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Effect of Drosophila immune proteins on gene expression in E. coli

ABSTRACT: Interaction between the host and invading pathogen determines the fate of both organisms during the infectious state. The host is equipped with a battery of immune reactions, while the pathogen displays a variety of mechanisms to compromise host immunity. Although bacteria alter their pattern of gene expression when they enter host organisms, studies to elucidate the mechanism behind this are only in their infancy. In the present study, we examined the possibility that host immune proteins directly participate in the change of gene expression in bacteria. To this end, Escherichia coli was treated with a mixture of the extracellular region of membrane-bound peptidoglycan recognition protein LC (PGRP-LC) and the antimicrobial peptide attacin of Drosophila, and subsequently subjected to DNA microarray analysis for the repertoire of mRNA. We identified nearly 200 genes whose mRNA increased after the treatment, and at least four of them were induced in response to PGRP-LC. One such gene, lipoprotein-encoding nlpI, showed a transient increase of its mRNA level in adult flies depending on PGRP-LC, and NlpI-lacking E. coli had a smaller pathogenic effect with lowered growth/viability than the parental strain in adult flies. These results suggest that a host immune receptor triggers a change of gene expression in bacteria simultaneously to their recognition of the invader and induction of immune responses.

ORGANISM(S): Escherichia coli

PROVIDER: GSE61604 | GEO | 2015/01/13

SECONDARY ACCESSION(S): PRJNA261672

REPOSITORIES: GEO

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Effect of Drosophila immune proteins on gene expression in E. coli

Project description:Interaction between the host and invading pathogen determines the fate of both organisms during the infectious state. The host is equipped with a battery of immune reactions, while the pathogen displays a variety of mechanisms to compromise host immunity. Although bacteria alter their pattern of gene expression when they enter host organisms, studies to elucidate the mechanism behind this are only in their infancy. In the present study, we examined the possibility that host immune proteins directly participate in the change of gene expression in bacteria. To this end, Escherichia coli was treated with a mixture of the extracellular region of membrane-bound peptidoglycan recognition protein LC (PGRP-LC) and the antimicrobial peptide attacin of Drosophila, and subsequently subjected to DNA microarray analysis for the repertoire of mRNA. We identified nearly 200 genes whose mRNA increased after the treatment, and at least four of them were induced in response to PGRP-LC. One such gene, lipoprotein-encoding nlpI, showed a transient increase of its mRNA level in adult flies depending on PGRP-LC, and NlpI-lacking E. coli had a smaller pathogenic effect with lowered growth/viability than the parental strain in adult flies. These results suggest that a host immune receptor triggers a change of gene expression in bacteria simultaneously to their recognition of the invader and induction of immune responses. The E. coli strain BW25113 (2 x 10^9) suspended with insect saline (0.13 M NaCl, 4.7 mM KCl, 1.9 mM CaCl2), was incubated with a mixture of GST-attacin (0.125 Î¼M), GST-PGRP-LCa (0.5 Î¼M), GST-PGRP-LCx (1 Î¼M), and GST-PGRP-LCy (0.5 Î¼M) for 10 min at room temperature. As a negative control, incubation of E. coli was done in the presence of GST alone (3 Î¼M).

2015-01-13 | E-GEOD-61604 | biostudies-arrayexpress

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2014-07-25 | GSE44211 | GEO

Gene expression in Escherichia coli treated with human PGRP, gentamicin, and CCCP

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Gene expression in Bacillus subtilis treated with human PGRP, gentamicin, and CCCP

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Analysis of genes regulated by Akirin and Brahma upon IMD pathway activation in drosophila S2 cells

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RNA-Sequencing analysis of the Drosophila transcriptomic response to infection by entomopathogenic nematodes and their mutualistic bacteria

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2015-09-12 | E-GEOD-61466 | biostudies-arrayexpress

Oryza Sativa and Magnaporthe Grisea LongSAGE

2004-11-07 | E-GEOD-1924 | biostudies-arrayexpress

Gene expression in Bacillus subtilis treated with human PGRP, gentamicin, and CCCP

Project description:Human Peptidoglycan Recognition Proteins (PGRPs) kill bacteria, likely by over-activating stress responses in bacteria. To gain insight into the mechanism of PGRP killing of Bacillus subtilis and bacterial defense against PGRP killing, gene expression in B. subtilis treated with a control protein (bovine serum albumin, BSA), human recombinant PGRP (PGLYRP4), gentamicin (aminoglycoside antibiotic), and CCCP (membrane potential decoupler) were compared. Each treatment induced unique and somewhat overlapping pattern of gene expression. PGRP highly increased expression of genes for oxidative and disulfide stress, detoxification and efflux of Cu, As, and Zn, several transporters, repair of damaged proteins and DNA, energy generation, histidine and cysteine synthesis, envelope lysis and remodeling, and other stress responses. PGRP also caused marked decrease in the expression of genes for phosphate uptake and utilization, Fe uptake, and motility. Gene expression microarray in B. subtilis exposed to a human bactericidal innate immunity protein, PGRP, showed induction of oxidative stress response and defense genes, with different expression pattern than B. subtilis exposed to an aminoglycoside antibiotic and a membrane potential decoupler. B. subtilis was treated with PGRP (human recombinant PGLYRP4), gentamicin, or CCCP (carbonyl cyanide 3-chlorophenylhydrazone). RNA was obtained from each culture and assayed for gene expression using custom whole genome Affymetrix 900513 GeneChip B. subtilis Genome Array. Each experiment was repeated 3 times.

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Xenophagic process controls the Enteroinvasive Escherichia coli infection of the epithelial cells II

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