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SIN3 acts in distinct complexes to regulate the germline transcriptional program in C. elegans [sin-3(tm1276)]

ABSTRACT: The SIN3 transcriptional coregulator influences gene expression through multiple interactions that include histone deacetylases (HDACs). Haploinsufficiency and mutations in SIN3 are the underlying cause of Witteveen-Kolk syndrome and related intellectual disability (ID)/autism syndromes, emphasizing its key role in development. However, little is know on its complexity of interactions and functions in developmental processes. Here we show that loss of SIN-3, the single SIN3 homologue in Caenorhabditis elegans, results in maternal effect sterility associated with deregulation of the germline transcriptome, including derepression of X-linked genes. Using proteomics analysis we identify at least two SIN3 complexes containing distinct HDACs and differentially contributing to fertility. Single cell smFISH reveals that loss of sin-3 stochastically derepresses X linked genes in individual germ cells. We further identify acetylation marks whose abundance depends on SIN3. Together, this work provides a powerful paradigm for the in vivo study of SIN3 and associated proteins.

ORGANISM(S): Caenorhabditis elegans

PROVIDER: GSE227498 | GEO | 2023/10/04

REPOSITORIES: GEO

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SIN3 acts in distinct complexes to regulate the germline transcriptional program in C. elegans [sin-3(syb2172) and hda-3(ok1991)]

Project description:The SIN3 transcriptional coregulator influences gene expression through multiple interactions that include histone deacetylases (HDACs). Haploinsufficiency and mutations in SIN3 are the underlying cause of Witteveen-Kolk syndrome and related intellectual disability (ID)/autism syndromes, emphasizing its key role in development. However, little is know on its complexity of interactions and functions in developmental processes. Here we show that loss of SIN-3, the single SIN3 homologue in Caenorhabditis elegans, results in maternal effect sterility associated with deregulation of the germline transcriptome, including derepression of X-linked genes. Using proteomics analysis we identify at least two SIN3 complexes containing distinct HDACs and differentially contributing to fertility. Single cell smFISH reveals that loss of sin-3 stochastically derepresses X linked genes in individual germ cells. We further identify acetylation marks whose abundance depends on SIN3. Together, this work provides a powerful paradigm for the in vivo study of SIN3 and associated proteins.

2023-10-04 | GSE227368 | GEO

MS-based proteomic characterization of SIN3-containing complexes in C. elegans

2023-10-02 | PXD039853 | Pride

SIN-3 transcriptional coregulator maintains mitochondrial homeostasis and polyamine flux

Project description:Mitochondrial function relies on the coordinated transcription of mitochondrial and nuclear genomes to assemble respiratory chain complexes. Across species, the SIN3 coregulator influences mitochondrial functions, but how its loss impacts mitochondrial homeostasis and metabolism in the context of a whole organism is unknown. Exploring this link is important because SIN3 haploinsufficiency causes intellectual disability/autism syndromes and SIN3 plays an important role in tumor biology. Here we show that loss of C. elegans SIN-3 results in transcriptional deregulation of mitochondrial- and nuclear-encoded mitochondrial genes, potentially leading to mito-nuclear imbalance. Consistent with impaired mitochondrial function, sin-3 mutants show extensive mitochondrial fragmentation by transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and in vivo imaging, and altered oxygen consumption. Metabolomic analysis of sin-3 mutant animals identifies a signature of mitochondria stress and deregulation of methionine flux, resulting in decreased S-adenosyl methionine (SAM) and increased polyamine levels. Our results identify SIN3 as a key regulator of mitochondrial dynamics and metabolic flux, with important implications for human pathologies.

2024-04-01 | MTBLS8439 | MetaboLights

A role for mammalian Sin3 in permanent gene silencing

Project description:The multi-subunit Sin3 co-repressor complex regulates gene transcription through deacetylation of nucleosomes. However, the full range of Sin3 activities and targets is not well understood. Here, we have investigated genome-wide binding of mouse Sin3 and RBP2 as well as histone modifications and nucleosome positioning as a function of myogenic differentiation. Remarkably, we find that Sin3 complexes spread immediately downstream of the transcription start site on repressed and transcribed genes during differentiation. We show that RBP2 is part of a Sin3 complex, and on a subset of E2F4 target genes, the coordinated activity of Sin3 and RBP2 leads to deacetylation, demethylation, and repositioning of nucleosomes. Our work provides evidence for coordinated binding of Sin3, chromatin modifications, and chromatin remodeling within discrete regulatory regions, suggesting a model in which spreading of Sin3 binding is ultimately linked to permanent gene silencing on a subset of E2F4 target genes.

2008-11-06 | GSE13247 | GEO

Mapping binding sites of SIN3 isoforms across the Drosophila genome.

Project description:SIN3 associates with RPD3 and other accessory proteins to form the SIN3 histone modifying complex. A single Sin3A gene encodes multiple SIN3 isoforms, of which SIN3 187 and SIN3 220 are predominant. Previous studies from our laboratory and others have indicated that SIN3 isoforms play non-redundant roles during fly development, however, the genes regulated by SIN3 isoforms are not known. We mapped the genome-wide binding sites of SIN3 isoforms in Drosophila. We established stable S2 cell lines that express either HA-tagged SIN3 187 or SIN3 220. The binding profiles revealed that the majority of the binding sites of SIN3 isoforms are overlapping. Our data revealed that SIN3 isoforms localize to euchromatic regions of the genome and enrichment of SIN3 isoforms are generally concentrated around the transcription start sites of genes. In addition, the extent of SIN3 binding confirmed previous findings indicating that SIN3 is a global transcriptional regulator. Genome-wide binding analysis of SIN3 187 and SIN3 220 in Drosophila. Using chromatin prepared from cell lines expressing either of the isoforms, we performed chromatin immunoprecipitation on chromatin prepared from cells that expresses either of the isoforms using an antibody against HA (ChIP). We coupled our ChIP with high resolution deep sequencing (ChIP-seq) to identify genomic targets of SIN3 isoforms.

2016-01-09 | E-GEOD-72171 | biostudies-arrayexpress

Mapping binding sites of SIN3 isoforms across the Drosophila genome.

2016-01-09 | GSE72171 | GEO

Transcriptome analysis upon overexpression of SIN3 187HA in Drosophila cultured cells

Project description:SIN3 is a master transcriptional scaffold protein. SIN3 interacts with RPD3 and other accessory proteins to form a histone modifying complex. A single Sin3A gene encodes multiple isoforms of SIN3, of which SIN3 187 and SIN3 220 are the predominant isoforms. Previous studies demonstrated that SIN3 isoforms play non-redundant roles during fly development. In the current study, we sought to investigate the genes regulated by SIN3 187. S2 cells and cells carrying a stable transgene of SIN3 187HA (SIN3 187HA cells) were treated with 0.07 ÂµM CuSO4. CuSO4 treatment led to ectopic expression of SIN3 187HA. S2 cells were used as a control. Following induction, total mRNA was extracted. mRNA profiling of these samples were performed by deep sequencing using Illumina Hiseq2500. Three biological replicates were performed.

2016-01-09 | E-GEOD-72172 | biostudies-arrayexpress

Transcriptome analysis upon overexpression of SIN3 187HA in Drosophila cultured cells

2016-01-09 | GSE72172 | GEO

Homo sapiens strain:SIN-ASLV

Project description:Homo sapiens strain:SIN-ASLV Targeted Locus (Loci)

| PRJNA246562 | ENA

Physical and functional interaction between the SET1 complex component CFP-1/CXXC and the Sin-3S/HDAC complex in C. elegans embryos

Project description:The highly conserved CFP1 CXXC zinc finger protein targets SET1 family complexes to promoter regions to implement methylation of histone H3 Ly4 (H3K4me), a mark that correlates with gene expression depending on the chromatin context. Whether CFP1 physically interacts with additional chromatin modifying proteins on chromatin has not been investigated. By applying interaction proteomics coupled to mass spectrometry to identify factors that interact with C. elegans CFP-1, we establish a link between CFP-1 and the Rpd3/Sin3 histone deacetylase (HDAC) small complex (Rpd3/Sin3S) in embryos. We show that CFP-1 directly interacts with SIN-3 through a highly conserved C-terminal domain, and that the two proteins extensively colocalize with H3K4me3 at promoter regions genome-wide. Animals lacking sin-3, cfp-1 or the catalytic H3K4 methyltransferase subunit set-2/SET1 show misregulation of common genes in early embryos, reduction in fertility, and defects in the division of intestinal cells in adults, consistent with common developmental functions. Our results suggest that in addition to its well characterized role as a central subunit of the SET-2/SET1 complex, CFP-1 interacts with the Sin3S/HDAC complex at promoter regions to influence gene expression in a developmental context. This has implications for the coordinate regulation of gene expression by chromatin associated complexes with distinct activities.

2019-09-26 | GSE110072 | GEO

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