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A single-cell atlas of the single versus multiple parous Hu Sheep ovary

ABSTRACT: Follicular development is a highly coordinated process in Hu sheep. Follicle-cyclic recruitment, spatial displacement, follicle atresia, and ovulation are implicated events resulting from the somatic cells' release of molecular signals. Hu sheep is a high-quality sheep breed with high fecundity in China and is ideal for investigating high reproductive traits. In the current study, the sheep with lambing number ≥3 in three consecutive lambing records were assigned to the HLS group, and lambing number = 1 as the LLS group selected from the same farm with three consecutive lambings. Three randomly picked ewes were slaughtered within 12 h of estrus, and unilateral ovarian tissue was collected and analyzed by single-cell RNA sequencing in each group. A total of five types of somatic cells were identified, and corresponding expression profiles were mapped in the ovaries of the Hu sheep. Additionally, the results of the difference in ovary somatic cell expression profiles between HLS and LLS present that the differences between multiples vs. singleton Hu sheep were mainly clustered in the GCs. In addition, 4 granulosa cell subtypes were identified. GeneSwitches results revealed the opening of JPH1 expression and the closure of LOC101112291, which leads to different evolutionary directions of the granular cells. The expression levels of FTH1 and FTL in GCs of Hu sheep in the HLS group were significantly higher, which inhibited necroptosis and ferroptosis of mural-GCs from decreasing follicular atresia. This study constructed the cellular atlas of the ovary and revealed related biological characteristics at the cellular molecular level. It provides a theoretical basis for the mechanisms underlying the differences in ovulation numbers, which contributes to breeding high-fertility sheep and molecular genetics-based selection.

ORGANISM(S): Ovis aries

PROVIDER: GSE233801 | GEO | 2023/08/15

REPOSITORIES: GEO

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Project description:Background: Follicular growth and maturation in semi-synchronously spawning fish involve numerous cell signaling cascades and different molecular cascades are activated or inhibited during specific stages of oocyte development. The objectives of the current study were to identify molecular pathways and temporal gene expression patterns throughout a complete breeding cycle in female wild LMB to characterize the molecular sequence of events underlying follicle and ovary development. Methods: Microarray analysis was performed on eight morphologically distinct stages, from primary stages of oocyte growth to ovulation and atresia. Ovarian tissue histology, plasma vitellogenin, and sex steroids (E2 and T) were also measured to correlate molecular signaling cascades to higher levels of biological organization. Results: Global expression patterns revealed dramatic differences between early and late stages of ovarian follicle progression, with over 200 and 500 genes being differentially expressed during both ovulation and atresia respectively (p < 0.01). Time course analysis for all stages leading to ovulation and atresia identified increased expression of GABAA receptor subunits and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma during ovulation. Gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) revealed that early stages of oocyte growth involved increases in pathways of natural killer cell and mast cell activation, as well as gap junction regulation. GSEA revealed that arachidonic acid metabolism was significantly up-regulated while CD2, fibronectin, and neuropeptides Y receptor signaling cascades were down-regulated at ovulation. Expression targets for LH signaling were decreased during vitellogenesis but increased at ovulation. GSEA revealed decreases in actin cytoskeleton regulation and receptor mediated signaling pathways involving TGF? and ephrin receptor regulation at atresia. Conclusions: This study offers new insight into the molecular pathways involved in vitellogenesis, ovulation and atresia in LMB and provides new hypotheses about the cellular pathways involved in oocyte growth and maturation. 31 microarrays on 8 unique stages of ovary development; developmental profile time course, development of LMB ovary

Project description:Background: Follicular growth and maturation in semi-synchronously spawning fish involve numerous cell signaling cascades and different molecular cascades are activated or inhibited during specific stages of oocyte development. The objectives of the current study were to identify molecular pathways and temporal gene expression patterns throughout a complete breeding cycle in female wild LMB to characterize the molecular sequence of events underlying follicle and ovary development. Methods: Microarray analysis was performed on eight morphologically distinct stages, from primary stages of oocyte growth to ovulation and atresia. Ovarian tissue histology, plasma vitellogenin, and sex steroids (E2 and T) were also measured to correlate molecular signaling cascades to higher levels of biological organization. Results: Global expression patterns revealed dramatic differences between early and late stages of ovarian follicle progression, with over 200 and 500 genes being differentially expressed during both ovulation and atresia respectively (p < 0.01). Time course analysis for all stages leading to ovulation and atresia identified increased expression of GABAA receptor subunits and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma during ovulation. Gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) revealed that early stages of oocyte growth involved increases in pathways of natural killer cell and mast cell activation, as well as gap junction regulation. GSEA revealed that arachidonic acid metabolism was significantly up-regulated while CD2, fibronectin, and neuropeptides Y receptor signaling cascades were down-regulated at ovulation. Expression targets for LH signaling were decreased during vitellogenesis but increased at ovulation. GSEA revealed decreases in actin cytoskeleton regulation and receptor mediated signaling pathways involving TGFβ and ephrin receptor regulation at atresia. Conclusions: This study offers new insight into the molecular pathways involved in vitellogenesis, ovulation and atresia in LMB and provides new hypotheses about the cellular pathways involved in oocyte growth and maturation.

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A single-cell atlas of the single versus multiple parous Hu Sheep ovary

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