Project description:Adhesion formation after flexor tendon repair remains a clinical problem. Early postoperative motion after tendon repair has been demonstrated to reduce adhesion formation while increasing tendon strength. It is hypothesized that during mobilization, tendon cells experience mechanical shear forces that alter their biology in a fashion that reduces scar formation but also activates key genes involved in tendon healing. To test this hypothesis, primary intrinsic tenocyte cultures were established from flexor tendons of 20 Sprague-Dawley rats and sheared at 50 rpm (0.41 Pa) using a cone viscometer for 6 and 12 hours. Total RNA was harvested and compared with time-matched unsheared controls using cDNA microarrays and Northern blot analysis. Microarray analysis demonstrated that mechanical shear stress induced an overall "antifibrotic" expression pattern with decreased transcription of collagen type I and collagen type III. Shear stress down-regulated profibrotic molecules in the platelet-derived growth factor, insulin-like growth factor, and fibroblast growth factor signaling pathways. In addition, shear stress induced an overall decrease in transforming growth factor (TGF)-beta signaling pathway molecules with down-regulation of TGF-beta2, TGF-beta3, TGF-RI, and TGF-RII expression. Moreover, sheared tendon cells increased expression of matrix metalloproteinases and decreased expression of tissue inhibitors of metalloproteinase, an expression pattern consistent with an antifibrotic increase in extracellular matrix degradation. However, up-regulation of genes implicated in tendon healing, specifically, vascular endothelial growth factor-A and several bone morphogenetic proteins. Interestingly, the known mechanoresponsive gene, TGF-beta1, also implicated in tendon healing, was differentially up-regulated by shear stress. Northern blot validation of our results for TGF-beta1, TGF-beta2, TGF-beta3, and collagen type I demonstrated direct correlation with microarray data.

Project description:Adhesion formation after flexor tendon repair remains a clinical problem. Early postoperative motion after tendon repair has been demonstrated to reduce adhesion formation while increasing tendon strength. It is hypothesized that during mobilization, tendon cells experience mechanical shear forces that alter their biology in a fashion that reduces scar formation but also activates key genes involved in tendon healing. To test this hypothesis, primary intrinsic tenocyte cultures were established from flexor tendons of 20 Sprague-Dawley rats and sheared at 50 rpm (0.41 Pa) using a cone viscometer for 6 and 12 hours. Total RNA was harvested and compared with time-matched unsheared controls using cDNA microarrays and Northern blot analysis. Microarray analysis demonstrated that mechanical shear stress induced an overall "antifibrotic" expression pattern with decreased transcription of collagen type I and collagen type III. Shear stress down-regulated profibrotic molecules in the platelet-derived growth factor, insulin-like growth factor, and fibroblast growth factor signaling pathways. In addition, shear stress induced an overall decrease in transforming growth factor (TGF)-beta signaling pathway molecules with down-regulation of TGF-beta2, TGF-beta3, TGF-RI, and TGF-RII expression. Moreover, sheared tendon cells increased expression of matrix metalloproteinases and decreased expression of tissue inhibitors of metalloproteinase, an expression pattern consistent with an antifibrotic increase in extracellular matrix degradation. However, up-regulation of genes implicated in tendon healing, specifically, vascular endothelial growth factor-A and several bone morphogenetic proteins. Interestingly, the known mechanoresponsive gene, TGF-beta1, also implicated in tendon healing, was differentially up-regulated by shear stress. Northern blot validation of our results for TGF-beta1, TGF-beta2, TGF-beta3, and collagen type I demonstrated direct correlation with microarray data. Groups of assays that are related as part of a time series. Computed

Project description:The pathogenesis of interstitial cystitis/bladder pain syndrome (IC/BPS) remains incompletely understood. Bladder fibrosis is a significant histopathological feature of IC/BPS, particularly in non-Hunner-type IC (NHIC). Transient receptor potential cation channel subfamily C member 3 (TRPC3) is known to play a crucial role in myocardial and renal fibrosis. This study investigates the involvement of TRPC3 in bladder fibrosis associated with IC/BPS. A rat model of IC/BPS was established using cyclophosphamide (CYP, 50 mg/kg, intraperitoneally, every 3 days for 3 doses). Bulk RNA sequencing was used to identify differentially expressed transient receptor potential (TRP) channel genes in CYP-induced cystitis rats, whereas single-cell RNA sequencing was utilized to pinpoint the cell type predominantly expressing transient receptor potential cation channel subfamily C member 3 (TRPC3) . TRPC3 inhibition was achieved through intraperitoneal injection of Pyrazole 3 (Pyr3, 0.1 mg/kg or 1 mg/kg). Suprapubic mechanical allodynia was assessed using up-down method with von Frey filaments and micturition frequency was assessed by cystometry. The expression of TRPC3 and components of the transforming growth factor beta (TGF-β)/Smad signaling pathway (TGF-β, p-Smad2, and p-Smad3) in the bladder was analyzed by Western blot. Bladder fibrosis was assessed through Masson’s staining and detection of fibrosis markers (Vimentin, Collagen I, and Collagen III) using Western blot. The RNA and protein expression of TRPC3 was up-regulated in CYP-induced cystitis rats. TRPC3 inhibition led to significant improvements in suprapubic mechanical allodynia and reduced micturition frequency in CYP-induced cystitis rats. Western blot analyses revealed that markers of bladder fibrosis (Vimentin, Collagen I, and Collagen III) were markedly upregulated in CYP-induced cystitis rats. Masson’s staining showed an increased area of collagen fibers. Additionally, inhibition of TRPC3 resulted in significant downregulation of the TGF-β/Smad signaling pathway (TGF-β, p-Smad2, and p-Smad3) in CYP-induced cystitis rats. TRPC3 activation contributes to bladder fibrosis in IC/BPS. Inhibition of TRPC3 ameliorates suprapubic mechanical allodynia and micturition frequency in CYP-induced cystitis rats by downregulating the TGF-β/Smad pathway. TRPC3 represents a potential therapeutic target for managing bladder fibrosis in IC/BPS.

Project description:During chronic liver disease, tissue remodeling leads to dramatic changes and accumulation of matrix components. Matrix metalloproteases and their inhibitors have been involved in the regulation of matrix degradation. However, the role of other proteases remains incompletely defined. We undertook a gene-expression screen of human liver fibrosis samples using a dedicated gene array selected for relevance to protease activities, identifying the ADAMTS1 (A Disintegrin And Metalloproteinase [ADAM] with thrombospondin type 1 motif, 1) gene as an important node of the protease network. Up-regulation of ADAMTS1 in fibrosis was found to be associated with hepatic stellate cell (HSC) activation. ADAMTS1 is synthesized as 110-kDa latent forms and is processed by HSCs to accumulate as 87-kDa mature forms in fibrotic tissues. Structural evidence has suggested that the thrombospondin motif-containing domain from ADAMTS1 may be involved in interactions with, and activation of, the major fibrogenic cytokine, transforming growth factor beta (TGF-β). Indeed, we observed direct interactions between ADAMTS1 and latency-associated peptide-TGF-β (LAP-TGF-β). ADAMTS1 induces TGF-β activation through the interaction of the ADAMTS1 KTFR peptide with the LAP-TGF-β LKSL peptide. Down-regulation of ADAMTS1 in HSCs decreases the release of TGF-β competent for transcriptional activation, and KTFR competitor peptides directed against ADAMTS1 block the HSC-mediated release of active TGF-β. Using a mouse liver fibrosis model, we show that carbon tetrachloride treatment induces ADAMTS1 expression in parallel to that of type I collagen. Importantly, concurrent injection of the KTFR peptide prevents liver damage. CONCLUSION: Our results indicate that up-regulation of ADAMTS1 in HSCs constitutes a new mechanism for control of TGF-β activation in chronic liver disease. Total RNA from 32 patients with hepatic fibrosis associated with hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection (n=15) or alcohol abuse (n=17) versus a common pooled control liver sample, inverting the cy3 and cy5 labelling for each sample.

Dataset Information

Molecular force-induced supraphysiological liberation of transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-β) remodels the spleen for liver tissue growth

Dataset's files

Similar Datasets

OmicsDI is part of the ELIXIR infrastructure

Tweets