar Datasets

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