Dataset Information

Short stature and language development in the United Kingdom: a longitudinal analysis of children from the Millennium Cohort Study.

ABSTRACT:

Background

In low- and middle-income countries, poverty and impaired growth prevent children from meeting their cognitive developmental potential. There are few studies investigating these relationships in high-income settings.

Methods

Participants were 12,536 children born between 2000 and 2002 in the UK and participating in the Millennium Cohort Study (MCS). Short stature was defined as having a height-for-age 2 or more standard deviations below the median (≤ - 2 SDS) at age 3 years. Standardized British Abilities Scales II (BAS II) language measures, used to assess language development at ages 3, 5, 7 and 11 years, were the main outcome assessed.

Results

Children with short stature at age 3 years (4.1%) had language development scores that were consistently lower from ages 3 to 11 years (- 0.26 standard deviations (SD) (95% CI - 0.37, - 0.15)). This effect was attenuated but remained significant after adjustment for covariates. Trajectory analysis produced four distinct patterns of language development scores (low-declining, low-improving, average and high). Multinomial logistic regression models showed that children with short stature had a higher risk of being in the low-declining group, relative to the average group (relative risk ratio (RRR) = 2.11 (95% CI 1.51, 2.95)). They were also less likely to be in the high-scoring group (RRR = 0.65 (0.52, 0.82)). Children with short stature at age 3 years who had 'caught up' by age 5 years (height-for-age ≥ 2 SDS) did not have significantly different scores from children with persistent short stature, but had a higher probability of being in the high-performing group than children without catch-up growth (RRR = 1.84 (1.11, 3.07)).

Conclusions

Short stature at age 3 years was associated with lower language development scores at ages 3 to 11 years in UK children. These associations remained significant after adjustment for socioeconomic, child and parental factors.

SUBMITTER: Freer J

PROVIDER: S-EPMC9721056 | biostudies-literature | 2022 Dec

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Publications

Short stature and language development in the United Kingdom: a longitudinal analysis of children from the Millennium Cohort Study.

Freer Joseph J Orr Joanna J Morris Joan K JK Walton Robert R Dunkel Leo L Storr Helen L HL Prendergast Andrew J AJ

BMC medicine 20221205 1

<h4>Background</h4>In low- and middle-income countries, poverty and impaired growth prevent children from meeting their cognitive developmental potential. There are few studies investigating these relationships in high-income settings.<h4>Methods</h4>Participants were 12,536 children born between 2000 and 2002 in the UK and participating in the Millennium Cohort Study (MCS). Short stature was defined as having a height-for-age 2 or more standard deviations below the median (≤ - 2 SDS) at age 3 y ...[more]

PMID: 36464678

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Dataset Information

Short stature and language development in the United Kingdom: a longitudinal analysis of children from the Millennium Cohort Study.

Background

Methods

Results

Conclusions

Publications

Short stature and language development in the United Kingdom: a longitudinal analysis of children from the Millennium Cohort Study.

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