Project description:This study provides evidence on the molecular mechanisms by which P2RX7 signaling promotes Th1 cell differentiation. P2RX7 induces T-bet expression and aerobic glycolysis in splenic CD4+ T cells that respond to malaria, at a time prior to Th1/Tfh polarization. Cell-intrinsic P2RX7 signaling sustains the glycolytic pathway and causes bioenergetic mitochondrial stress in activated CD4+ T cells. We also show in vitro the phenotypic similarities of Th1-polarized CD4+ T cells that do not express P2RX7 and those in which the glycolytic pathway is pharmacologically inhibited. In addition, ATP synthase blockade in vitro and the consequent inhibition of oxidative phosphorylation, which forces cells to use aerobic glycolysis, is sufficient to promote rapid CD4+ T cell proliferation and polarization to the Th1 profile in the absence of P2RX7. These data demonstrate that P2RX7-mediated metabolic reprograming for aerobic glycolysis is a key event for Th1 cell differentiation and suggest that ATP synthase inhibition is a fundamental mechanism by which P2X7 signaling induces the Th1 response.
Project description:Naive CD4+ CD62L+ CD25- T cells were differentiated under TH1 and TH2 conditions for 7 days, restimulated with anti-CD3 and anti-CD28 for 24h and sorted for IFN-gamma (TH1) and IL-4 (TH2) production using cytokine secretion assays.
Project description:We report the differential mRNA expressino of WT and Chi3l1 KO Th1 cells. We cultured WT and Chi3l1 KO naive CD4 T cells under Th1 skewing condition : plate-bound anti-CD3/28 antibody (2ug/mL), IL-12 0.2ng/mL, IL-2 50U/mL, anti-IL-4 neutralizing antibody 2ug/mL, for 3 days. We found different Th1 regulatory and tumoricidal-related gene expression in Chi3l1 KO T cells.
Project description:Identification of intrathymic Eomes+ natural Th1 cells creates a novel idea that there is more than one way for the generation of innate CD4 T cells. To more deeply characterize this type of innate T cells, we compared the gene expression profile between nTh1 cells generated in CIITAtg mice and classic Th1 cells differentiated from naive CD4 T cells in Th1-polarizing condition.
Project description:Differentiation of CD4+T-cells into effector subsets is a critical component of the adaptive immune system and an incorrect response can lead to autoimmunity or immune deficiency. Cellular differentiation including T-cell differentiation is accompanied by large-scale epigenetic remodeling, including changes in DNA methylation at key regulators of T-cell differentiation. The TET family of enzymes were recently shown to be able to catalyse methylated cytosine (5mC) into 5-hydroxymethylcytosine (5hmC) enabling a pathway of active removal of DNA methylation. Here, we characterize 5hmC, 5mC and transcriptional dynamics during human CD4+T-cell polarisation in a time series approach and relate these changes to profiles in ex-vivo CD4+memory subsets. We observed large-scale remodelling during early CD4+T-cell differentiation which was predictive of subsequent changes during late time points, these changes were also related to disease associated regions which we show can act as functional regulatory elements. This dataset was designed to assess how gene expression changes over time during human CD4+T-cell polarization towards Th1 and Th2. DNA methylation was assessed in relationship to 5hmC levels and changes (see data series), we observed that regions gaining 5hmC early was highly predictive of regions losing DNA methylation during late time points. This submission contains data from the DNA methylation by array profiling of human CD4+T-cells in-vitro polarized towards Th1 and Th2 time-series. It is part of series containing 5hmC and DNA methylation profiling of the same samples. See related experiments E-MTAB-4685, E-MTAB-4686, E-MTAB-4687, E-MTAB-4689.
Project description:CD4 T cells were activated using CD3/CD28 antibodies in the presence of IL2 and IL12, to generate Th1 cells. Th1 cells were maintained and expanded in IL2 and IL12, on D5 Th1 cells were sorted for CD4+ expression and DAP1 exclusion. After flow sorting, live TH1 cells were resuspended (1e6 per ml) in methionine free RPMI, supplemented with 10% dialysed FBS, IL2 and IL12, and with L-methionine (100μM, or 1μM). Cells were cultured for 5 hrs before collection for proteomics processing.
Project description:Inter-individual differences in T helper (Th) cell responses affect susceptibility to infectious, allergic, and autoimmune diseases. To identify factors contributing to these response differences, we analyzed the phenotypic profiles of in vitro-differentiated Th1 cells from 16 inbred mouse strains. Haplotype-based computational genetic analysis indicated that the p53 family protein, p73, affected Th1 differentiation. In cells differentiated under Th1 conditions in vitro, we demonstrated that p73 was a negative regulator of IFNγ production, and this effect required the DNA-binding activity of p73. p73 bound within the gene body or upstream of many genes that affect Th1 differentiation and regulated their expression (e.g., Ifng and Il12rb2). Furthermore, in experimental autoimmune encephalitis, which is a mouse disease model of multiple sclerosis, p73-deficient mice had increased IFNg production and decreased disease severity, whereas in the adoptive transfer model of inflammatory bowel disease, transfer of p73- deficient naïve CD4+ T cells into WT Rag2-/- hosts resulted in increased Th1 responses and enhanced disease severity compared to transfer of WT cells. These studies identify p73 as a regulator of immune responses and indicate that its dysregulation may play a role in susceptibility to autoimmune disease.
Project description:Naïve CD4+ T cells were isolated from spleen of AND TcR transgenic/green fluorescence protein (GFP) transgenic mice (Kaye et al., Nature 1989;341:746, Wright et al, Blood 2001;97:2278) that recognize a peptide of pigeon cytochrome C in the context of I-Ek and express CD44lo, CD62Lhi, CD45RBhi, and CD25-. After 4 days in vitro stimulation with antigen presenting cells (APC) under either Th1 or Th2 condition, naïve cells become Th1 or Th2 effector cells expressing CD44hi, CD62L lo, CD45RBhi, and CD25+. Additional 3 days culture in the absence of APC, those effector cells become rested expressing a phenotype similar to memory cells (CD44 hi, CD62L lo, CD45RB lo and CD25-). These rested effector cells were adaptively transferred into thymectomized, lethally irradiated, and T cell depleted bone marrow reconstituted mice and memory cells were isolated after 4-12 weeks by flow sort. Generation and purification of Th1 and Th2 effector and memory CD4+ T cells of 42 samples.