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ATAC-seq of squamous cell carcinoma cells varying in FAK status

ABSTRACT: Focal adhesion kinase (FAK) localizes to focal adhesions and is overexpressed in many cancers. FAK can also translocate to the nucleus, where it binds to, and regulates, several transcription factors, including MBD2, p53 and IL-33, to control gene expression by unknown mechanisms. We have used ATAC-seq to reveal that FAK controls chromatin accessibility at a subset of regulated genes. Integration of ATAC-seq and RNA-seq data showed that FAK-dependent chromatin accessibility is linked to differential gene expression, including of the FAK-regulated cytokine and transcriptional regulator interleukin-33 (Il33), which controls anti-tumor immunity. Analysis of the accessibility peaks on the Il33 gene promoter/enhancer regions revealed sequences for several transcription factors, including ETS and AP-1 motifs, and we show that c-Jun, a component of AP-1, regulates Il33 gene expression by binding to its enhancer in a FAK kinase-dependent manner. This work provides the first demonstration that FAK controls transcription via chromatin accessibility, identifying a novel mechanism by which nuclear FAK regulates biologically important gene expression.

ORGANISM(S): Mus musculus

PROVIDER: GSE161022 | GEO | 2021/01/15

REPOSITORIES: GEO

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Proteomic analysis of IL33-proximal proteins in squamous cell carcinoma cells

Project description:Focal adhesion kinase (FAK) is required for the expression of pro-inflammatory genes that inhibit anti-tumour immunity. Here, we show a novel and crucial role for the dual-function cytokine IL33 in FAK-dependent immune evasion. Specifically, nuclear FAK is required for the expression of IL33, the chemokine Ccl5 and the soluble form of the IL33 receptor, sST2, which are required for evasion of CD8+ T-cell-mediated anti-tumour immunity. Mechanistically, nuclear IL33 associates with FAK and a network of chromatin modifiers and transcriptional regulators, including Taf9, WDR82 and BRD4, while sST2 likely negates effects of IL33 secreted into the tumour microenvironment by infiltrating host immune cells. Finally, protein interaction network analysis implies that nuclear FAK–IL33 complexes impact on transcription factors that regulate NFkB and chemokines like Ccl5 downstream. Our data therefore provide new mechanistic insight into how FAK controls the tumour immune environment via a FAK–IL33/sST2 pathway and demonstrate a novel role for nuclear IL33 downstream of FAK as a component of transcription regulatory complexes that critically modulate anti-tumour immunity.

2017-12-06 | PXD007698 | Pride

Glioma cells response Interleukin-33 (IL-33) [microarray]

Project description:Determination of the molecular mechanism of IL33 on glioma cells Since IL-33 is known to associate with chromatin and regulate transcriptional activity and that nuclear expression of IL-33 increases glioma progression, we determined Nuclear IL-33 regulates the expression and secretion of inflammatory cytokines in glioma cells. Using these parameters 340 genes were induced by the ectopic expression of IL-33 and an additional 377 genes were downregulated. Gene ontology terms over-represented in the genes induced by IL-33 include three major clusters that associate with cytokine activity and inflammation

2020-08-21 | GSE153486 | GEO

Ambra1 spatially regulates Src activity and Src/FAK-mediated cancer cell invasion via trafficking networks

Project description:Here, using mouse squamous cell carcinoma cells, we report a completely new function for the autophagy protein Ambra1 as the first described ‘spatial rheostat’ controlling the Src/FAK pathway. Ambra1 regulates the targeting of active phospho-Src away from focal adhesions into autophagic structures that cancer cells use to survive adhesion stress. Ambra1 binds to both FAK and Src in cancer cells. When FAK is present, Ambra1 is recruited to focal adhesions, promoting FAK-regulated cancer cell direction-sensing and invasion. However, when Ambra1 cannot bind to FAK, abnormally high levels of phospho-Src and phospho-FAK accumulate at focal adhesions, positively regulating adhesion and invasive migration. Spatial control of active Src requires the trafficking proteins Dynactin 1 and IFITM3, which we identified as Ambra1 binding partners by interaction proteomics. We conclude that Ambra1 is a core component of an intracellular trafficking network linked to tight spatial control of active Src and FAK levels, and so crucially regulates their cancer-associated biological outputs.

2017-04-04 | PXD006002 | Pride

ATAC-seq analysis of shCtrl and shAML1-ETO Kasumi-1 cells

Project description:Chromatin accessibility was analysed in Kasumi-1 cells after AML1-ETO knock-down and in controls by ATAC-sequencing. The experiments were done in triplicates.

2022-02-01 | E-MTAB-9021 | biostudies-arrayexpress

Liver Epithelial Focal Adhesion Kinase Modulates Fibrogenesis and Hedgehog Signaling

Project description:Focal adhesion kinase (FAK) is an important mediator of extracellular matrix-integrin mechano-signal transduction that regulates cell motility, survival, and proliferation. As such, FAK is being investigated as a potential therapeutic target for malignant and fibrotic diseases, and numerous clinical trials of FAK inhibitors are underway. The function of FAK in non-malignant non-motile epithelial cells is not well understood. We previously showed that hepatocytes demonstrated activated FAK near stiff collagen tracts in fibrotic liver. In this study, we examined the role of liver epithelial FAK by inducing fibrotic liver disease in mice with liver epithelial FAK deficiency. We found that mice that lack FAK in liver epithelial cells develop more severe liver injury and worse fibrosis as compared to controls. Increased fibrosis in liver epithelial FAK-deficient mice is linked to the activation of several pro-fibrotic pathways, including the hedgehog-smoothened pathway. FAK-deficient hepatocytes produce increased Indian hedgehog in a matrix stiffness-dependent manner. Furthermore, there is increased expression of the hedgehog receptor, smoothened, in macrophages and biliary cells of hepatocyte-specific FAK-deficient fibrotic liver. These results indicate that liver epithelial FAK has important regulatory roles in the response to liver injury and progression of fibrosis.

2020-09-15 | GSE157156 | GEO

Fibroblast-specific focal adhesion kinase links mechanical force to fibrosis via chemokine-mediated inflammatory pathways

2011-01-14 | GSE26390 | GEO

AP-1 Regulates Chromatin Accessibility to Promote Sarcomere Disassembly and Cardiomyocyte Protrusion during Zebrafish Heart Regeneration

Project description:The zebrafish has emerged as a powerful model to study cardiac regeneration; however, the mechanisms by which cardiomyocytes respond to damage by disassembling sarcomeres, proliferating, and repopulating the injured area remain unclear. Here, we show that AP-1 transcription factors play an essential role in regulating the cardiomyocyte response. Using ATAC-Seq, we first find that the cardiomyocyte chromatin accessibility landscape is dynamic following cryoinjury, and that AP-1 motifs are the most highly enriched in regions that gain accessibility during regeneration. Using a cardiomyocyte-specific dominant-negative approach, we show that AP-1 promotes cardiomyocyte proliferation as well as chromatin accessibility at genes regulating sarcomere disassembly and cardiomyocyte protrusion into the injured area. We further find distinct temporal requirements for AP-1 during cardiac regeneration. Altogether, these results indicate that AP-1 plays a key role in the cardiomyocyte response to injury by promoting chromatin accessibility changes, allowing the activation of gene expression programs that support regeneration.

2020-06-10 | GSE130940 | GEO

Fibroblast-specific focal adhesion kinase links mechanical force to fibrosis via chemokine-mediated inflammatory pathways

Project description:Hypertrophic scar (HTS) formation is characterized by exuberant fibroproliferation for reasons that remain poorly understood1. One important but often overlooked component of wound repair is mechanical force, which regulates reciprocal cell-matrix interactions through focal adhesion components including focal adhesion kinase (FAK)1,2. Here we report that FAK is activated following cutaneous injury and that this activation is potentiated by mechanical loading. Transgenic mice lacking fibroblast-specific FAK exhibit significantly less fibrosis in a preclinical model of HTS formation. Inflammatory pathways involving monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1), a chemokine highly implicated in human skin fibrosis3, are triggered following FAK activation, mechanistically linking physical force to fibrosis. Further, small molecule inhibition of FAK effectively abrogates fibroproliferative mechanisms in human cells and significantly reduces scar formation in vivo. Collectively, these findings establish a molecular basis for HTS formation based on the mechanical activation of fibroblast-specific FAK and demonstrate the therapeutic potential of targeted mechanomodulatory strategies. Wildtype murine tissue was harvested at either day 6 or 14 post-injury following 48 hours or 10 days of mechanical loading, respectively (n=4 mice per group per time point). Murine RNA was isolated, labeled, and hybridized to the GeneChip microarray according to the manufacturer’s protocols (Affymetrix, Santa Clara, CA, USA). Each gene in the microarray was represented by 20 oligonucleotide pairs, with each pair consisting of an oligonucleotide perfectly matched to the cDNA sequence, and a second oligonucleotide containing a single base mismatch. Raw microarray data (sample intensity files) were processed using GeneSpring GX 11.0 (Agilent Technologies Inc., Santa Clara, CA, USA).

2011-01-14 | E-GEOD-26390 | biostudies-arrayexpress

Chromatin accessibility analysis of primary GCTB samples

Project description:Analysis of chromatin accessibility in primary GCTB samples with ATAC-seq

2020-08-31 | E-MTAB-9512 | biostudies-arrayexpress

ATAC-seq of gata5GFP+/- cells in WT and Gata5/6 deficient zebrafish embryos during gastrulation

Project description:Gata5/6 are essential regulators in zebrafish heart development. To understand how Gata5/6 affects the chromatin accessibility and regulates cardiac gene expression, we FACS-isolated GFP+ and GFP- cells from Tg(gata5:GFP) transgenic embryos in both control and Gata5/6 deficient embryos (injected with Gata5/6 morpholinos) and conducted ATAC-seq. We performed the experiments at 8 hours post fertilization, intending to dissect the role of Gata5/6 in the earliest step in cardiac lineage specification. We did 2-3 biological replicates for each sample. ATAC-seq libraries were made using previously published protocol (Buenrostro et al., Nat. Methods, 2013. DOI: 10.1038/nmeth.2688) and sequenced on Illumina Hiseq2500.

2021-12-31 | E-MTAB-10427 | biostudies-arrayexpress

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