Browse
Submit Data
Databases
API
Help

Dataset Information

0 Views

0 Connections

0 Citations

0 Reanalyses

0 Downloads

Omics score: 0

Human iPSC-derived neurons reveal NMDAR-independent dysfunction following HIV-associated insults

ABSTRACT: The central nervous system encounters a number of challenges following HIV infection, leading to increased risk for a collection of neurocognitive symptoms clinically classified as HIV-associated neurocognitive disorders (HAND). Studies attempting to identify causal mechanisms and potential therapeutic interventions have historically relied on primary rodent neurons, but a number of recent reports take advantage of iPSC-derived neurons in order to study these mechanisms in a readily-reproducible, human model. We found that iPSC-derived neurons differentiated via an inducible neurogenin-2 transcription factor were resistant to gross toxicity from a number of HIV-associated insults previously reported to be toxic in rodent models, including HIV-infected myeloid cell supernatants and the integrase inhibitor antiretroviral drug, elvitegravir. Further examination of these cultures revealed robust resistance to NMDA receptor-mediated toxicity. We then performed a comparative analysis of iPSC neurons exposed to integrase inhibitors and activated microglial supernatants to study sub-cytotoxic alterations in micro electrode array (MEA)-measured neuronal activity and gene expression, identifying extracellular matrix interaction/morphogenesis as the most consistently altered pathways across HIV-associated insults. These findings illustrate that HIV-associated insults dysregulate human neuronal activity and organization even in the absence of gross NMDA-mediated neurotoxicity, which has important implications on the effects of these insults in neurodevelopment and on the interpretation of primary vs. iPSC in vitro neuronal studies.

ORGANISM(S): Homo sapiens

PROVIDER: GSE250609 | GEO | 2024/01/20

REPOSITORIES: GEO

ACCESS DATA

Json Xml

Similar Datasets

Deregulation of microRNAs by HIV-1 Vpr protein leads to the development of neurocognitive disorders

Project description:Studies have shown that HIV-infected patients develop neurocognitive disorders characterized by neuronal dysfunction. The lack of productive infection of neurons by HIV suggests that viral and cellular proteins, with neurotoxic activities, released from HIV-1-infected target cells can cause this neuronal deregulation. The viral protein R (Vpr), a protein encoded by HIV-1, has been shown to alter the expression of various important cytokines and inflammatory proteins in infected and uninfected cells; however the mechanisms involved remain unclear. Using a human neuronal cell line, we found that Vpr can be taken up by neurons causing: (i) deregulation of calcium homeostasis, (ii) endoplasmic reticulum-calcium release, (iii) activation of the oxidative stress pathway, (iv) mitochondrial dysfunction and v- synaptic retraction. In search for the cellular factors involved, we performed microRNAs and gene array assays using human neurons (primary cultures or cell line, SH-SY5Y) that we treated with recombinant Vpr proteins. Interestingly, Vpr deregulates the levels of several microRNAs (e.g. miR-34a) and their target genes (e.g. CREB), which could lead to neuronal dysfunctions. Therefore, we conclude that Vpr plays a major role in neuronal dysfunction through deregulating microRNAs and their target genes, a phenomenon that could lead to the development of neurocognitive disorders. Human fetal neurons were chosen to examine the impact of HIV-1 Vpr protein on gene expression

2012-12-07 | E-GEOD-42424 | biostudies-arrayexpress

Deregulation of microRNAs by HIV-1 Vpr protein leads to the development of neurocognitive disorders [differentiated SH-5Y cells]

Project description:Studies have shown that HIV-infected patients develop neurocognitive disorders characterized by neuronal dysfunction. The lack of productive infection of neurons by HIV suggests that viral and cellular proteins, with neurotoxic activities, released from HIV-1-infected target cells can cause this neuronal deregulation. The viral protein R (Vpr), a protein encoded by HIV-1, has been shown to alter the expression of various important cytokines and inflammatory proteins in infected and uninfected cells; however the mechanisms involved remain unclear. Using a human neuronal cell line, we found that Vpr can be taken up by neurons causing: (i) deregulation of calcium homeostasis, (ii) endoplasmic reticulum-calcium release, (iii) activation of the oxidative stress pathway, (iv) mitochondrial dysfunction and v- synaptic retraction. In search for the cellular factors involved, we performed microRNAs and gene array assays using human neurons (primary cultures or cell line, SH-SY5Y) that we treated with recombinant Vpr proteins. Interestingly, Vpr deregulates the levels of several microRNAs (e.g. miR-34a) and their target genes (e.g. CREB), which could lead to neuronal dysfunctions. Therefore, we conclude that Vpr plays a major role in neuronal dysfunction through deregulating microRNAs and their target genes, a phenomenon that could lead to the development of neurocognitive disorders. Human neurons SH-SY5Y were chosen to examine the impact of HIV-1 Vpr protein on gene expression

2013-01-17 | E-GEOD-43535 | biostudies-arrayexpress

Deregulation of microRNAs by HIV-1 Vpr protein leads to the development of neurocognitive disorders.

Project description:Studies have shown that HIV-infected patients develop neurocognitive disorders characterized by neuronal dysfunction. The lack of productive infection of neurons by HIV suggests that viral and cellular proteins, with neurotoxic activities, released from HIV-1-infected target cells can cause this neuronal deregulation. The viral protein R (Vpr), a protein encoded by HIV-1, has been shown to alter the expression of various important cytokines and inflammatory proteins in infected and uninfected cells; however the mechanisms involved remain unclear. Using a human neuronal cell line, we found that Vpr can be taken up by neurons causing: (i) deregulation of calcium homeostasis, (ii) endoplasmic reticulum-calcium release, (iii) activation of the oxidative stress pathway, (iv) mitochondrial dysfunction and v- synaptic retraction. In search for the cellular factors involved, we performed microRNAs and gene array assays using human neurons (primary cultures or cell line, SH-SY5Y) that we treated with recombinant Vpr proteins. Interestingly, Vpr deregulates the levels of several microRNAs (e.g. miR-34a) and their target genes (e.g. CREB), which could lead to neuronal dysfunctions. Therefore, we conclude that Vpr plays a major role in neuronal dysfunction through deregulating microRNAs and their target genes, a phenomenon that could lead to the development of neurocognitive disorders. Using primary cultures and neuronal cell lines, we examined the impact of a viral protein (HIV-1 Vpr) on the expression of miRNAs and mRNAs.

2013-02-12 | E-GEOD-44266 | biostudies-arrayexpress

PRR7 is a novel NMDA-dependent inhibitor of c-Jun ubiquitination in neurons

Project description:Elevated c-Jun levels result in apoptosis and are evident in neurodegenerative disorders such as Alzheimer's disease and dementia and after global cerebral insults such as stroke and epilepsy. NMDA receptor (NMDAR) antagonists block c-Jun upregulation and prevent neuronal cell death following excitotoxic insults. However, little is known about the molecular mechanisms that regulate c-Jun abundance in neurons. Here we show that PRR7, a component of synaptic junctions, can upregulate c-Jun levels by inhibiting its ubiquitination in neurons. PRR7 interacts with the GLUN1 subunit of NMDARs and is upregulated in the nucleus following NMDAR activation. We show that PRR7 interacts with the E3 ligase SCFFBW7 (FBW7) and blocks the FBW7-mediated ubiquitination of c-Jun. PRR7 overexpression increases c-Jun-dependent transcriptional activity and promotes neuronal death. Microarray assays indicate that both Prr7 knockdown or overexpression alter the abundance of c-Jun-regulated transcripts associated with cellular viability as well as synaptic function. Moreover, Prr7 knockdown attenuates NMDA-mediated excitotoxicity in primary neuronal cultures. Our results show that PRR7 links NMDAR activity to c-Jun function and provide insight into the processes that underlie NMDA-dependent excitotoxicity. Four biological replicas of each of the four conditions: NO = not transduced with virus; NT = transduced with control lentiviruses containing a non-targeting shRNA sequence; KD = transduced with lentiviruses expressing PRR7-specific shRNAs; OE= transduced with lentiviruses to overexpress PRR7.

2014-10-25 | E-GEOD-62686 | biostudies-arrayexpress

Deregulation of genes in SH-SY5Y treated with supernatant from U-937-HIV-1 infected cells

Project description:It is well known that HIV-1 does not infect neurons, however neurons are the most affected cells by the virus. Several studies linked the deregulation of neuronal transcriptional machinery to single HIV proteins, however the impact of the all the viral proteins on neurons remain unknown. In here we infected U-937 cells with JR-FL strain of HIV-1. 21 days later, the supernatants were collected and subjected to p24ELISA to measure the level of the virus. Supernatant was then added to SH-SY5Y cells in culture for 24hrs. The cells were then collected, RNA isolated and subjected to gene array analysis. Human neuronal cell line, SH-SY5Y were chosen to examine the impact of HIV-1 supernatant prepared from U-937 infected cells on gene expression in neuronal cells.

2012-12-07 | E-GEOD-42615 | biostudies-arrayexpress

PRR7 is a novel NMDA-dependent inhibitor of c-Jun ubiquitination in neurons

2014-10-25 | GSE62686 | GEO

Deregulation of microRNAs by HIV-1 Vpr protein leads to the development of neurocognitive disorders.

2013-02-12 | GSE44266 | GEO

Inhibition of cathepsin B and SAPC secreted by HIV-infected macrophages reverse common and unique apoptosis pathways

Project description:Human immunodeficiency virus 1 (HIV-1) infects blood monocytes that cross the blood-brain barrier to the central nervous system inducing neuronal damage. This damage is prompted by the secretion of viral and neurotoxic factors by HIV-infected macrophages and can result in HIV associated neurocognitive disorders (HAND). One of these neurotoxic factors secreted by HIV-infected macrophages is cathepsin B (CATB), a lysosomal cysteine protease that plays an important role in neurodegeneration. CATB interacts with Serum Amyloid P component (SAPC) contributing to HIV-induced neurotoxicity. However, the neuronal apoptosis pathways triggered by CATB and SAPC remain unknown. We aimed to elucidate these pathways in neurons exposed to HIV-infected macrophage conditioned media (MCM) before and after inhibition of CATB or SAPC using Tandem Mass Tag (TMT) proteomics labeling. Based on significant fold change (FC) ≥ ǀ2ǀ and p-value < 0.05 criteria, a total of 10, 48 and 13 proteins were deregulated after inhibiting CATB, SAPC antibodies and the cathepsin B inhibitor CA-074, respectively. We found that antibodies against CATB and SAPC, as well as the CATB inhibitor CA-074 downregulated apoptosis related proteins. CATB, SAPC or apoptotic related proteins could become potential targets against HIV-induced neuronal degeneration.

2022-01-20 | PXD024636 | Pride

Host response and dysfunction in the CNS during chronic simian immunodeficiency virus infection [human study]

Project description:Finding the differences in gene expression in three regions of the brai, basal ganglia, white matter, and frontal cortex, in normal, HIV infected, HIV inefected with neurocognitive impairment, and HIV infected with both neurocognitive impairment and encephalitis patients. We used microarrays to identify differentially expressed genes in normal, HIV infected, HIV inefected with neurocognitive impairment, and HIV infected with both neurocognitive impairment and encephalitis patients. Samples from three different brain regions from normal, HIV infected, HIV infected with neurocognitive impairment (HAD: HIV-associated dementia), and HIV infected with both neurocognitive impairment and encephalitis (HIVE: HIV encephalitis) patients were collected for RNA isolation and supsequent Affymetrix microarray analysis. We sought to obtain gene expression levels in different brain regions to find implication of HIV and the neurological impairment and inflammation associated with HIV infection.

2012-07-31 | E-GEOD-35864 | biostudies-arrayexpress

HIV-Tat treatment of human neurons in vitro over time: towards a model for the molecular pathology of HIV-associated neurocognitive disorders (~70% cell culture confluence dataset)

Project description:We have used LC-MSMS discovery proteomics to identify the quantitative, cell-wide changes that occur when non-transformed, differentiated human neurons are treated with HIV-Tat over time. This may represent a novel cell culture model for initial HIV-associated neurocognitive disorder progression.

2017-05-19 | PXD006332 | Pride

OmicsDI is part of the ELIXIR infrastructure

OmicsDI is an Elixir interoperability service. Learn more ›

OmicsDI Databases

PRIDE
PeptideAtlas
MassIVE
JPOST Repository
Physiome Model Repository

EGA
EVA
ENA
LINCS
PAXDB
Cell Collective

MetaboLights
Metabolomics Workbench
MetabolomeExpress
GNPS
BioModels
FAIRDOMHub

ArrayExpress
dbGaP
ExpressionAtlas
GEO
NODE

Information

Databases
Help
API
Contact us
Code on GitHub
Terms of use
Submit Data