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Transcriptomic assessment of host responses in Vaccinia and Venezuelan equine encephalitis virus-infected human dendritic cells

ABSTRACT: Understanding host cell response to viral infection could lead to the identification of molecular targets that can be used for the development of diagnostics and therapeutics. In this study, we investigated human dendritic cell (DC) response to infections with Vaccinia (VAC) virus, a highly immunogenic poxvirus and Venezuelan Equine Encephalitis (VEEV) virus, a single-stranded positive strand RNA Alphavirus using human gene expression (mRNA) microarrays. Comparative changes in DC mRNA expression resulting from infection by the two viruses at 1-, 8-, and 12-hours post-infection (hpi) were determined. Most changes in mRNA expression occurred during 8-12 hpi. Expression of genes involved in the proinflammatory, blood circulation and regulation of innate immune response pathways was more pronounced in VEEV-infected cells than VAC-infected-cells. VAC-infected cells showed selective expression of genes involved in platelet activation, DNA damage and macromolecule synthesis pathways. mRNA expression from both exposures showed stronger and immediate response in VAC infection when compared to uninfected controls whereas delayed response was observed in VEE. This study identifies a broad range of pathways affected by VAC and VEE, highlighting the complex interplay between immune activation, cellular stress, and gene regulation. The specific up- or down-regulation of these pathways at different time points likely dictates the overall outcome of the viral infection and could potentially lead to improved pre-symptomatic surveillance and diagnosis.

ORGANISM(S): Homo sapiens

PROVIDER: GSE309062 | GEO | 2026/05/15

REPOSITORIES: GEO

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