Project description:We investigated whether biomarker analysis in endobronchial epithelial lining fluid (ELF) collected by bronchoscopic microsampling may be useful for a definitive preoperative diagnosis. Therefore we compared ELF samples close to nodule and from the contralateral site from patients with malignant or benign diagnosis. ELF samples have been derived from early stage NSCLC patients and controls. LIMMA analysis was performed to identify differentially expressed genes associated to a malignant diagnosis. keywords: disease subtype analysis
Project description:We investigated whether biomarker analysis in endobronchial epithelial lining fluid (ELF) collected by bronchoscopic microsampling may be useful for a definitive preoperative diagnosis. Therefore we compared ELF samples close to nodule and from the contralateral site from patients with malignant or benign diagnosis. ELF samples have been derived from early stage NSCLC patients and controls. Wilcox Test was performed to identify differentially expressed genes associated to a malignant diagnosis. key words: disease subtype analysis
Project description:We investigated whether biomarker analysis in endobronchial epithelial lining fluid (ELF) collected by bronchoscopic microsampling may be useful for a definitive preoperative diagnosis. Therefore we compared ELF samples close to nodule and from the contralateral site from patients with malignant or benign diagnosis.
Project description:We investigated whether biomarker analysis in endobronchial epithelial lining fluid (ELF) collected by bronchoscopic microsampling may be useful for a definitive preoperative diagnosis. Therefore we compared ELF samples close to nodule and from the contralateral site from patients with malignant or benign diagnosis.
Project description:We investigated whether biomarker analysis in endobronchial epithelial lining fluid (ELF) collected by bronchoscopic microsampling may be useful for a definitive preoperative diagnosis. Therefore we compared ELF samples close to nodule and from the contralateral site from patients with malignant or benign diagnosis. ELF samples have been derived from early stage NSCLC patients and controls. Wilcox Test was performed to identify differentially expressed genes associated to a malignant diagnosis. key words: disease subtype analysis
Project description:We investigated whether biomarker analysis in endobronchial epithelial lining fluid (ELF) collected by bronchoscopic microsampling may be useful for a definitive preoperative diagnosis. Therefore we compared ELF samples close to nodule and from the contralateral site from patients with malignant or benign diagnosis. ELF samples have been derived from early stage NSCLC patients and controls. LIMMA analysis was performed to identify differentially expressed genes associated to a malignant diagnosis. keywords: disease subtype analysis
Project description:BackgroundBlood-based biomarkers might help lung cancer diagnosis. A panel of serum tumour markers (TM) has been validated for hospital referrals due to clinical suspicion of lung cancer. We have compared plasma from a cohort enriched for early-stage lung cancer, including controls from a healthy population cohort.MethodsTM assays for CEA, CYFRA 21-1, CA15.3, ProGRP and SCC were run on a Roche Elecsys 2010 Immunoassay Analyser for a retrospective, nested case-control cohort from the Liverpool Lung Project. The primary endpoints were the sensitivity and specificity of a pre-defined TM panel using published thresholds.ResultsExcept for ProGRP, TM levels were significantly higher in cases and ROC AUC values demonstrated significant discriminant power. Accuracy and levels were higher for late-stage cancers, except for ProGRP which was highest in stage 1 cancers. Although providing similar sensitivity (82.4% vs 88.5%), TMs performed worse for specificity (39.3% vs 82%) and overall (Youden's Index 0.22 vs 0.77) and this was not improved by threshold optimisation or binary logistic regression.ConclusionsAlthough the TMs were associated with lung cancer status and discriminatory with a high sensitivity when combined, performance was compromised in early-stage disease, which casts some doubt on utility in the screening setting.
Project description:BACKGROUND:Lung epithelial lining fluid (ELF)-sampled through sputum induction-is a medium rich in cells, proteins and lipids. However, despite its key role in maintaining lung function, homeostasis and defences, the composition and biology of ELF, especially in respect of lipids, remain incompletely understood. OBJECTIVES:To characterise the induced sputum lipidome of healthy adult individuals, and to examine associations between different ELF lipid phenotypes and the demographic characteristics within the study cohort. METHODS:Induced sputum samples were obtained from 41 healthy non-smoking adults, and their lipid compositions analysed using a combination of untargeted shotgun and liquid chromatography mass spectrometry methods. Topological data analysis (TDA) was used to group subjects with comparable sputum lipidomes in order to identify distinct ELF phenotypes. RESULTS:The induced sputum lipidome was diverse, comprising a range of different molecular classes, including at least 75 glycerophospholipids, 13 sphingolipids, 5 sterol lipids and 12 neutral glycerolipids. TDA identified two distinct phenotypes differentiated by a higher total lipid content and specific enrichments of diacyl-glycerophosphocholines, -inositols and -glycerols in one group, with enrichments of sterols, glycolipids and sphingolipids in the other. Subjects presenting the lipid-rich ELF phenotype also had significantly higher BMI, but did not differ in respect of other demographic characteristics such as age or gender. CONCLUSIONS:We provide the first evidence that the ELF lipidome varies significantly between healthy individuals and propose that such differences are related to weight status, highlighting the potential impact of (over)nutrition on lung lipid metabolism.
Project description:Pancreatic cancer (PC) is a highly lethal malignancy with near 100% mortality. This is in part due to the fact that most patients present with metastatic or locally advanced disease at the time of diagnosis. Significantly, in nearly 95% of PC patients there is neither an associated family history of PC nor of diseases known to be associated with an increased risk of PC. These groups of patients who comprise the bulk of PC cases are termed as "sporadic PC" in contrast to the familial PC cases that comprise only about 5% of all PCs. Given the insidious onset of the malignancy and its extreme resistance to chemo and radiotherapy, an abundance of research in recent years has focused on identifying biomarkers for the early detection of PC, specifically aiming at the sporadic PC cohort. However, while several studies have established that asymptomatic individuals with a positive family history of PC and those with certain heritable syndromes are candidates for PC screening, the role of screening in identifying sporadic PC is still an unsettled question. The present review attempts to assess this critical question by investigating the recent advances made in molecular markers with potential use in the early diagnosis of sporadic PC - the largest cohort of PC cases worldwide. It also outlines a novel yet simple risk factor based stratification system that could be potentially employed by clinicians to identify those individuals who are at an elevated risk for the development of sporadic PC and therefore candidates for screening.
Project description:Using biomarkers to select the most at-risk population, to detect the disease while measurable and yet not clinically apparent has been the goal of many investigations. Recent advances in molecular strategies and analytic platforms, including genomics, epigenomics, proteomics, and metabolomics, have identified increasing numbers of potential biomarkers in the blood, urine, exhaled breath condensate, bronchial specimens, saliva, and sputum, but none have yet moved to the clinical setting. Therefore, there is a recognized gap between the promise and the product delivery in the cancer biomarker field. In this review, we define clinical contexts where risk and diagnostic biomarkers may have use in the management of lung cancer, identify the most relevant candidate biomarkers of early detection, provide their state of development, and finally discuss critical aspects of study design in molecular biomarkers for early detection of lung cancer.