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Microbial metabolism driven by nanobiohybrids via electromagnetic induction

ABSTRACT: Microorganisms sustain biogeochemical cycles via metabolically driven redox reactions that require essential external energy. Beyond conventional chemotrophy and phototrophy, many microorganisms remain metabolically active under extreme energy limitation, suggesting the existence of alternative energy acquisition strategies. Magnetic fields are pervasive in both natural and engineered environments, yet their potential as direct drivers of microbial metabolism remains unresolved. Here we demonstrate that microbial activity can be driven via electromagnetic induction as an energy conversion pathway under a dynamic magnetic field (DMF). Nanobiohybrids comprising Thiobacillus denitrificans and graphite nanosheets generated an electromotive force under DMF, enabling bio-denitrification with water as the electron donor. Comparable induction-driven processes were also observed in carbon and sulphur cycling, as well as pollutant degradation. These findings identify electromagnetic induction as a previously unrecognized mechanism enabling microbial energy conversion and reveal a mode of magnetic control over metabolism, with broad implications for biogeochemistry, bioenergy, and environmental technologies.

INSTRUMENT(S): Liquid Chromatography MS - positive - normal-phase, Liquid Chromatography MS - negative - normal-phase

PROVIDER: MTBLS14722 | MetaboLights | 2026-06-09

REPOSITORIES: MetaboLights

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			Action	DRS
	a_MTBLS14722_LC-MS_negative_normal-phase.txt	Txt
	a_MTBLS14722_LC-MS_positive_normal-phase.txt	Txt
	i_Investigation.txt	Txt
	m_MTBLS14722_LC-MS_negative_normal-phase_v2_maf.tsv	Tabular
	m_MTBLS14722_LC-MS_positive_normal-phase_v2_maf.tsv	Tabular

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Project description:Saccharomyces cerevisiae is an established microbial host for the production of non-native compounds. The synthesis of these compounds typically demands energy and competes with growth for carbon and energy substrate. Uncoupling product formation form growth would benefit product yields and decrease formation of by-product biomass. Studying non-growing metabolically-active yeast cultures provides a first step towards developing S. cerevisiae as a non-growing, robust cell factory. Non-growing metabolically-active cultures can be obtained in retentostat, a glucose-limited, continuous bioreactor system in which biomass accumulates while spent medium is constantly removed. Hitherto retentostat cultures of S. cerevisiae have only been reported under anaerobiosis, condition inappropriate for the production of energy-demanding products. The present study, using retentostat cultures, explores the physiology of non-dividing, fully respiring S. cerevisiae, focusing on industrially-relevant features. Following model-aided experimental design, retentostat cultivations were optimized for accelerated but smooth transition of S. cerevisiae from exponential growth to near-zero growth rates. During 20 days in retentostat the biomass concentration increased, leading very slow growth rates (specific growth rates below 0.001 h-1) but high culture viability (over 80% of viable cells). The maintenance requirement (mATP) was estimated at 0.64 mmolATP.gX-1.h-1, which is remarkably ca. 35% lower than the mATP measured in anaerobic retentostat cultures. Transcriptional down-regulation of genes involved in biosynthesis and up-regulation of stress-responsive genes towards near-zero growth rates corresponded well with data from anaerobic retentostats. More striking was the extreme heat-shock tolerance of S. cerevisiae, which exceeded by far previously reported heat shock tolerance of notoriously robust yeast cultures such as stationary phase cultures. Furthermore, while the metabolic fluxes in the retentostats were relatively low as a result of extreme caloric restriction, off-line measurements revealed that S. cerevisiae retained a high catabolic capacity. The high viability and extreme heat-shock tolerance revealed the robustness of S. cerevisiae at near-zero growth in retentostat. In addition, the relatively low maintenance requirements and high metabolic capacity under severe calorie restriction underline the potential of S. cerevisiae as a non-dividing microbial cell factory for the production of energy-intensive compounds. The retentostat is a promising tool to identify the molecular basis of this extreme robustness. The goal of the present study is to investigate the physiology of aerobic fully respiring S. cerevsiae at near-zero growth rates. Fundamental but industrially-relevant questions were addressed thanks to the design, implementation and study of aerobic retentostat cultivations enabling a rapid but smooth transition of S. cerevisiae from exponential growth to near-zero growth rates.

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Microbial metabolism driven by nanobiohybrids via electromagnetic induction

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