Ontology highlight
ABSTRACT:
PROVIDER: PRJEB21539 | ENA |
REPOSITORIES: ENA
Similar Datasets
Project description:For many species, parental care critically affects offspring survival. But what drives animals to display parental behaviours towards young? In mammals, pregnancy‐induced physiological transformations seem key in preparing the neural circuits that lead towards attraction (and reduced‐aggression) to young. Beyond mammalian maternal behaviour, knowledge of the neural mechanisms that underlie young‐directed parental care is severely lacking. We took advantage of a domesticated bird species, the Japanese quail, for which parental behaviour towards chicks can be induced in virgin non‐ reproductive adults through a sensitization procedure, a process that is not effective in all animals. We used the variation in parental responses to study neural transcriptomic changes associated with the sensitization procedure itself and with the outcome of the procedure (i.e., presence of parental behaviours). We found differences in gene expression in the hypothalamus and bed nucleus of the stria terminalis, but not the nucleus taeniae. Two genes identified are of particular interest. One is neurotensin, previously only demonstrated to be causally associated with maternal care in mammals. The other one is urocortin 3, causally demonstrated to affect young‐directed neglect and aggression in mammals. Because our studies were conducted in animals that were reproductively quiescent, our results reflect core neural changes that may be associated with avian young‐directed care independently of extensive hormonal stimulation. Our work opens new avenues of research into understanding the neural basis of parental care in non‐placental species.
2021-07-22 | GSE162378 | GEO
Project description:In many species, adults care for young offspring that are not their own, a phenomenon called alloparenting. However, most nonparental adults must be sensitized by repeated or extended exposure to pups before robustly displaying of parental-like behaviors. To capture neurogenomic events underlying the transition to active parental caring behaviors, we analyzed brain gene expression and chromatin profiles of virgin female mice co-housed with mothers during pregnancy and after birth. After an initial display of antagonistic behaviors and a surge of defense-related gene expression, we observed a dramatic shift in the chromatin landscape specifically in amygdala of the pup-exposed virgin females, accompanied by a dampening of defense-related gene expression. This epigenetic shift coincided with hypothalamic expression of the oxytocin gene and the emergence of behaviors and gene expression patterns classically associated with maternal care. The results outline a neurogenomic program associated with dramatic behavioral changes and suggest molecular networks relevant to human postpartum mental health.
2022-01-26 | GSE184549 | GEO
Project description:It is becoming clear that copy number polymorphism in the human genome is a significant form of genetic variation. We have developed a new method that uses SNP genotype data from parent-offspring trios and applied it to HapMap to conduct high-resolution detection of deletion polymorphism. Of the delections uncovered, approximately 100 have been experimentally validated using comparative genome hybridization on these tiling-resolution oligonucleotide microarrays. We identified a total of 586 distinct regions that harbor deletion polymorphisms in one or more of the parent-offspring trios. This new method will permit future identification of deletion polymorphisms from high density SNP data derived from parent-offspring trios or other family relationships. Keywords: comparative genomic hybridisation
2005-11-17 | GSE3474 | GEO
Project description:The heterotic hybrid offspring of Arabidopsis accessions C24 and Landsberg erecta have altered methylomes. Changes occur most frequently at loci where parental methylation levels are different. There are context-specific biases in the non-additive methylation patterns with mCG generally increased and mCHH decreased relative to the parents. These changes are a result of two main mechanisms, Trans Chromosomal Methylation (TCM) and Trans Chromosomal deMethylation (TCdM), where the methylation level of one parental allele alters to resemble that of the other parent. Regions of altered methylation are enriched around genic regions and are often correlated with changes in siRNA levels. We identified examples of genes with altered expression likely to be due to methylation changes and suggest that in crosses between the C24 and Ler accessions, epigenetic controls can be important in the generation of altered transcription levels which may contribute to the increased biomass of the hybrids. C24, Ler, and C24 x Ler
2012-02-05 | E-GEOD-35542 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:The centromeric histone H3 (CENH3) is of great importance in centromere identification identity, chromosome mobilization during cell division and thus genome stability. The imbalance of CENH3 loading rate or dosage on parental centromeres often leads to uniparental chromosome elimination in the offspring. A body of studies on the function of CENH3 in genome stability have been reported in Arabidopsis, cotton, and many other monocots, but not in soybean (Glycine max), an important dicot crop. In our study, we identified the a single-copy functional CENH3 in soybean and found its role in genome stability and parent-of-origin effect caused by a conserved glycine site and parental genetic background. This study identified the functional GmCENH3 and would shed light on the future development of CENH3-based haploid induction system and centromere biology in soybean.
2023-10-07 | GSE244481 | GEO
Project description:Nicrophorus vespilloides - Flexible Male Parental Care
| PRJNA375005 | ENA
Project description:According to Mendel's laws, each parent makes an equal genetic contribution to an offspring in sexually reproducing organisms. The bipolar mitotic spindle controls the equal segregation of paternal and maternal chromosomes during the first cell division. By overexpression of a single protein, GPR-1, in the maternal strain we changed the structure of the mitotic spindle from bipolar to two monopolar spindles to segregate maternal and paternal chromosomes into different cell lineages, resulting in non-mendelian segregation for entire genomes. To follow maternal and paternal segregation of the chromosomes we used red and green histone markers respectively. By mating gpr-1-overexpressing hermaphrodites with wild-type males, mendelian F1 worms that express both markers simultaneously in all tissues and non-mendelian F1 worms that express red and green markers in different tissues will be produced representing embryos with bipolar and embryos with two monopolar spindles. Thus, we show that the rules of genetic inheritance can be changed, which may inspire the formation of a new field of synthetic zoology. Transcriptional profiling was done to investigate the differences in gene expression between mendelian and non-mendelian offspring. Approximately 60 adult worms were used per sample. Four conditions were collected: hermaphrodites of the paternal strain, hermaphrodites of the maternal strain, co-segregating (mendelian) F1 after crossing of parental strains, and (non-mendelian) F1 that segregates the paternal genotype to body wall muscle, intestine + germline and the maternal genotype to the nervous system after crossing of parental strains.
2015-11-11 | E-GEOD-74848 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:Ethologists predicted that parental care evolves by modifying suitable behavioural precursors in the asocial ancestor. Traits such as nest building, defensive and aggressive behaviours, and potentially shared resources evolve to offspring protection and defence, and feeding. From this ethological principle, we further predicted that the evolved mechanistic changes would reside in genetic pathways underlying these behavioural precursors. While gene expression is difficult to detect for some molecules like neuropeptides, we tested our hypothesis by measuring abundance of neuropeptides in different behavioural states using LC-MS in female burying beetles, Nicrophorus vespilloides. Parenting in this species is extensive and complex as caring adults regurgitate food to begging, dependent offspring. We identified neuropeptides by sampling peptide abundance in female brains collected from three different behavioural states: solitary virgins, actively parenting, or post-parenting solitary adults. We identified 133 peptides belonging to 18 neuropeptides. Of these 18, eight differed in abundance in one or more state. We found increased abundance during parenting in seven of the eight. None of the identified neuropeptides have previously been associated with parental care, but all have known roles in predicted behavioural precursors of mating, resource defence, feeding, or social tolerance. Two, tachykinin and sulfakinin, influence multiple pathways. Our study supports the prediction that appropriate behavioural precursors are likely targets of selection during the evolution of parenting. Evolutionary principles predicted neuropeptides influencing social behaviour, and our results provide several new candidate neuropeptides underpinning parenting.
2016-11-29 | MSV000080366 | MassIVE
Project description:Parental effects represent an important source of variation in offspring phenotypes. Depending on the specific mechanisms involved, parental effects may be caused to different degrees by either the maternal or paternal parent, and these effects may in turn act at different stages of development. In order to detect parental effects acting on gene transcription regulation and length phenotype during ontogeny, the transcriptomic profiles of two reciprocal hybrids from Laval × Rupert and Laval × domestic populations of brook charr were compared at hatching, yolk sac resorption, and 15 weeks after exogenous feeding. Using a salmonid cDNA microarray, our results show that parental effects modulated gene expression among reciprocal hybrids only at the yolk sac resorption stage. In addition, Laval × domestic and Laval × Rupert reciprocal hybrids differed in the magnitude of theses parental effects, with 199 and 630 differentially expressed transcripts, respectively. This corresponds to a maximum of 18.5% of the analyzed transcripts. These transcripts are functionally related to cell cycle, nucleic acid metabolism and intracellular protein traffic, which is consistent with observed differences associated with embryonic development and growth differences in other fish species. Our results thus illustrate how parental effects on patterns of gene transcription seem dependent on the genetic architecture of the parents. In addition, in absence of transcriptomic differences, the non-transcriptomic deposits could also act to highlight the offspring differences in length before the yolk sac resorption.
2012-12-31 | GSE42435 | GEO