Analysis of the Mechanism of Pathogenicity Decline in Alternaria alternata f. sp. mali Mediated by the Mycovirus AaCV1
Ontology highlight
ABSTRACT:
INSTRUMENT(S): Liquid Chromatography MS - negative - reverse-phase, Liquid Chromatography MS - positive - reverse-phase
PROVIDER: MTBLS14366 | MetaboLights | 2026-04-24
REPOSITORIES: MetaboLights
Dataset's files
Items per page: 5 1 - 5 of 6 |
Similar Datasets
Project description:To understand the molecular basis of viral diseases, transcriptome profiling has been widely used to correlate host gene expression change patterns with disease symptoms during viral infection in many plant hosts. We used infection of apple by Apple stem grooving virus (ASGV), which produces no disease symptoms, to assess the significance of host gene expression changes in disease development. We specifically asked the question whether such asymptomatic infection is attributed to limited changes in host gene expression. Using RNA-seq, we identified a total of 184 up-regulated and 136 down-regulated genes in apple shoot cultures permanently infected by ASGV in comparison with virus-free shoots cultures. As in most plant hosts showing disease symptoms during viral infection, these differentially expressed genes encode known or putative proteins involved in cell cycle, cell wall biogenesis, response to biotic and abiotic stress, development and fruit ripening, phytohormone function, metabolism, signal transduction, transcription regulation, translation, transport, and photosynthesis. Our data suggest that current approaches to correlate host gene expression changes under viral infection conditions to specific infection processes or disease symptom development, based on the interpretation of individual gene functions, have severe limitations. Integrative approaches that can take into account plant development stages, gene threshold levels as well as compensatory, synergistic and antagonistic effects may be necessary to develop a sound systems understanding of the biological significance of host gene expression changes during infection. Compare the transcript profiling of ASGV-infected asymptomatic apple planlets (AP-Vinfect) and virus-free apple plantlets (AP-Vfree) by deep sequencing using Illumina RNA-Seq to check whether lots of genes were modulated by ASGV infection.
2014-04-17 | E-GEOD-53825 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:A transcriptomic approach was implemented using two Penicillium species to identify genes related to fungal aggressiveness in apple fruit and loci contained in ungerminated conidia. Total RNA was isolated from ungerminated conidia and decayed apple fruit infected with P. expansum R19 (aggressive) or P. polonicum RS1 (weak). There were 2,442 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between the R19 and RS1 in apple and comparisons within species between apple and conidia revealed 4,404 DEGs for R19, and 2935 for RS1, respectively. Gene ontology (GO) revealed differential regulation in fungal transport and metabolism genes expressed during decay, suggesting a flux in nutrient acquisition and detoxification strategies. In R19, the oxidoreductase GO category comprised 20% of all groups differentially expressed in decayed apple verses ungerminated conidia in addition to those involved in hydrogen peroxide metabolism. Ungerminated conidia from both species showed higher expression of genes encoding the glyoxylate shunt and beta-oxidation, specifying the earliest metabolic requirements for germination
2022-07-31 | GSE209987 | GEO
Project description:Plant fungal pathogens secrete numerous proteins into the apoplast at the plant-fungus contact sites to facilitate colonization. Only a limited number of secreted proteins have been functionally characterized in Magnaporthe oryzae, the causal agent of blast disease in rice (Oryza sativa). Intriguingly, the ∆alg3 mutant of M. oryzae, which -1, 3-mannosyltransferase ALG3, shows strong defects in fungal cell wall integrity and virulence, indicating a potential effect on the secretion of multiple proteins. Therefore, in this study, we used a proteomics approach, comparing wild type and ∆alg3 mutants, to identify 51 proteins that require ALG3 for proper secretion. Elucidation of the comparative secretome of M. oryzae improves our understanding of the proteins that require ALG3 for secretion, and of their function in fungal virulence and cell wall integrity.
2021-03-12 | PXD024706 |
Project description:To understand the molecular basis of viral diseases, transcriptome profiling has been widely used to correlate host gene expression change patterns with disease symptoms during viral infection in many plant hosts. We used infection of apple by Apple stem grooving virus (ASGV), which produces no disease symptoms, to assess the significance of host gene expression changes in disease development. We specifically asked the question whether such asymptomatic infection is attributed to limited changes in host gene expression. Using RNA-seq, we identified a total of 184 up-regulated and 136 down-regulated genes in apple shoot cultures permanently infected by ASGV in comparison with virus-free shoots cultures. As in most plant hosts showing disease symptoms during viral infection, these differentially expressed genes encode known or putative proteins involved in cell cycle, cell wall biogenesis, response to biotic and abiotic stress, development and fruit ripening, phytohormone function, metabolism, signal transduction, transcription regulation, translation, transport, and photosynthesis. Our data suggest that current approaches to correlate host gene expression changes under viral infection conditions to specific infection processes or disease symptom development, based on the interpretation of individual gene functions, have severe limitations. Integrative approaches that can take into account plant development stages, gene threshold levels as well as compensatory, synergistic and antagonistic effects may be necessary to develop a sound systems understanding of the biological significance of host gene expression changes during infection.
2014-04-17 | GSE53825 | GEO
Project description:Candidiasis affects a wide variety of immunocompromised individuals, including HIV/AIDS patients and cancer patients on chemotherapy. Candida albicans, a major human fungal pathogen, accounts for about 50% of all cases, while the remainder are caused by the less pathogenic non-albicans Candida species (NACS). These species are believed to be less pathogenic, in part, because they do not filament as readily or robustly as C. albicans, although definitive evidence is lacking. To address this question, we used strains for two NACS, Candida tropicalis and Candida parapsilosis, that are genetically engineered to constitutively express the key transcriptional regulator UME6 and drive strong filamentation both in vitro and during infection in vivo. Unexpectedly, both strains showed a dramatic reduction in organ fungal burden and clearance of infection in response to UME6 expression. Consistent with these findings, we observed that a C. tropicalis hyperfilamentous mutant was significantly reduced and a filamentation-defective mutant was slightly increased for organ fungal burden. Comprehensive immune profiling did not reveal any significant changes in the host immune response to UME6 expression in the NACS. Interestingly, however, whole-genome transcriptional profiling indicated that while genes important for filamentation were induced by UME6 expression in C. tropicalis and C. parapsilosis, other genes involved in a variety of processes important for pathogenesis were strongly down-regulated. Our findings are significant because they suggest fundamental evolutionary differences in the relationship between morphology and pathogenicity among Candida species and that NACS do not necessarily possess the same virulence properties as C. albicans.
2019-10-01 | GSE134321 | GEO
Project description:Fusarium graminearum (teleomorph Gibberella zeae) is a prominent pathogen that infects major cereal crops, such as wheat, barley, and maize. FSS1 contains a Zn(II)2Cys6 fungal-type DNA-binding domain and localized exclusively to nuclei responding to sodium, suggesting that FSS1 is a TF required for sodium tolerance. By RNA-seq and genetic studies, we found a P-type ATPase pump (FgENA5) that is under control of FSS1 and is responsible for phenotypic defects of fss1 mutants. The wild-type, fss1 deletion, fss1 overexpression mutant strains were incubated in potato dextrose broth (PDB) with or without 1 M NaCl supplementation for an hour. 6 samples examined: 1 h after inoculation of Fusarium graminearum wild-type, Δfss1(Δfss1::gen), and fss1 overexpression mutant (fss1::gen-Pef1a-fss1) strains in potato dextrose broth with or without 1 M NaCl supplementation
2014-07-09 | E-GEOD-59177 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:Transcriptome sequencing is a powerful approach to globally delineate both the transcriptional and post-transcriptional genome regulation in human and other higher eukaryotes. This study sequenced the transcriptomes of two pathogenicity-differential strains of the plant wilt pathogen Verticillium dahliae. Although they showed no growth difference in vitro, hundreds of V. dahliae genes including those synthesizing aflatoxin were preferentially expressed at in the high-virulence strain. Using both the Pfam and GO annotation strategies, some of these putative virulence genes were ambiguously clustered into several known pathogenic mechanisms including hydrophobins secreted from fungal cells and acting as phytotoxin, biosynthesis of melanin protecting the fungal pathogen against host immune responses, membrane proteins of CFEM and major facilitator superfamily MFS1 with known functions in pathogenesis and multi-drug resistance, respectively. These results suggest that some pathogenicity pathways are pre-activated at the transcriptional level prior to the fungal infection of host plants. We developed two algorithms to confidently identify 1518 alternative splicing events in 1,259 Verticillium genes, representing 15.1% of multi-exonic genes. Among the events, 43.5% involving in novel splice sites were classified into nine AS types, the others belong to intron retention. Verticillium AS genes were exclusively enriched in the regulatory biological processes such as mycelium development, reproduction, morphogenesis, cell communication and signal transduction, predicting a primary function of AS regulation when the pathogen infecting its host. This work presents a transcriptome-wide approach for identifying the fungal virulence genes and pathogenicity mechanisms; both the methodology and mechanisms could be generally applicable to other fungal pathogens.
2015-04-10 | GSE45936 | GEO
Project description:Apple is a woody tree in the Rosaceae family, genus Apple. It has been widely reported that MYBs are critical regulators for red color of apple peel by activating the expression of anthocyanin biogenesis genes. However, it is still not clear what is the molecular mechanism for the yellow color of apple peel. In order to investigate key genes and metabolites responsible for yellow coloration of apple peel, three strains of apples, "Venus Gold (Ype)" with yellow peel, "Yanfu8 (Mpe)" with medium red peel, and "Red love" with dark red peel, were selected in this study. Transcriptomic and metabolomic profiles were obtained for the peels of the three apple strains, respectively. After analyzing the transcriptomic profiles, our results suggest that DFR and LAR1 are two critical genes for the yellow color of Ype peel. Analysis of metabolomic profiles revealed that the abundances of Catechin and Epicatechin in Ype peel was higher than that of Rpe, indicating an important reason for the yellow color of Ype peel. Furthermore, when comparing volatile metabolites from Ype, Mpe and Rpe, hundreds of volatile metabolites show significantly differently abundances, suggesting that apples with different peel colors have different odors. In summary, our results provide new insights into the yellow coloration for the peels of some apple cultivars.
2025-12-04 | GSE304477 | GEO
Project description:Thermotolerance of fungal pathogens is critical for host adaptation, and most fungi cannot survive at mammalian body temperatures, making heat stress a key host defense. Cryptococcus neoformans, a leading cause of fungal meningitis, must overcome host fever and nutrient limitation to establish infection. However, the metabolic adaptations enabling C. neoformans to overcome this barrier remain unclear. Here, we investigated the role of a protein deacetylase Dac6 in C. neoformans thermotolerance and pathogenicity, focusing on its metabolic regulation under heat stress. We found that Dac6 is a thermotolerance regulator, distinct from its yeast homolog Rpd3, and its expression correlates with heat resistance in clinical strains. Multi-omics analyses reveal that Dac6 modulates histone acetylation and gene expression to reprogram amino acid metabolism under heat stress, particularly lysine and threonine. Notably, lysine and threonine are also the major altered metabolites in host during cryptococcal infection, and Dac6 deletion impaired fungal utilization of lysine and threonine under heat stress in vitro and in vivo. Consequently, Dac6 deficiency leads to reduced lung and brain colonization, and attenuated virulence in mice. Our study uncovers a metabolic adaptation mechanism by which Dac6 links nutrient utilization to thermotolerance and virulence, providing new insights into fungal survival strategies in high-temperature host environments.
2025-11-25 | GSE302506 | GEO
Project description:Alternaria brassicicola is a successful saprophyte and necrotrophic plant pathogen. Molecular determinants of its life style shift between saprophyte and pathogen, however, are unknown. To identify these determinants we studied nonpathogenic mutants of a transcription factor-coding gene, AbPf2. Frequency and timing of germination and appressorium formation on host plants were similar between the nonpathogenic Δabpf2 mutants and wild-type A. brassicicola. The mutants were also similar in vitro to wild-type A. brassicicola in vegetative growth, conidium production, and responses to chemical stressors, such as a phytoalexin, reactive oxygen species, and osmolites. The mutants, however, did not penetrate host plant tissues, though their hyphae continued to grow on the plant surface. Transcripts of the AbPf2 gene increased exponentially soon after wild-type conidia encountered their host plants. A small amount of AbPf2 protein, monitored by fused green fluorescent protein, was located in both the cytoplasm and nuclei of young, mature conidia. The protein level decreased during saprophytic growth but increased several-fold during pathogenesis. Levels of both the proteins and transcripts sharply declined following colonization of host tissues beyond the initial infection site. When the transcription factor was expressed at an induced level in the wild type during early pathogenesis, the expression of 106 fungal genes was down-regulated in the Δabpf2 mutants. Notably, 33 of the 106 genes encoded secreted proteins, including eight putative effector proteins. Plants inoculated with Δabpf2 mutants expressed higher levels of genes associated with photosynthesis, the pentose phosphate pathway, and primary metabolism, but lower levels of defense-related genes. Our results suggest that conidia of A. brassicicola are programmed as saprophytes, but become parasites upon contact with their hosts. AbPf2 coordinates this transformation by expressing pathogenesis-associated genes, including those coding for effectors.
2013-09-30 | GSE38984 | GEO