Dataset Information

Synergistic Effects of High-Fiber Diet and N-Carbamylglutamate on Sow Reproductive Performance via Uterine Microbiota-PI3K/Akt Modulation

ABSTRACT:

Uterine microbiome is crucial for embryo implantation and pregnancy by creating a favorable environment. While both high fiber diet and N-Carbamylglutamate (NCG) have been individually demonstrated to enhance reproductive efficiency in sows, their potential synergistic effects and the involvement of uterine microbial mechanisms remain largely unexplored. In this study, we employed a multi-omics approach to investigate the synergistic impact of a high-fiber diet combined with 0.05% NCG on reproductive performance in Landrace × Yorkshire sows. The study revealed that high fiber with NCG (H+N) significantly increased FSH activity and T-AOC content in serum. Metagenomic analysis indicated an increased abundance of Clostridium disporicum in the uterine microbiota. Plasma metabolomics identified key metabolites- hydroxylysine-as mediators of H+N intervention, which positively correlated with elevated Clostridium disporicum abundance. Subsequent transcriptomic profiling revealed activation of the PI3K-Akt signaling pathway, which was associated with increased FSH activity and T-AOC content. Overall, these findings demonstrated that the supplementation of a high-fiber diet with NCG enhances sow reproductive efficiency by modulating the uterine microbiota (specifically Clostridium disporicum), increasing hydroxylysine production, and activating the PI3K-Akt signaling pathway, thereby improving hormonal activity and antioxidant capacity.

INSTRUMENT(S): Liquid Chromatography MS - negative - reverse-phase, Liquid Chromatography MS - positive - reverse-phase

PROVIDER: MTBLS13635 | MetaboLights | 2026-01-08

REPOSITORIES: MetaboLights

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			Action	DRS
	a_MTBLS13635_LC-MS_negative_reverse-phase_metabolite_profiling.txt	Txt
	a_MTBLS13635_LC-MS_positive_reverse-phase_metabolite_profiling.txt	Txt
	i_Investigation.txt	Txt
	m_MTBLS13635_LC-MS_negative_reverse-phase_metabolite_profiling_v2_maf.tsv	Tabular
	m_MTBLS13635_LC-MS_positive_reverse-phase_metabolite_profiling_v2_maf.tsv	Tabular

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Project description:Placental dysplasia critically impairs fetal growth and development by disrupting nutrient supply. Thiamine, predominantly in its bioactive form thiamine pyrophosphate, serves as an essential coenzyme in mitochondrial energy metabolism, yet its regulatory role in placental development remains elusive.ObjectivesThis study systematically unraveled the metabolic network disparities between sows with different reproductive potentials and elucidates the mechanisms by which characterized metabolites enhance placental angiogenesis and nutrient transport efficiency to promote fetal development.MethodsWe initially analyzed plasma and fecal metabolite composition and fecal microbial composition of sows with high and low reproductive potential by 16S rRNA sequencing and untargeted metabolomics. Subsequently, we evaluated the effects of thiamine, the identified characterized metabolite, on the angiogenesis and nutrient transport functions of placenta and the growth and development of offspring in a rat model, as well as verified the effects of thiamine on the cell migration of placental trophoblast cells by in vitro experiment.ResultsSows with high reproductive potential exhibit a distinct metabolic profile with significantly elevated plasma arginine and fecal thiamine levels and the abundance of gut thiamine-synthesizing bacteria increases in parallel. Maternal thiamine supplementation effectively promotes offspring growth and enhances thiamine metabolism in the maternal-placental-fetal axis. Meanwhile, thiamine improves placental function by increasing thiamine-related metabolic enzymes and acetyl-CoA content in the placenta. Furthermore, thiamine facilitates placental angiogenesis via activation of the Notch signaling pathway and initiates the Notch-PI3K/AKT cascade reaction, which regulates placental nutrient metabolism efficiency and transporter expression.ConclusionsMaternal supplementation with thiamine during gestation and lactation promotes placental development and enhances offspring growth through activation of the Notch signaling pathway.

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Synergistic Effects of High-Fiber Diet and N-Carbamylglutamate on Sow Reproductive Performance via Uterine Microbiota-PI3K/Akt Modulation

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