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Arabidopsis chromatin remodeler SPLAYED is required for abscisic acid-mediated post-germination growth arrest

ABSTRACT: The phytohormone abscisic acid (ABA) promotes seed dormancy, inhibition of seed germination, and post-germination growth arrest. It remains unclear how chromatin remodeling influences ABA responses during early seedling establishment. In this study, an artificial microRNA targeting two Sucrose non-fermenting 2 (SNF2)-family chromatin remodeling ATPases, SPLAYED (SYD) and PHOTOPERIOD-INDEPENDENT EARLY FLOWERING1 (PIE1), was identified through unbiased forward genetic screening of artificial microRNA (amiRNA)-expressing pooled seed libraries exhibiting ABA insensitivity during the seed-to-seedling transition. T-DNA insertional mutants of syd and pie1, along with amiRNA-expressing knockdown lines amiR-SYD and amiR-PIE1, confirmed that SYD is required for ABA inhibition of post-germination growth. Transcriptomic analyses revealed that, under ABA treatment, amiR-SYD mutant seeds exhibited increased expression of the ABA catabolism gene CYP707A3 and the gibberellin (GA) biosynthesis genes GA20OX2, GA20OX3, GA3OX1, GA3OX2, and GA3OX4. Concurrently, the ABA-responsive genes KIN1 and EM6 were less strongly induced, whereas the GA-responsive genes GASA4 and GASA6 were more strongly induced. The ABA hyposensitivity observed in amiR-SYD mutants was reversed by treatment with uniconazole, an inhibitor of ABA catabolism and GA biosynthesis. These findings suggest that the SYD-associated chromatin remodeling complex positively regulates ABA-mediated post-germination growth arrest by modulating the balance between ABA and GA responses, in contrast to its close homolog BRAHMA (BRM), which negatively regulates ABA responses through an ABI5-mediated checkpoint.

ORGANISM(S): Arabidopsis thaliana

PROVIDER: GSE298833 | GEO | 2025/06/12

REPOSITORIES: GEO

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Project description:In response to environmental light signals, transcriptomic adjustment plays an important role in Arabidopsis seed germination and seedling development. G-box cis-element is commonly present in promoters of genes positively or negatively responding to the light signal. For the pursuit of additional transcriptional regulator modulating light-mediated transcriptome changes, we have identified AtbZIP16, a basic region/leucine zipper motif transcription factor, via G-box DNA affinity chromatography. We have confirmed that AtbZIP16 possesses G-box-specific binding activity. Analyses of atbzip16 mutants indicate that AtbZIP16 is a negative regulator in phyB-mediated inhibition of cell elongation, but a positive regulator in phytochrome-mediated seed germination process. Transcriptomic analysis supports that AtbZIP16 is primarily a transcriptional repressor regulating light-, GA- and ABA-responsive genes. Chromatin immunoprecipitation study revealed that AtbZIP16 could directly target RGL2, a DELLA gene, and indirectly repress the expression of PIL5 gene, which encodes a bHLH protein inhibiting seed germination in Arabidopsis. Our study indicated that, through repressing the expression of RGL2 and the antagonizing the expression of PIL5, AtbZIP16 functions to promote seed germination and hypocotyl elongation during early stages of Arabidopsis seedling development. In response to environmental light signals, transcriptomic adjustment plays an important role in Arabidopsis seed germination and seedling development. G-box cis-element is commonly present in promoters of genes positively or negatively responding to the light signal. For the pursuit of additional transcriptional regulator modulating light-mediated transcriptome changes, we have identified AtbZIP16, a basic region/leucine zipper motif transcription factor, via G-box DNA affinity chromatography. We have confirmed that AtbZIP16 possesses G-box-specific binding activity. Analyses of atbzip16 mutants indicate that AtbZIP16 is a negative regulator in phyB-mediated inhibition of cell elongation, but a positive regulator in phytochrome-mediated seed germination process. Transcriptomic analysis supports that AtbZIP16 is primarily a transcriptional repressor regulating light-, GA- and ABA-responsive genes. Chromatin immunoprecipitation study revealed that AtbZIP16 could directly target RGL2, a DELLA gene, and indirectly repress the expression of PIL5 gene, which encodes a bHLH protein inhibiting seed germination in Arabidopsis. Our study indicated that, through repressing the expression of RGL2 and the antagonizing the expression of PIL5, AtbZIP16 functions to promote seed germination and hypocotyl elongation during early stages of Arabidopsis seedling development.

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Arabidopsis chromatin remodeler SPLAYED is required for abscisic acid-mediated post-germination growth arrest

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