A third SARS-CoV-2 mRNA vaccine dose in people receiving hemodialysis overcomes B cell defects but elicits a skewed CD4⁺ T cell profile.

ABSTRACT: Cellular immune defects associated with suboptimal responses to severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) mRNA vaccination in people receiving hemodialysis (HD) are poorly understood. We longitudinally analyze antibody, B cell, CD4⁺, and CD8⁺ T cell vaccine responses in 27 HD patients and 26 low-risk control individuals (CIs). The first two doses elicit weaker B cell and CD8⁺ T cell responses in HD than in CI, while CD4⁺ T cell responses are quantitatively similar. In HD, a third dose robustly boosts B cell responses, leads to convergent CD8⁺ T cell responses, and enhances comparatively more T helper (T_H) immunity. Unsupervised clustering of single-cell features reveals phenotypic and functional shifts ove

SUBMITTER: Sannier G 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC9902290 | biostudies-literature | 2023 Mar

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature