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Effects of rocking during sleep on the bulk transcriptome of mouse cerebral cortex.

ABSTRACT: Transcriptomic studies have revealed that sleep and wake states are associated with widespread changes in gene expression in the brain across multiple species. While these findings have provided important insights into the molecular correlates of sleep, the transcriptional consequences of experimentally enhancing sleep through non-pharmacological interventions remain poorly characterized. In the present study, we investigated the effects of sleep enhancement induced by vestibular stimulation via rocking on the bulk transcriptome of the mouse cerebral cortex. Mice were exposed to repeated rocking sessions during sleep across multiple days, a protocol previously shown to increase sleep duration and consolidation. Cortical tissue was collected following the stimulation protocol, and bulk RNA sequencing was performed to assess global gene expression changes associated with rocking-induced sleep enhancement. Transcriptomic analysis revealed significant modulation of genes involved in synaptic function, neurotransmission, and plasticity-related pathways, consistent with the observed behavioral and synaptic outcomes of the experimental paradigm. These data provide a molecular framework for understanding how sensory-driven sleep enhancement influences cortical gene expression and support a link between improved sleep and transcriptional programs associated with neuroplasticity.

ORGANISM(S): Mus musculus

PROVIDER: GSE316798 | GEO | 2026/01/29

REPOSITORIES: GEO

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Project description:Although at the organismal level sleep is defined as a behavioral state, at the level of the cerebral cortex sleep has a distinct local and use-dependent aspect. This observation raises the question whether sleep is a functional property of a complex brain or occurs at the level of neuronal assemblies with populations that were active more during wakefulness needing more intense sleep to recover. Here we show that primary cortical cultures have the capacity to change between sleep- and wake-like states that share key signatures with their in vivo counterparts. Cortical cultures initially exhibit random firing activity that is gradually replaced by a M-bM-^@M-^\sleep-likeM-bM-^@M-^] synchronized burst-pause firing activity as neurons mature and make connections. When stimulated with excitatory neurotransmitters, transient tonic firing is observed, followed by the reappearance of a M-bM-^@M-^\sleep-likeM-bM-^@M-^] state. Besides electrophysiological similarities also the transcriptional profile of stimulated cortical cultures greatly resembles that of the cortex of sleep deprived animals. We then used our in vitro model to map the metabolic pathways activated by the M-bM-^@M-^\wake-likeM-bM-^@M-^] state and found evidence for increased lysolipid release, strongly suggesting that sleep plays a role in neuronal membrane homeostasis. With our in vitro model the cellular and molecular consequences of sleep loss and the genetic determinants of disturbed sleep can now be investigated in a dish. Keywords: stress response For the in vivo transcriptome analyses mice were sleep deprived for 6 hours and brain harvested immediately afterwards. For the in vitro analyses, cortical cultures were stimulated with a neurotransmitter cocktail and cells harvested 3 hours afterwards. Control mice were kept undisturbed in their home cage and control cultures were sham stimulated with water. Also, another set of sleep deprived mice as well as stimulated cultures were allowed to recover before being sampled the next day at the time of day at which sleep deprivation or stimulation started the day before).

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Effects of rocking during sleep on the bulk transcriptome of mouse cerebral cortex.

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