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NGF stimulation alters the transcriptome and surface TrkB expression in axons of dorsal root ganglia neurons

ABSTRACT: Nerve growth factor (NGF) is released after injury from macrophages and other cell types and induces an inflammatory response in neurons, characterized by local subcellular reactions and transcriptomic modulation. NGF-induced axonal transcriptome modulation may be crucial for pain initiation and maintenance. To explore these acute modulations, we cultured dorsal root ganglion neurons in microfluidic chambers and stimulated the axons with NGF. We found that axonal levels of the Il7 transcript encoding interleukin-7 (IL-7) are increased after NGF stimulation, followed by IL-7 release from axons. In growth cones of sensory neurons, we also observed a reorganization of the ribosomal subunits 60S and 40S in response to NGF stimulation. In addition, a dynamic change in the spatio-temporal distribution of the Tropomyosin Kinase B (TrkB) receptor occurs at the plasma membrane of sensory neuron growth cones. TrkB is recruited from the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) leading to increased cell surface levels. De-novo synthesis of TrkB seems to be limited to somatic regions of sensory neurons. Thus, cytosolic mechanisms within distal regions of the sensory neurons may autonomously regulate signaling and translation in response to external NGF stimuli.

ORGANISM(S): Mus musculus

PROVIDER: GSE292014 | GEO | 2025/08/19

REPOSITORIES: GEO

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Project description:The subcellular localization of specific mRNAs is an evolutionary conserved mechanism that underlies the establishment of cellular polarity and specialized cell functions. In neurons, mRNA trafficking and local protein translation in dendrites provides an important mechanism that mediates synaptic development and plasticity. The significance of mRNA targeting and protein synthesis in axons, however, is still unclear. Only a small number of transcripts have been identified in axons to date, and their contribution to axon growth and neuronal survival remains largely unknown. Here, we report the results of a novel screen that allowed the separate identification of mRNAs localized in cell bodies and in axons of developing neurons. Using compartmentalized cultures of sympathetic neurons and Sequential Analysis of Gene Expression (SAGE), the screen identified more than 200 axonal mRNAs, including ones that encode cytoskeletal proteins and proteins that function in neural development and signal transduction. Importantly, several classes of transcripts were selectively enriched in axons, indicating that an active process drives the targeting of specific mRNAs from the cell bodies to the axons. This study is the first comprehensive and unbiased analysis of mRNA localization in subcellular domains of any neuronal cell type. We used compartmentalized chambers to culture neonatal rat sympathetic neurons (Campenot, 1977). In these cultures, the cell bodies are separated from the distal axons by a 1 mm wide Teflon divider, which maintains the cell bodies and axon terminals in separate fluid compartments. Primary rat sympathetic neurons are especially suitable for compartmentalized culture because they can be grown as a highly homogeneous population without glial cells. Neurons were seeded in the central compartment with nerve growth factor (NGF), and after a few days, the NGF was lowered in this compartment and supplied only to the peripheral compartment to stimulate axon growth. The anti-mitotic agent cytosine arabinoside C (Ara-C) was added to both compartments to remove non-neuronal cells. mRNA was then isolated after 12 days in culture (DIV) from cell body or axon compartments. As the initial mRNA content in axons was not sufficient to perform the SAGE analysis, both axon and cell body mRNAs were subjected to two rounds of linear amplification to obtain antisense RNA (aRNA). The amplified aRNA was then reverse transcribed and second strand synthesis was performed to proceed with the SAGE assay using the LongSAGE kit (Invitrogen) according to the manufacturer’s protocol.

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NGF stimulation alters the transcriptome and surface TrkB expression in axons of dorsal root ganglia neurons

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