Project description:We were interested in investigating the heterogeneity of CD4+ Th2 cells during infection response. In order to do so we injected Nippostrongylus brasiliensis (Nb) in recipient mice as this is known to elicit a Type 2 response. Mice were subcutaneously injected with Nb larvae and single CD4+ cells were isolated from mediastinal lymph nodes, mesenteric lymph nodes, and lungs 5 days after infection.
Project description:Microarray profiling of amplified total RNA isolated from neutrophils sorted from naïve, Nippostrongylus brasiliensis (Nb)-infected, or lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-treated mice.
Project description:We identified the extracellular vesicles (EVs)secreted by the nematode Nippostrongylus brasiliensis. EV proteins were analysed using a 5600+ mass spectrometer (ABSCIEX).
Project description:The intestinal epithelium is our first line of defense against infections of the gut and the plasticity in cellular differentiation of the intestinal epithelium is an important part of this response. Here we sequenced the small intestinal epithelium from mice infected with Nippostrongylus brasiliensis to determine how the intestinal epithelium adapts in the context of an infection. By comparing these data to small intestinal organoids treated with cytokines (see related accessions) we determine that the intestinal epithelial response to N. brasiliensis infection correspond to a type II infection driven by IL-13.
Project description:The goal of this experiment was to examine the innate immune response to helminth infection in the lung. Hookworms (like many other helminths) use an obligate migration pathway through the lung. Their infection has been characterized in the gut in detail, but early immune responses in the lung have not been fully characterized. Experiment Overall Design: SCID mice were used to examine the innate immune response. SCID mice have no functional B or T cells but a fully functional innate immune system. SCID and WT mice were infected with 500 L3 stage infectious Nippostrongylus brasiliensis SC and their lungs were removed at days 2,3,4,8 and 12 post infection.
Project description:Distinct subsets of T lymphocytes express CX3CR1 under inflammatory conditions, but little is known about CX3CR1+ CD4+ T cells during Type 2 inflammation in helminth infections. Here, we used a fate-mapping mouse model to characterize CX3CR1+ CD4+ T cells during both acute Nippostrongylus brasiliensis and chronic Schistosoma mansoni helminth infections, revealing CX3CR1+ CD4+ T cells to be an activated tissue homing subset with varying capacity for cytokine production. Tracking these cells over time revealed that maintenance of CX3CR1 itself along with a TH2 phenotype conferred a survival advantage in the inflamed tissue. Single-cell RNA-sequencing analysis of fate-mapped CX3CR1+ CD4+ T cells from both the peripheral tissue and the spleen revealed a considerable level of diversity and identified a distinct population of BCL6+ TCF-1+ PD1+ CD4+ T cells in the spleen during helminth infections. Conditional deletion of BCL6 in CX3CR1+ cells result in fewer CX3CR1+ CD4+ during infection, indicating a role in sustaining CD4+ T cell responses to helminth infections. Overall, our studies revealed the behavior and heterogeneity of CX3CR1+ CD4+ T cells during Type 2 inflammation in helminth infections and identified BCL6 to be important in their maintenance