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Evaluation of molecular typing for national surveillance of invasive clinical Haemophilus influenzae isolates from Denmark.

ABSTRACT: Haemophilus influenzae is a gram-negative coccobacillus known to cause respiratory and invasive infections. It can possess a polysaccharide capsule that can be categorized into six different serotypes (i.e., Hia, Hib, Hic, Hid, Hie, and Hif) and non-encapsulated strains that are defined as non-typeable. Furthermore, H. influenzae can be characterized into eight biotypes (I-VIII). Traditionally, isolates have been serotyped and biotyped using phenotypic methods; however, these methods are not always reliable. In this study, we evaluate the use of whole-genome sequencing (WGS) for national surveillance and characterization of clinical Danish H. influenzae isolates. In Denmark, all clinical invasive isolates between 2014 and 2021 have been serotyped using a traditional phenotypic latex agglutination test as well as in silico serotyped using the in silico programs "hinfluenzae_capsule_characterization" and "hicap" to compare the subsequent serotypes. Moreover, isolates were also biotyped using a phenotypic enzyme test and the genomic data for the detection of the genes encoding ornithine, tryptophan, and urease. The results showed a 99-100% concordance between the two genotypic approaches and the phenotypic serotyping, respectively. The biotyping showed a 95% concordance between genotyping and phenotyping. In conclusion, our results show that in a clinical surveillance setting, in silico serotyping and WGS-based biotyping are a robust and reliable approach for typing clinical H. influenzae isolates.

SUBMITTER: Slotved HC

PROVIDER: S-EPMC9712784 | biostudies-literature | 2022

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Evaluation of molecular typing for national surveillance of invasive clinical Haemophilus influenzae isolates from Denmark.

Slotved Hans-Christian HC Johannesen Thor Bech TB Stegger Marc M Fuursted Kurt K

Frontiers in microbiology 20221117

Haemophilus influenzae is a gram-negative coccobacillus known to cause respiratory and invasive infections. It can possess a polysaccharide capsule that can be categorized into six different serotypes (i.e., Hia, Hib, Hic, Hid, Hie, and Hif) and non-encapsulated strains that are defined as non-typeable. Furthermore, H. influenzae can be characterized into eight biotypes (I-VIII). Traditionally, isolates have been serotyped and biotyped using phenotypic methods; however, these metho ...[more]

PMID: 36466693

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Project description:IntroductionThis study aimed to investigate the epidemiology, serotype distribution, phenotypical antibiogram, and molecular resistance gene characteristics of invasive Haemophilus influenzae infections in Denmark from 2014 to 2022. Additionally, the potential impact of outdoor temperature and COVID-19 restrictions on the epidemiology of H. influenzae was assessed.Materials and methodsInvasive H. influenzae isolates were received from patients with positive culture results from cerebrospinal fluid, blood, or other sterile sites. Sample data were obtained from the Danish laboratory surveillance system/MiBa database, and whole-genome sequencing (WGS) was performed on the isolates. The incidence rates and distribution of H. influenzae cases were analyzed, and antibiotic susceptibility were assessed.ResultsA total of 1,007 invasive H. influenzae cases were identified, with serotyping conducted for 752 (74.7%) isolates. The median incidence per year of H. influenzae was 2.0 cases per 100,000, with the highest incidence in 2014 and the lowest in 2020. The majority of H. influenzae isolates were non-typeable H. influenzae (NTHi), while the most prominent serotypes were serotype f followed by serotype b. Bacteremia cases accounted for the majority (88.6%) of occurrences, although meningitis cases showed an increasing trend during the time period. The age group 85+ exhibited the highest incidence. The implementation of COVID-19 preventive interventions in 2020 resulted in a significant reduction in H. influenzae incidence, which returned to pre-COVID levels in 2021. A negative correlation was observed between monthly H. influenzae cases and outdoor temperature. An overall level of genetic beta-lactamase resistance of 26.3% was observed divided into 10.6% beta-lactamase-positive ampicillin-resistant (gBLPAR), 13.6% beta-lactamase-negative ampicillin-resistant (gBLNAR) and 2.1% beta-lactamase-positive amoxicillin clavulanate-resistant (gBLPACR). Other non-beta-lactam resistance traits were detected in 7.6% of isolates (primarily aminoglycoside-modifying enzymes).ConclusionThe overall incidence of H. influenzae in Denmark returned to stable levels after the COVID-19 epidemic, with NTHi strains dominating. The COVID-19 preventive interventions led to a major reduction in incidence. A significant negative correlation between the incidence of H. influenzae and temperature was observed. The study revealed an overall genetic beta-lactam resistance rate of 26.3%, and the concordance between genotypic and phenotypic beta-lactam resistance was high (98.2%).

Dataset Information

Evaluation of molecular typing for national surveillance of invasive clinical Haemophilus influenzae isolates from Denmark.

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Evaluation of molecular typing for national surveillance of invasive clinical <i>Haemophilus influenzae</i> isolates from Denmark.

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