Traceless peptide and protein modification via rational tuning of halopyridiniums
Ontology highlight
ABSTRACT:
ORGANISM(S): Homo Sapiens
SUBMITTER: 
Rui Wang
PROVIDER: PXD045683 | iProX | Mon Sep 25 00:00:00 BST 2023
REPOSITORIES: iProX
Similar Datasets
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2010-02-27 | E-GEOD-20454 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:The essential thiol antioxidant, glutathione (GSH) is recruited into the nucleus of mammalian cells early in cell proliferation, suggesting a key role of the nuclear thiol pool in cell cycle regulation. However, the functions of nuclear GSH (GSHn) and its integration with the cytoplasmic GSH (GSHc) pools in whole cell redox homeostasis and signaling are unknown. Here we show that GSH is recruited into the nucleus early in cell proliferation in Arabidopsis thaliana, confirming the requirement for localization of GSH in the nucleus as a universal feature of cell cycle regulation. GSH accumulation in the nucleus was triggered by treatments that synchronize cells at G1/S as identified by flow cytometry and marker transcripts. Significant decreases in transcripts associated with oxidative signaling and stress tolerance occurred when GSH was localized in the nucleus. Increases in GSH1 and GSH2 transcripts accompanied the large increase in total cellular GSH observed during cell proliferation, but only GSH2 was differentially expressed in cells with high GSHn relative to those with an even intracellular distribution of GSH. Of the 7 Bcl-2 associated (BAG) genes in A. thaliana, only the nuclear-localized BAG 6 was differentially expressed in cells with high GSHn compared to GSHc. We conclude that GSHn is associated with decreased oxidative signaling and stress responses and that whole cell redox homeostasis is restored as the cell cycle progresses by enhanced GSH synthesis and accumulation in the cytoplasm.
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Project description:Directed evolution (DE) is a process of mutation and iterative artificial selection to breed biomolecules with new or improved activity. DE platforms are primarily prokaryotic or yeast-based, and stable highly mutagenic mammalian systems have been challenging to establish and apply. To this end, we developed PROTein Evolution Using Selection (PROTEUS), a new platform that uses chimeric virus-like vesicles (VLVs) to enable extended mammalian DE campaigns without loss of system integrity. This platform, consisting of a minimal modified Semliki Forest virus genome controlling expression of the Indiana vesiculovirus G coat protein, is stable and can generate sufficient diversity for DE in mammalian systems. Using PROTEUS, we altered the doxycycline responsiveness of tetracycline-controlled transactivators, generating a more sensitive TetON-4G tool for gene regulation. PROTEUS is also compatible with intracellular nanobody evolution, and we use it to design a novel DNA damage-responsive anti-p53 nanobody. Overall, PROTEUS is a robust, efficient, and stable platform to direct evolution of biomolecules within mammalian cells.
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