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The TENT5A–ATXN2 axis modulates cellular survival during heat stress.

ABSTRACT: Stress conditions elicit the formation of different kinds of stress granules. The assembly and composition of heat-induced stress granules remain poorly characterized. Here, we show that the cytoplasmic RNA polyadenylases TENT5A regulate the formation and function of ATXN2-positive heat-induced stress granules. Tent5a mRNA expression increases when somatic and germ cells are exposed to temperatures between 40°C and 42°C, but not upon exposure to other stressors. TENT5A decreases ATXN2 levels by reducing Atxn2 mRNA translation and accelerating ATXN2 protein decay. Upon heat exposure of the testis, ATXN2-positive stress granules are formed in pre-meiotic and meiotic cells independently of the presence of G3BP1 and the heat stress response protein DAZL. Depletion of TENT5A leads to increased cell-type-specific formation of ATXN2-positive stress granules and differentially regulates cell survival. In sum, TENT5A inhibits the formation of ATXN2-positive granules to modulate the heat shock response in vivo.

ORGANISM(S): Mus musculus

PROVIDER: GSE311487 | GEO | 2026/07/10

REPOSITORIES: GEO

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			Action	DRS
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	GSE311487_17-CL1_shTENT5AB_master.polya.tsv.gz	Tabular

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Project description:Spinocerebellar Ataxia Type 2 (SCA2) is caused by expansion of a polyglutamine encoding triplet repeat in the human ATXN2 gene beyond (CAG)31. This is thought to mediate toxic gain-of-function by protein aggregation, and affect RNA processing, resulting in degenerative processes affecting preferentially cerebellar neurons. As a faithful animal model, we generated a knock-in mouse replacing the single CAG of murine Atxn2 with CAG42, a frequent patient genotype. This expansion size was inherited stably. The mice showed phenotypes with reduced weight and later motor incoordination. Although brain Atxn2 mRNA became elevated, soluble ATXN2 protein levels diminished over time, which might explain partial loss-of-function effects. Deficits in soluble ATXN2 protein correlated with the appearance of insoluble ATXN2, a progressive feature in cerebellum possibly reflecting toxic gains-of-function. Since in vitro ATXN2 overexpression was known to reduce levels of its protein interactor PABPC1, we studied expansion effects on PABPC1. In cortex, PABPC1 transcript, soluble and insoluble protein levels were increased. In more vulnerable cerebellum the progressive insolubility of PABPC1 was accompanied by decreased soluble protein levels, with PABPC1 mRNA showing no compensatory increase. The sequestration of PABPC1 into insolubility by ATXN2 function gains was validated in human cell culture. To understand consequences on mRNA processing, transcriptome profiles at medium and old age in three different tissues were studied and demonstrated selective induction of Fbxw8 in old cerebellum. Fbxw8 is encoded next to the Atxn2 locus and was shown in vitro to decrease the level of expanded insoluble ATXN2 protein. In conclusion, our data support the concept that expanded ATXN2 undergoes progressive insolubility and affects PABPC1 by a toxic gain-of-function mechanism with tissue-specific effects, which may be partially alleviated by the induction of FBXW8. Factorial design comparing Atxn2 knock-in mice with wild type littermates in three different tissues (brainstem, cerebellum, liver)

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The TENT5A–ATXN2 axis modulates cellular survival during heat stress.

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